{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,6]],"date-time":"2025-12-06T21:48:32Z","timestamp":1765057712779,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Emerald","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,13]],"date-time":"2020-04-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1586736000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/site-policies"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJPHM"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,13]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study aims to explore the views of pharmacy professionals (PPs) in Portugal about generic medicines and international non-proprietary name (INN) prescribing and compare them with the views of general practitioners (GPs).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Design\/methodology\/approach<\/jats:title><jats:p>A self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data from a sample of 185 community PPs and 85 GPs. Their perceptions were examined using a five-point Likert scale applied to statements focusing on five main topics of interest: motivation, safety, users\u2019 perceptions and knowledge, advantages and disadvantages of generic medicines and INN prescribing. Daily experiences and suggestions for decreasing health and pharmaceutical expenses were explored through open-ended questions. Nonparametric tests were used to compare attitudes between both groups and to explore associations between the level of agreement and respondents\u2019 demographic characteristics. Content analysis was used to categorize the answers to the open-ended questions.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Findings<\/jats:title><jats:p>Generally, GPs expressed more negative opinions toward generics and INN prescribing than PPs. GPs perceived generics as less effective, less safe, inferior in quality, more likely to cause side effects and believed that users do not trust them. Both groups believed that patients remain very confused and ill-informed about generics, only adhering to them because of their low cost and expressed concerns about the existence of an excessive number of generic medicines and the lack of patients\u2019 responsibility toward medicines costs.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Originality\/value<\/jats:title><jats:p>To the best of the authors\u2019 knowledge, this study represents the first attempt to elicit and compare Portuguese GPs and PPs opinions concerning INN prescribing.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1108\/ijphm-12-2018-0064","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,11]],"date-time":"2020-05-11T06:32:21Z","timestamp":1589178741000},"page":"177-199","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Prescribers\u2019 and dispensers' views about generic medicines and international non-proprietary name prescribing \u2013 a mixed methods study in Portugal"],"prefix":"10.1108","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Micaela","family":"Pinho","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]}],"member":"140","reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"key2020052108120527100_ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1159\/000355473","article-title":"Generic medicine substitution: a cross-sectional survey of the perception of pharmacists in North-Central, Nigeria","volume":"23","year":"2014","journal-title":"Medical Principles and Practice"},{"volume-title":"Ten Years of Pharmaceutical Policy in Portugal (Portuguese)","year":"2010","key":"key2020052108120527100_ref002"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2020052108120527100_ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1016\/0019-8501(79)90020-8","article-title":"Physicians and pharmacists perceptions of generic drugs","volume":"8","year":"1979","journal-title":"Industrial Marketing Management"},{"issue":"3","key":"key2020052108120527100_ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"264","DOI":"10.1111\/bcpt.12314","article-title":"Attitudes of physicians and pharmacists towards international non\u2010proprietary name prescribing in Belgium","volume":"116","year":"2015","journal-title":"Basic and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology"},{"issue":"9659","key":"key2020052108120527100_ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(08)61762-6","article-title":"Medicine prices, availability, and affordability in 36 developing and middle-income countries: a second analysis","volume":"373","year":"2009","journal-title":"The Lancet"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2020052108120527100_ref006","first-page":"25","article-title":"Knowledge and attitudes of physicians and pharmacists towards the use of generic medicines in Bosnia And Herzegovina","volume":"14","year":"2017","journal-title":"Med Glas (Zenica)"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2020052108120527100_ref007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1007\/s11096-010-9470-1","article-title":"Exploring community pharmacists\u2019 views on generic medicines: a nationwide study from Malaysia","volume":"33","year":"2011","journal-title":"International Journal of Clinical Pharmacy"},{"issue":"2\/3","key":"key2020052108120527100_ref008","first-page":"229","article-title":"A survey exploring knowledge and perceptions of general practitioners towards the use of generic medicines in the Northern state of Malaysia","volume":"95","year":"2010","journal-title":"Health Policy"},{"issue":"12","key":"key2020052108120527100_ref009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e008915","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2015-008915","article-title":"Perceptions of generic medication in the general population, doctors and pharmacists: a systematic review","volume":"5","year":"2015","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"issue":"4","key":"key2020052108120527100_ref010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1088-4963.1997.tb00082.x","article-title":"Limits to health care: fair procedures, democratic deliberation, and the legitimacy problem for insurers","volume":"26","year":"1997","journal-title":"Philosophy & Public Affairs"},{"issue":"6","key":"key2020052108120527100_ref011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1007\/s40271-016-0176-x","article-title":"What do users of generic medicines think of them? 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