{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,7]],"date-time":"2026-02-07T08:49:21Z","timestamp":1770454161605,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":71,"publisher":"Emerald","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,29]],"date-time":"2018-11-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1543449600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/site-policies"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJQRM"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,29]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>The purpose of this paper is to dissect the diffusion of the number of organizations that implemented multiple management systems (MSs), considering the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) 9001, ISO 14001 and OHSAS 18001 standards (quality, environment and safety) in the South European countries: Italy, Portugal and Spain. In addition, based on the data collected, forecasting models were developed to assess at which extent the multiple certifications are expected to occur in each studied country.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Design\/methodology\/approach<\/jats:title><jats:p>Data concerning the evolution of the amount of multiple MSs in Italy, Portugal and Spain were collected for the period between 1999 and 2015. The behavior of the evolution of the number of MSs over the years was studied adopting both the Gompertz and the Logistic models. The results obtained with these two models were compared and analyzed to provide a forecast for the next years.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Findings<\/jats:title><jats:p>The diffusion throughout the years of the number of MSs presents an S-shaped behavior. The evolution of the amount of MSs in countries with a lower saturation level are properly fitted by the Gompertz model whereas the Logistic model fits more accurately when considering countries with a larger saturation level.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Research limitations\/implications<\/jats:title><jats:p>The data related to the early years are not available in some of the countries. To overcome this shortcoming missing data were extrapolated from the data set provided by the annual ISO survey. Additionally, the integration level attained by each company was not assessed and, on this regard and in the scope of this paper, an integrated management system is understood as implemented when organizations have multiple MSs implemented.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Practical implications<\/jats:title><jats:p>The results provide a cross-sectional portrayal of the diffusion of MSs certifications in the South European countries and enable a forecast for the trend in the next years.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Originality\/value<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study aims for the first time, to the best of the authors\u2019 knowledge, to analyze the diffusion of multiple MSs throughout the years.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1108\/ijqrm-03-2017-0044","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,19]],"date-time":"2018-10-19T07:23:36Z","timestamp":1539933816000},"page":"2289-2303","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Integrated management systems diffusion models in South European countries"],"prefix":"10.1108","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"M\u00f3nica","family":"Cabecinhas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1406-4905","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pedro","family":"Domingues","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0879-1084","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paulo","family":"Sampaio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Merce","family":"Bernardo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7131-4419","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fiorenzo","family":"Franceschini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Maurizio","family":"Galetto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Gianni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Katerina","family":"Gotzamani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Luca","family":"Mastrogiacomo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8950-2370","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alfonso","family":"Hernandez-Vivanco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"140","reference":[{"key":"key2020092606093518600_ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2014.04.084","article-title":"Taxonomic proposal for integration levels of management systems based on empirical evidence and derived corporate benefits","volume":"78","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of Cleaner Production"},{"issue":"3","key":"key2020092606093518600_ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1287\/mnsc.1060.0633","article-title":"A spatiotemporal analysis of the global diffusion of ISO 9000 and ISO 14000 certification","volume":"53","year":"2007","journal-title":"Management Science"},{"issue":"4","key":"key2020092606093518600_ref003","first-page":"338","article-title":"Different perspectives on management systems integration","volume":"25","year":"2014","journal-title":"Total Quality Management & Business Excellence"},{"issue":"5","key":"key2020092606093518600_ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"504","DOI":"10.1108\/01443571311322706","article-title":"Diffusion of quality standards in the hospitality sector","volume":"33","year":"2013","journal-title":"International Journal of Operations & Production Management"},{"key":"key2020092606093518600_ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2014.06.089","article-title":"Integration of management systems as an innovation: a proposal for a new model","volume":"82","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of Cleaner Production"},{"issue":"3","key":"key2020092606093518600_ref006","first-page":"213","article-title":"Are methods used to integrate standardized management systems a conditioning factor of the level of integration? 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