{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,22]],"date-time":"2025-11-22T11:25:00Z","timestamp":1763810700571,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Emerald","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,14]],"date-time":"2021-12-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1639440000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/site-policies"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IR"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n<jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Purpose<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The motivation for robotics research in the agricultural field has sparked in consequence of the increasing world population and decreasing agricultural labor availability. This paper aims to analyze the state of the art of pruning and harvesting manipulators used in agriculture.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Design\/methodology\/approach<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>A research was performed on papers that corresponded to specific keywords. Ten papers were selected based on a set of attributes that made them adequate for review.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Findings<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The pruning manipulators were used in two different scenarios: grapevines and apple trees. These manipulators showed that a light-controlled environment could reduce visual errors and that prismatic joints on the manipulator are advantageous to obtain a higher reach. The harvesting manipulators were used for three types of fruits: strawberries, tomatoes and apples. These manipulators revealed that different kinematic configurations are required for different kinds of end-effectors, as some of these tools only require movement in the horizontal axis and others are required to reach the target with a broad range of orientations.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Originality\/value<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>This work serves to reduce the gap in the literature regarding agricultural manipulators and will support new developments of novel solutions related to agricultural robotic grasping and manipulation.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1108\/ir-07-2021-0139","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,10]],"date-time":"2021-12-10T07:41:46Z","timestamp":1639122106000},"page":"688-695","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["An overview of pruning and harvesting manipulators"],"prefix":"10.1108","volume":"49","author":[{"given":"V\u00edtor","family":"Tinoco","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Manuel F.","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Filipe N.","family":"Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Ant\u00f3nio","family":"Valente","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Lu\u00eds F.","family":"Rocha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Sandro A.","family":"Magalh\u00e3es","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Luis C.","family":"Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"140","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,14]]},"reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"key2022053115392099900_ref001","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"786","DOI":"10.1080\/14620316.2001.11511446","article-title":"Insights into the formation of tomato quality during fruit development","volume":"76","year":"2001","journal-title":"The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology"},{"issue":"6","key":"key2022053115392099900_ref002","article-title":"A robot system for pruning grapevines","volume":"34","year":"2016","journal-title":"Journal of Field Robotics"},{"issue":"13","key":"key2022053115392099900_ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5842","DOI":"10.1002\/jsfa.9857","article-title":"Cost\u2013benefit analysis of tomato in soil-less culture systems with saline waterunder greenhouse conditions","volume":"99","year":"2019","journal-title":"Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture"},{"issue":"2","key":"key2022053115392099900_ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biosystemseng.2011.07.005","article-title":"Design and control of an apple harvesting robot","volume":"110","year":"2011","journal-title":"Biosystems Engineering"},{"issue":"11","key":"key2022053115392099900_ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2442","DOI":"10.1049\/iet-ipr.2019.0738","article-title":"Detection, quantification and classification of ripened tomatoes: a comparative analysis of image processing and machine learning","volume":"14","year":"2020","journal-title":"IET Image Processing"},{"key":"key2022053115392099900_ref006","unstructured":"Ferreira, V.S. (2017), \u201cA cultura do tomate em estufa. 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