{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,4]],"date-time":"2025-12-04T14:45:36Z","timestamp":1764859536766,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":64,"publisher":"Emerald","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,19]],"date-time":"2023-01-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1674086400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/site-policies"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JEC"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,27]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n<jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Purpose<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>To date, research on migration and entrepreneurship has rarely focused expat-preneurs. Based on recent developments in both fields, this paper aims to investigate the under-researched phenomenon of Chinese self-initiated expatriates who choose to temporarily live and do business abroad on their own volition.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Design\/methodology\/approach<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>To address this research gap, 15 in-depth semi-structured interviews with Chinese expat-preneurs living in Portugal were conducted, exposing their narratives about their multiple challenges.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Findings<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The findings corroborate the theoretical need to look beyond narrow economic explanations for why individuals engage in transnational entrepreneurship and entrepreneurial itinerancy. A collective identity and ethnic community are important because they influence how opportunities are identified and pursued.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Research limitations\/implications<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>This is a qualitative and interpretative study in a limited geographical area, which does not intent to ensure generalizability. More research is needed to further understand the phenomenon of entrepreneurial itinerancy in Europe and among other ethnic communities.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Practical implications<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The findings provide insightful inputs to Portuguese policymakers and locals on how to support ethnic entrepreneurship. Chinese expat-preneurs also benefit from understanding how to strength their ethnic social ties in connection with local communities.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Originality\/value<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>This study contributes to the entrepreneurship and international mobility literatures by providing new insights into the nature and dynamics of Chinese \u201cexpat-preneurs\u201d, including their entrepreneurial itinerancy, necessary to properly understand entrepreneurs\u2019 diversity and assist in extending transnational entrepreneurial theory.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1108\/jec-07-2022-0098","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,17]],"date-time":"2023-01-17T11:21:18Z","timestamp":1673954478000},"page":"303-326","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["The community of Chinese \u201cexpat-preneurs\u201d: understanding the challenges of doing business abroad"],"prefix":"10.1108","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Luisa Helena","family":"Pinto","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Emilia","family":"Fernandes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Li","family":"Xinyan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"140","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,19]]},"reference":[{"issue":"16","key":"key2024022316085428900_ref001","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2295","DOI":"10.1080\/09585192.2013.877058","article-title":"Addressing international mobility confusion \u2013 developing definitions and differentiations for self-initiated and assigned expatriates as well as migrants","volume":"25","year":"2014","journal-title":"The International Journal of Human Resource Management"},{"volume-title":"Qualitative Studies in Psychology Qualitative Data: An Introduction to Coding and Analysis","year":"2003","key":"key2024022316085428900_ref002"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2024022316085428900_ref003","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1108\/IJEBR-01-2017-0035","article-title":"From mixed embeddedness to transnational mixed embeddedness: an exploration of Vietnamese businesses in London","volume":"24","year":"2018","journal-title":"International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior and Research"},{"issue":"3","key":"key2024022316085428900_ref004","first-page":"381","article-title":"International entrepreneurship: a critical review of the research field","volume":"13","year":"2019","journal-title":"European Journal of International Management"},{"issue":"2","key":"key2024022316085428900_ref005","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.6092\/issn.1971-8853\/8617","article-title":"Mixed embeddedness and migrant entrepreneurship: Hints on past and future directions an introduction","volume":"12","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sociologica"},{"volume-title":"The Chinese in Europe","year":"2016","key":"key2024022316085428900_ref006"},{"issue":"5","key":"key2024022316085428900_ref007","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"974","DOI":"10.1108\/IJEBR-03-2018-0114","article-title":"Making sense of mixed-embeddedness in migrant informal enterprising: the role of community and capital","volume":"25","year":"2019","journal-title":"International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior and Research"},{"issue":"3","key":"key2024022316085428900_ref008","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2049","DOI":"10.1108\/JGM-05-2021-0054","article-title":"Two decades of research into SIEs and what we know? 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