{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,9]],"date-time":"2026-03-09T22:40:16Z","timestamp":1773096016509,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"Emerald","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"\n Purpose<\/jats:title>\n This study aims to examine the use of the serious game FLIGBY to recognize and enhance conflict management skills in international business education. It explores how the game\u2019s realistic scenarios and embedded conflict resolution frameworks (i.e. Thomas\u2212Kilmann Instrument, Interest-Based Relational approach and Harvard Negotiation Principles) support the development of key competencies through experiential, gamified learning.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Design\/methodology\/approach<\/jats:title>\n This study analyzes data from 16,597 FLIGBY players using multiple regression models to examine how the game facilitates the recognition of conflict situations and the application of resolution strategies. The risk-free, simulated environment of FLIGBY provides a controlled setting to assess players\u2019 conflict management competencies.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Findings<\/jats:title>\n The findings demonstrate that serious games like FLIGBY not only enhance students\u2019 understanding of conflict management theories but also actively support the development of practical skills and self-awareness. Players are challenged to analyze interpersonal dynamics, make strategic decisions and reflect on the outcomes of their actions, fostering the development of conflict management skills.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Originality\/value<\/jats:title>\n The inclusion of FLIGBY in a business education program has the potential to facilitate experiential learning in conflict management, which is a key topic in international business. Furthermore, it offers data-driven insights into how individuals and teams approach conflict resolutions which may be relevant to refine theoretical models based on gameplay analytics.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1108\/jieb-08-2025-0110","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,9]],"date-time":"2026-03-09T12:26:07Z","timestamp":1773059167000},"page":"1-19","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Adoption of an interactive serious game for developing conflict management skills in international business education"],"prefix":"10.1108","author":[{"given":"Fernando","family":"Almeida","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"ISPGAYA School of Science and Technology, , Vila Nova de Gaia, , and CITE, INESC TEC, Porto,","place":["Portugal Portugal"]}]},{"given":"Zoltan","family":"Buzady","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Corvinus University of Budapest Corvinus Business School, , Budapest,","place":["Hungary"]}]}],"member":"140","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,11]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"2026030908260132300_ref001","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"740","DOI":"10.3102\/0034654315577210","article-title":"Gameplay engagement and learning in game-based learning: a systematic review","volume":"85","author":"Abdul Jabbar","year":"2015","journal-title":"Review of Educational Research"},{"issue":"8","key":"2026030908260132300_ref002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.36347\/sjet.2023.v11i08.001","article-title":"Conflict resolution in team: analyzing the of conflicts and best skills for resolution","volume":"11","author":"Adham","year":"2023","journal-title":"Scholars Journal of Engineering and Technology"},{"issue":"2","key":"2026030908260132300_ref003","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1080\/08975930.2021.1987021","article-title":"Cross-cultural competence development for business students","volume":"32","author":"Aggarwal","year":"2021","journal-title":"Journal of Teaching in International Business"},{"issue":"5","key":"2026030908260132300_ref004","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.3390\/fi16050177","article-title":"Teamwork conflict management training and conflict resolution practice via large language models","volume":"16","author":"Aggarwal","year":"2024","journal-title":"Future Internet"},{"issue":"2","key":"2026030908260132300_ref005","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.1108\/PRR-08-2021-0040","article-title":"The influence of emotional intelligence and personal styles of dealing with conflict on strategic decisions","volume":"8","author":"Alharbi","year":"2024","journal-title":"PSU Research Review"},{"key":"2026030908260132300_ref006","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101354","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tsc.2023.101354","article-title":"Developing critical thinking skills through gamification","volume":"49","author":"Angelelli","year":"2023","journal-title":"Thinking Skills and Creativity"},{"issue":"4","key":"2026030908260132300_ref007","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.63516\/01.04\/006","article-title":"Emotional intelligence and its role in enhancing workplace collaboration","volume":"1","author":"Atif","year":"2024","journal-title":"Archives of Management and Social Sciences"},{"issue":"10","key":"2026030908260132300_ref008","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1115","DOI":"10.3390\/educsci14101115","article-title":"Enhancing learning engagement: a study on gamification\u2019s influence on motivation and cognitive load","volume":"14","author":"Baah","year":"2024","journal-title":"Education Sciences"},{"issue":"2","key":"2026030908260132300_ref009","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.1016\/0749-5978(91)90022-L","article-title":"Social cognitive theory of self-regulation","volume":"50","author":"Bandura","year":"1991","journal-title":"Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes"},{"key":"2026030908260132300_ref010","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"306","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2018.11.030","article-title":"Gamification and serious games: a literature meta-analysis and integrative model","volume":"92","author":"Baptista","year":"2019","journal-title":"Computers in Human Behavior"},{"key":"2026030908260132300_ref011","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"376","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2018.00376","article-title":"Developing organizational competences for conflict management: the use of the prisoner\u2019s dilemma in higher education","volume":"9","author":"Bruno","year":"2018","journal-title":"Frontiers in Psychology"},{"issue":"21","key":"2026030908260132300_ref012","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11214","DOI":"10.3390\/app122111214","article-title":"Gamified digital game-based learning as a pedagogical strategy: student academic performance and motivation","volume":"12","author":"Camacho-S\u00e1nchez","year":"2022","journal-title":"Applied Sciences"},{"key":"2026030908260132300_ref013","volume-title":"Flow: The Psychology of Optimal Experience","author":"Csikszentmihalyi","year":"1990"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026030908260132300_ref014","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1108\/JIEB-04-2022-0025","article-title":"Digital serious game to engage business students in active lectures: a pilot study","volume":"16","author":"Endress","year":"2022","journal-title":"Journal of International Education in Business"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026030908260132300_ref015","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.5751\/ES-13862-280130","article-title":"Games for experiential learning: triggering collective changes in commons management","volume":"28","author":"Falk","year":"2023","journal-title":"Ecology and Society"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026030908260132300_ref016","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1002\/tie.22276","article-title":"Business (un)usual: critical skills for the next normal","volume":"65","author":"Ferreira","year":"2023","journal-title":"Thunderbird International Business Review"},{"key":"2026030908260132300_ref017","volume-title":"Getting to Yes: Negotiating Agreement Without Giving In","author":"Fisher","year":"1981"},{"issue":"3","key":"2026030908260132300_ref018","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101261","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijme.2025.101261","article-title":"Digital business simulation games in higher education during armed conflicts","volume":"23","author":"Gawe\u0142","year":"2025","journal-title":"The International Journal of Management Education"},{"issue":"10","key":"2026030908260132300_ref019","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.3390\/soc13100223","article-title":"Raising students\u2019 self-awareness of their conflict communication styles: insights from an intercultural telecollaboration project","volume":"13","author":"Golubeva","year":"2023","journal-title":"Societies"},{"issue":"2","key":"2026030908260132300_ref020","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1007\/s12599-019-00579-2","article-title":"Developing serious games with integrated debriefing","volume":"62","author":"Grund","year":"2020","journal-title":"Business and Information Systems Engineering"},{"key":"2026030908260132300_ref021","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100047","DOI":"10.1016\/j.plas.2022.100047","article-title":"How might serious games trigger a transformation in project management education? Lessons learned from 10 years of experimentations","volume":"3","author":"Jaccard","year":"2022","journal-title":"Project Leadership and Society"},{"issue":"3","key":"2026030908260132300_ref022","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-7152(97)00020-5","article-title":"A multivariate Kolmogorov-Smirnov test of goodness of fit","volume":"35","author":"Justel","year":"1997","journal-title":"Statistics and Probability Letters"},{"issue":"6","key":"2026030908260132300_ref023","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"558","DOI":"10.4097\/kja.19087","article-title":"Multicollinearity and misleading statistical results","volume":"72","author":"Kim","year":"2019","journal-title":"Korean Journal of Anesthesiology"},{"key":"2026030908260132300_ref024","volume-title":"Experiential Learning: Experience as a Source of Learning and Development","author":"Kolb","year":"1984"},{"key":"2026030908260132300_ref025","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104956","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2022.104956","article-title":"First few seconds for flow: a comprehensive proposal of the neurobiology and neurodynamics of state onset","volume":"143","author":"Kotler","year":"2022","journal-title":"Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026030908260132300_ref026","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1007\/s11031-021-09911-4","article-title":"Flow theory: advancing the two-dimensional conceptualization","volume":"46","author":"Lavoie","year":"2022","journal-title":"Motivation and Emotion"},{"key":"2026030908260132300_ref027","first-page":"111","volume-title":"Handbook of Game-Based Learning","author":"Loderer","year":"2020"},{"issue":"3","key":"2026030908260132300_ref028","first-page":"102","article-title":"Conflict management strategies in coping with students\u2019 disruptive behaviors in the classroom: systematized review","volume":"6","author":"Mahvar","year":"2018","journal-title":"Journal of Advances in Medical Education and Professionalism"},{"issue":"2","key":"2026030908260132300_ref029","first-page":"1","article-title":"Promoting self-awareness and conflict management skills in amulticultural setting","volume":"15","author":"Malherbe","year":"2023","journal-title":"African Journal of Health Professions Education"},{"issue":"2","key":"2026030908260132300_ref030","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1108\/IJCMA-05-2023-0088","article-title":"United we stand: a principle-based negotiation training for collective bargaining","volume":"35","author":"Mann","year":"2024","journal-title":"International Journal of Conflict Management"},{"issue":"10","key":"2026030908260132300_ref031","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10494820.2023.2253849","article-title":"Serious games to assess university students\u2019 soft skills: investigating the effectiveness of a gamified assessment prototype","volume":"32","author":"Marengo","year":"2024","journal-title":"Interactive Learning Environments"},{"issue":"6","key":"2026030908260132300_ref032","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1432","DOI":"10.3390\/electronics12061432","article-title":"Serious games and soft skills in higher education: a case study of the design of compete!","volume":"12","author":"McGowan","year":"2023","journal-title":"Electronics"},{"issue":"5","key":"2026030908260132300_ref033","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"460","DOI":"10.1108\/ER-10-2011-0057","article-title":"Interest-based bargaining: efficient, amicable and wise?","volume":"35","author":"Michael","year":"2013","journal-title":"Employee Relations"},{"key":"2026030908260132300_ref034","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.4018\/978-1-5225-0460-3.ch013","volume-title":"Applied Chaos and Complexity Theory in Education","author":"Miiro","year":"2016"},{"key":"2026030908260132300_ref035","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.47176\/mjiri.38.24","article-title":"Teaching conflict management skills to medical students: a scoping review","volume":"38","author":"Mohseni","year":"2024","journal-title":"Medical Journal of the Islamic Republic Of Iran"},{"issue":"4","key":"2026030908260132300_ref036","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"729","DOI":"10.1057\/palgrave.jibs.8490050","article-title":"Conflict management style: accounting for cross-national differences","volume":"29","author":"Morris","year":"1998","journal-title":"Journal of International Business Studies"},{"key":"2026030908260132300_ref037","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.34190\/ecgbl.17.1.1375","article-title":"A conflict management game in project-based learning","author":"Munkvold","year":"2023"},{"key":"2026030908260132300_ref038","volume-title":"Research Design and Statistical Analysis","author":"Myers","year":"2010"},{"issue":"12","key":"2026030908260132300_ref039","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1245","DOI":"10.3390\/educsci13121245","article-title":"Addressing potential conflict among university students during collaborative tasks","volume":"13","author":"Omodan","year":"2023","journal-title":"Education Sciences"},{"issue":"3","key":"2026030908260132300_ref040","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"416","DOI":"10.1108\/JIEB-08-2023-0054","article-title":"Playing to learn: developing self-directed learning skills through serious games","volume":"17","author":"Pacheco-Velazquez","year":"2024","journal-title":"Journal of International Education in Business"},{"key":"2026030908260132300_ref041","volume-title":"Managing Conflicts in Organizations","author":"Rahim","year":"2011"},{"key":"2026030908260132300_ref042","volume-title":"The Art and Science of Negotiation","author":"Raiffa","year":"1982"},{"issue":"3","key":"2026030908260132300_ref0043","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.51329\/mehdiophthal1506","article-title":"Application and interpretation of linear-regression analysis","volume":"13","author":"Roustaei","year":"2024","journal-title":"Medical Hypothesis, Discovery and Innovation in Ophthalmology"},{"key":"2026030908260132300_ref043","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101860","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cedpsych.2020.101860","article-title":"Intrinsic and extrinsic motivation from a self-determination theory perspective: definitions, theory, practices, and future directions","volume":"61","author":"Ryan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Contemporary Educational Psychology"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026030908260132300_ref044","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1177\/1368430212439907","article-title":"A meta-analytical review of the relationship between emotional intelligence and leaders\u2019 constructive conflict management","volume":"16","author":"Schlaerth","year":"2013","journal-title":"Group Processes and Intergroup Relations"},{"key":"2026030908260132300_ref045","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111871","DOI":"10.1016\/j.paid.2022.111871","article-title":"The connection between mindfulness and flow: a meta-analysis","volume":"200","author":"Schutte","year":"2023","journal-title":"Personality and Individual Differences"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026030908260132300_ref046","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1037\/0003-066X.55.1.5","article-title":"Positive psychology: an introduction","volume":"55","author":"Seligman","year":"2000","journal-title":"American Psychologist"},{"key":"2026030908260132300_ref047","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"542","DOI":"10.54097\/hset.v49i.8611","article-title":"Multiple regression: methodology and applications","volume":"49","author":"Sun","year":"2023","journal-title":"Highlights in Science, Engineering and Technology"},{"issue":"3","key":"2026030908260132300_ref048","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"252","DOI":"10.1177\/1555412016673262","article-title":"The design and development of serious games using iterative evaluation","volume":"12","author":"Symborski","year":"2017","journal-title":"Games and Culture"},{"key":"2026030908260132300_ref049","volume-title":"Thomas-Kilmann Conflict Mode Instrument (TKI)","author":"Thomas","year":"1974"},{"key":"2026030908260132300_ref050","first-page":"1","article-title":"Influence of conflict resolution training on conflict handling styles of college students","volume":"28","author":"Waithaka","year":"2015","journal-title":"Research in Higher Education Journal"},{"issue":"2","key":"2026030908260132300_ref051","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1016\/j.paid.2008.03.010","article-title":"Predicting interpersonal conflict resolution styles from personality characteristics","volume":"45","author":"Wood","year":"2008","journal-title":"Personality and Individual Differences"},{"issue":"2","key":"2026030908260132300_ref052","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.22682\/bcrp.2018.1.2.70","article-title":"Development of a conceptual model and questionnaire of principled negotiation","volume":"1","author":"Zhang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Business Communication Research and Practice"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026030908260132300_ref053","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"92948","DOI":"10.1525\/collabra.92948","article-title":"Developments and trends in flow research over 40 years: a bibliometric analysis","volume":"10","author":"Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Collabra: Psychology"}],"container-title":["Journal of International Education in Business"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/jieb\/article-pdf\/doi\/10.1108\/JIEB-08-2025-0110\/11300614\/jieb-08-2025-0110en.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/jieb\/article-pdf\/doi\/10.1108\/JIEB-08-2025-0110\/11300614\/jieb-08-2025-0110en.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,9]],"date-time":"2026-03-09T12:26:11Z","timestamp":1773059171000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/jieb\/article\/doi\/10.1108\/JIEB-08-2025-0110\/1346071\/Adoption-of-an-interactive-serious-game-for"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,11]]},"references-count":54,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1108\/jieb-08-2025-0110","relation":{},"ISSN":["2046-469X","1836-3261"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2046-469X","type":"print"},{"value":"1836-3261","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,11]]}}}