{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,23]],"date-time":"2025-10-23T11:11:05Z","timestamp":1761217865786,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"Emerald","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,11]],"date-time":"2016-04-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1460332800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/site-policies"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,11]]},"abstract":"\n Purpose<\/jats:title>\n \u2013 The purpose of this paper is to present a case study of cracks on external thermal insulation composite systems (ETICS) along the thermal insulation joints and the information available on the building pathology catalogue \u2013 PATORREB. The aim is to establish the methodology to study the cause of the pathology observed on a building which is located on the interior of Portugal based on in situ probing together with the analysis of hygrothermal and mechanical behaviour. <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Design\/methodology\/approach<\/jats:title>\n \u2013 An in situ analysis was performed to assess the causes. The hygrothermal dynamic behaviour of the wall was analysed with a numerical simulation advanced tool considering the climatic conditions, the characteristics of the thermal insulation plates as well as the support and finishing layer properties. Moreover, a qualitatively analysis of the mechanical behaviour, based on the bonding process, thermal insulation and exterior rendering properties was performed. <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Findings<\/jats:title>\n \u2013 It was concluded that the insulation properties \u2013 thermal expansion coefficient and stiffness, the thermal expansion coefficient of the exterior rendering, together with adverse climatic conditions were critical for the appearance of cracks along the plate joints, particularly with spot bonding. The expansion and retraction stresses and the restrained movements of the components can result in bending moments, especially when the insulation material has a high stiffness value, which will create the crack on the rendering system. <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Originality\/value<\/jats:title>\n \u2013 A combination between a hygrothermal and mechanical analysis of an ETICS pathology concerning the appearance of cracks with a subsequent integration into a building pathology catalogue.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1108\/ss-09-2015-0043","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,31]],"date-time":"2016-03-31T03:45:27Z","timestamp":1459395927000},"page":"57-72","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Cracks on ETICS along thermal insulation joints: case study and a pathology catalogue"],"prefix":"10.1108","volume":"34","author":[{"given":"Sara Stingl de","family":"Freitas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Vasco Peixoto","family":"de Freitas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"140","reference":[{"key":"key2020121623051082100_b1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Amaro, B.\n , \n Saraiva, D.\n , \n Brito, J. de\n and \n Flores-Cohen, I.\n (2013), \u201cInspection and diagnosis system of ETICS on walls\u201d, \n Construction and Building Materials\n , Vol. 47, October, pp. 1257-1267, available at: http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2013.06.024","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2013.06.024"},{"key":"key2020121623051082100_b2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Amaro, B.\n , \n Saraiva, D.\n , \n Brito, J. de\n and \n Flores-Cohen, I.\n (2014), \u201cStatistical survey of the pathology, diagnosis and rehabilitation of ETICS in walls\u201d, \n Journal of Civil Engineering and Management\n , Vol. 20 No. 4, pp. 511-526.","DOI":"10.3846\/13923730.2013.801923"},{"key":"key2020121623051082100_b3","unstructured":"Barreira, E.\n and \n de Freitas, V.P.\n (2008), \u201cDefacement of ETICS cladding due to hygrothermal behavior\u201d, Proccedings of the 11th International Conference on Durability of Building Materials and Components, Istanbul, 11-14 May."},{"key":"key2020121623051082100_b4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Barreira, E.\n and \n de Freitas, V.P.\n (2014), \u201cExternal thermal insulation composite systems: critical parameters for surface hygrothermal behaviour\u201d, \n Advances in Materials Science and Engineering\n , Vol. 2014, Article ID 650752, p. 16, http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1155\/2014\/650752","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/650752"},{"key":"key2020121623051082100_b5","unstructured":"Daniotti, B.\n , \n Re Cecconi, F.\n , \n Paolini, R.\n , \n Galliano, R.\n , \n Ferrer, J.\n and \n Battaglia, L.\n (2012), \u201cDurability evaluation of ETICS: analysis of failures case studies and heat and moisture transfer simulations to assess the frequency of critical events\u201d, Proceedings of 4th Portuguese Conference on Mortars \n\t\t\t\t\t&\n\t\t\t\t ETICS, Coimbra, 29-30 March."},{"key":"key2020121623051082100_b6","unstructured":"de Freitas, V.P.\n (2002), \u201cIsolamento t\u00e9rmico de fachadas pelo exterior. Reboco delgado armado sobre poliestireno expandido \u2013 ETICS\u201d, Prof Eng. Vasco Peixoto de Freitas, L.da-Relat\u00f3rio No. HT 191A\/02, Porto."},{"key":"key2020121623051082100_b7","unstructured":"Duarte, C.\n (2011), \u201cThe Europe of mortars and ETICS. Trends, perspectives and opportunities\u201d, IX SBTA \u2013 Brazilian Symposium of Mortars Technology, Belo Horizonte, pp. 7-16."},{"key":"key2020121623051082100_b8","unstructured":"European Organisation For Technical Approvals\n (2000), \u201cGuideline for European technical approval of external thermal insulation composite systems with rendering\u201d, ETAG No. 004, EOTA, Brussels."},{"key":"key2020121623051082100_b9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Flores-Colen, I.\n , \n de Brito, J.\n and \n Freitas, V.P.\n (2008), \u201cStains in facades\u2019 rendering \u2013 diagnosis and maintenance technique classification inspection\u201d, \n Construction and Building Materials\n , Vol. 22 No. 3, pp. 211-221.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2006.08.023"},{"key":"key2020121623051082100_b10","unstructured":"K\u00fcnzel, H.\n (1995), \u201cSimultaneous heat and moisture transport in building components \u2013 one and two-dimensional calculation using simple parameters\u201d, IRB Verlag, Universit\u00e4t Stuttgart."},{"key":"key2020121623051082100_b11","unstructured":"K\u00fcnzel, H.\n , \n K\u00fcnzel, H.M.\n and \n Sedlbauer, K.\n (2006), \u201cLong-term performance of external thermal insulation systems (ETICS)\u201d, \n Architectura\n , Vol. 5 No. 1, pp. 11-24."},{"key":"key2020121623051082100_b12","unstructured":"Porteous, W.A.\n (1994), \u201cLearning from aggregated building failures\u201d, Proceedings of CIB W86 Symposium \u201cDealing with Defects in Buildings\u201d, September, pp. 65-74."},{"key":"key2020121623051082100_b13","unstructured":"WUFI\n (2014), \u201cWUFI Pro 5.3 Fraunhofer \u2013 IBP\u201d, Holzkirchen."}],"container-title":["Structural Survey"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.emeraldinsight.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1108\/SS-09-2015-0043","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/content\/doi\/10.1108\/SS-09-2015-0043\/full\/xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/content\/doi\/10.1108\/SS-09-2015-0043\/full\/html","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,24]],"date-time":"2025-07-24T21:44:02Z","timestamp":1753393442000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.emerald.com\/ijbpa\/article\/34\/1\/57-72\/341314"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Vasco","family":"Peixoto de Freitas and Jo\u00e3o M.P.Q. Delgado","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,11]]},"references-count":13,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1108\/SS-09-2015-0043"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1108\/ss-09-2015-0043","relation":{},"ISSN":["0263-080X"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0263-080X"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,11]]}}}