{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,29]],"date-time":"2026-01-29T12:59:44Z","timestamp":1769691584281,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":127,"publisher":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,1]],"date-time":"2018-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1514764800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/Xplorehelp\/downloads\/license-information\/OAPA.html"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001843","name":"Science and Engineering Research Board","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ECR\/2016\/000406\/ES"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ECR\/2016\/000406\/ES"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001843","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"scheme Early Career Research Award"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IEEE Access"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018]]},"DOI":"10.1109\/access.2018.2833632","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,6]],"date-time":"2018-06-06T19:01:07Z","timestamp":1528311667000},"page":"26971-26992","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":148,"title":["Coverage and Connectivity in WSNs: A Survey, Research Issues and Challenges"],"prefix":"10.1109","volume":"6","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2185-3662","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abhishek","family":"Tripathi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Hari Prabhat","family":"Gupta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Tanima","family":"Dutta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Rahul","family":"Mishra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"K. K.","family":"Shukla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"S.","family":"Jit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICC.2016.7511232"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICC.2017.7997293"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JSYST.2014.2333656"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/INFOCOM.2015.7218385"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/GLOCOM.2007.984"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/WCNC.2004.1311452"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/GLOCOM.2016.7841593"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/INFOCOM.2015.7218388"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICC.2017.7996853"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/GLOCOM.2015.7417482"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1161089.1161128"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JSEN.2015.2471837"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1815396.1815657"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/COMSNETS.2013.6465580"},{"key":"ref22","year":"2018","journal-title":"Hardware Survey"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1077391.1077394"},{"key":"ref24","first-page":"60","article-title":"Occupancy grids: A stochastic spatial representation for active robot perception","author":"elfes","year":"1990","journal-title":"Proc 6th Conf Uncertainty AI"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICC.2015.7248303"},{"key":"ref101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCYB.2015.2450836"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICC.2016.7511421"},{"key":"ref100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TC.2015.2485204"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TMC.2009.147"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/GLOCOM.2015.7417792"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TC.2011.82"},{"key":"ref59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCNS.2015.2512326"},{"key":"ref58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LSP.2013.2272400"},{"key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TVT.2014.2302232"},{"key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TII.2013.2280095"},{"key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TAC.2014.2368233"},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICC.2016.7510605"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2017.2713640"},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TVT.2008.926216"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JSEN.2016.2571064"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCST.2017.2758344"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MASS.2015.115"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JSEN.2015.2474711"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TAC.2016.2521370"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TAC.2015.2409903"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LCN.2015.7366301"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPDS.2014.2333011"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICC.2017.7996897"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICC.2016.7510979"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/INFOCOM.2015.7218437"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/INFOCOM.2015.7218513"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/GLOCOM.2015.7417409"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICC.2015.7249400"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/GLOCOM.2016.7842033"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/GLOCOM.2016.7842336"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LCN.2015.7366355"},{"key":"ref127","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCYB.2016.2585745"},{"key":"ref126","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TMC.2004.23"},{"key":"ref125","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPDS.2008.146"},{"key":"ref124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/INFCOM.2009.5061943"},{"key":"ref73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2017.2682845"},{"key":"ref72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1049\/iet-wss.2017.0020"},{"key":"ref71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICIT.2012.6209909"},{"key":"ref70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1049\/iet-wss.2011.0092"},{"key":"ref76","first-page":"1590","article-title":"Applications of wireless sensor networks for area coverage in microgrids","volume":"9","author":"shahidehpour","year":"2018","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Smart Grid"},{"key":"ref77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1287853.1287860"},{"key":"ref74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TII.2017.2764038"},{"key":"ref75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TNET.2016.2574563"},{"key":"ref78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1570-8705(03)00048-9"},{"key":"ref79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/570738.570744"},{"key":"ref60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCNS.2016.2547579"},{"key":"ref62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/11600930_58"},{"key":"ref61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JSYST.2014.2325219"},{"key":"ref63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/SAHCN.2004.1381939"},{"key":"ref64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1138127.1138131"},{"key":"ref65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LCN.2004.53"},{"key":"ref66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ISVD.2010.36"},{"key":"ref67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/11596356_25"},{"key":"ref68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/11502593_26"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCNS.2016.2515370"},{"key":"ref69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TMC.2006.80"},{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TMC.2016.2636832"},{"key":"ref109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TNET.2005.863478"},{"key":"ref95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2017.2713442"},{"key":"ref108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1201\/9780203323687.ch28"},{"key":"ref94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LCOMM.2017.2694432"},{"key":"ref107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TAC.2014.2366611"},{"key":"ref93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JSYST.2017.2777866"},{"key":"ref106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TNET.2016.2531688"},{"key":"ref92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TNET.2017.2756925"},{"key":"ref105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JSEN.2016.2532389"},{"key":"ref91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TMSCS.2017.2672553"},{"key":"ref104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TWC.2016.2518689"},{"key":"ref90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2017.2740382"},{"key":"ref103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JSEN.2015.2429914"},{"key":"ref102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TC.2015.2423679"},{"key":"ref111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.comcom.2004.12.025"},{"key":"ref112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11036-005-1564-y"},{"key":"ref110","first-page":"373","article-title":"Connected K-coverage problem in sensor networks","author":"zhou","year":"2004","journal-title":"Proc IC3N"},{"key":"ref98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JSEN.2017.2755122"},{"key":"ref99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2016.2592184"},{"key":"ref96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TMC.2017.2751040"},{"key":"ref97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LSENS.2017.2724846"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICC.2015.7249341"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICC.2017.7997084"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pmcj.2015.08.004"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TII.2016.2603845"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JSAC.2010.100903"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TVT.2017.2681692"},{"key":"ref118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JSEN.2016.2541159"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JSEN.2016.2590572"},{"key":"ref82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/INFOCOM.2006.290"},{"key":"ref117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2658","DOI":"10.1109\/TIT.2005.862092","article-title":"Coverage by randomly deployed wireless sensor networks","volume":"52","author":"wan","year":"2006","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Inf Theory"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2018.2792678"},{"key":"ref81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1023720.1023735"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TVT.2015.2508801"},{"key":"ref84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPDS.2007.28"},{"key":"ref119","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TITS.2014.2379699"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/GLOCOM.2016.7842310"},{"key":"ref83","first-page":"475","article-title":"A study of the coverage of large-scale sensor networks","author":"liu","year":"2004","journal-title":"Proc MASS"},{"key":"ref114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10878-007-9072-6"},{"key":"ref113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1210669.1210674"},{"key":"ref116","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TWC.2014.022714.131454"},{"key":"ref80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1145\/989459.989475","article-title":"On deriving the upper bound of $\\alpha$ -lifetime for large sensor networks","author":"zhang","year":"2004","journal-title":"Proc MobiHoc"},{"key":"ref115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TC.2009.166"},{"key":"ref120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TC.2002.1146711"},{"key":"ref89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JSEN.2016.2633409"},{"key":"ref121","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/INFCOM.2005.1498475"},{"key":"ref122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TC.2007.1019"},{"key":"ref123","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MSPEC.2004.1279193"},{"key":"ref85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TMC.2007.1032"},{"key":"ref86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TMC.2008.68"},{"key":"ref87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TMC.2016.2606403"},{"key":"ref88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TII.2015.2513767"}],"container-title":["IEEE Access"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx7\/6287639\/8274985\/08372454.pdf?arnumber=8372454","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,3]],"date-time":"2023-09-03T01:36:08Z","timestamp":1693704968000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/8372454\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018]]},"references-count":127,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/access.2018.2833632","relation":{},"ISSN":["2169-3536"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2169-3536","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018]]}}}