{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,16]],"date-time":"2026-05-16T16:18:58Z","timestamp":1778948338557,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,1]],"date-time":"2018-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1514764800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/Xplorehelp\/downloads\/license-information\/USG.html"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000149","name":"Division of Engineering Education and Centers","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["EEC-1041877"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["EEC-1041877"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000149","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000001","name":"National Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ECCS-1610025"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ECCS-1610025"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000001","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IEEE Access"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018]]},"DOI":"10.1109\/access.2018.2851022","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,27]],"date-time":"2018-06-27T14:41:17Z","timestamp":1530110477000},"page":"37784-37795","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":49,"title":["Simulation of Cascading Outages Using a Power-Flow Model Considering Frequency"],"prefix":"10.1109","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Wenyun","family":"Ju","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0305-2725","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kai","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0227-2750","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rui","family":"Yao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.epsr.2013.10.001"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.epsr.2012.03.004"},{"key":"ref33","article-title":"Probabilistic dynamic load flow algorithm considering static security risk of the power system","author":"bei","year":"2015","journal-title":"Proc Int Conf Elect Utility Deregulation Restructuring Power Technol"},{"key":"ref32","first-page":"1","article-title":"Power system risk assessment method based on dynamic power flow","author":"ye","year":"2016","journal-title":"Proc Int Conf Probabilistic Methods Appl Power Syst"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijepes.2014.02.030"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0142-0615(88)90022-1"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/etep.2459"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/tee.21950"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ISGT-LA.2013.6554384"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/SUPERGEN.2009.5348257"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0142-0615(97)00084-7"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1016\/0142-0615(81)90011-9","article-title":"Calculation of steady-state load flows incorporating system control effects and consumer self-regulation characteristics","volume":"3","author":"s","year":"1981","journal-title":"Int J Elect Power Energy Syst"},{"key":"ref29","first-page":"20","article-title":"The improvement of dynamic power flow calculation in dispatcher training simulator","volume":"23","author":"hai","year":"1999","journal-title":"Autom Elect Power Syst"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICIINFS.2009.5429818"},{"key":"ref1","year":"2004","journal-title":"Final Report on the August 14 2003 Blackout in the United States and Canada Causes and Recommendations"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPWRS.2015.2439214"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPWRS.2017.2688921"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.epsr.2017.07.021"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/T-PAS.1975.31938"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPWRS.2005.857942"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/59.336121"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPWRS.1986.4334950"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CDC.2016.7798692"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/HICSS.2001.926274"},{"key":"ref40","year":"2012","journal-title":"Automatic Underfrequency Load Shedding"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"814","DOI":"10.1109\/TPWRS.2009.2016521","article-title":"An improved OPA model and blackout risk assessment","volume":"24","author":"mei","year":"2009","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Power Syst"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1719","DOI":"10.1109\/TPWRS.2008.2002295","article-title":"A study of self-organized criticality of power system under cascading failures based on AC-OPF with voltage stability margin","volume":"23","author":"mei","year":"2008","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Power Syst"},{"key":"ref13","article-title":"TRELSS: A computer program for transmission reliability evaluation of large-scale systems","author":"bhavaraju","year":"1992"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijepes.2006.03.006"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijepes.2004.12.003"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPWRS.2014.2337284"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JETCAS.2017.2703948"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPWRS.2015.2466116"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPWRS.2015.2439237"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/HICSS.2004.1265184"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPWRS.2011.2177868"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPWRS.2012.2183624"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0269964805050023"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1539-6924.2010.01369.x"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1137\/S0036144595301140"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPWRS.2014.2361735"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPWRS.2016.2577633"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/PESGM.2015.7286002"},{"key":"ref45","first-page":"1","article-title":"Simulation and analysis of cascading failures on an NPCC power system test bed","author":"ju","year":"2015","journal-title":"Proc IEEE Power Energy Soc General Meeting"},{"key":"ref48","year":"2007","journal-title":"PSS\/E V32 User Manual"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/59.65898"},{"key":"ref42","volume":"29","year":"0"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/PSCE.2004.1397430"},{"key":"ref44","author":"kundur","year":"1994","journal-title":"Power System Stability and Control"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPWRS.2004.825871"}],"container-title":["IEEE Access"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx7\/6287639\/8274985\/08398202.pdf?arnumber=8398202","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,13]],"date-time":"2025-11-13T18:45:08Z","timestamp":1763059508000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/8398202\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018]]},"references-count":50,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/access.2018.2851022","relation":{},"ISSN":["2169-3536"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2169-3536","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018]]}}}