{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,28]],"date-time":"2026-03-28T16:48:15Z","timestamp":1774716495005,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,1]],"date-time":"2019-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1546300800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/legalcode"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["61662012"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["61662012"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Foundation of Key Laboratory of Cognitive Radio and Information Processing"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005372","name":"Guilin University of Electronic Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CRKL150105"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CRKL150105"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005372","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IEEE Access"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019]]},"DOI":"10.1109\/access.2019.2938303","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,29]],"date-time":"2019-08-29T20:07:40Z","timestamp":1567109260000},"page":"122183-122191","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Short Text Understanding Combining Text Conceptualization and Transformer Embedding"],"prefix":"10.1109","volume":"7","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5591-721X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jun","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Guimin","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Jianheng","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Yabing","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"key":"ref39","first-page":"126","article-title":"Opinion Retrieval Systems using Tweet-external Factors","author":"kim","year":"2016","journal-title":"Proc 26th Int Conf Comput Linguistics"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11280-013-0268-7"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1961209.1961211"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JPROC.2015.2483592"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/D18-1454"},{"key":"ref30","author":"radford","year":"2018","journal-title":"Improving language understanding by generative pre-training"},{"key":"ref37","article-title":"Layer normalization","author":"ba","year":"2016","journal-title":"arXiv 1607 06450"},{"key":"ref36","first-page":"1929","article-title":"Dropout: A simple way to prevent neural networks from overfitting","volume":"15","author":"srivastava","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Mach Learn Res"},{"key":"ref35","first-page":"3104","article-title":"Sequence to sequence learning with neural networks","author":"sutskever","year":"2014","journal-title":"Proc Adv Neural Inf Process Syst"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3115\/v1\/D14-1179"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TNNLS.2016.2582924"},{"key":"ref11","first-page":"5998","article-title":"Attention is all you need","author":"vaswani","year":"2017","journal-title":"Proc Adv Neural Inf Process Syst"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/P16-1086"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/P17-1171"},{"key":"ref14","article-title":"Reinforced mnemonic reader for machine reading comprehension","author":"hu","year":"2017","journal-title":"arXiv 1705 02798"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/P17-1004"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/361219.361220"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/JIFS-169475"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijar.2008.11.006"},{"key":"ref19","first-page":"3111","article-title":"Distributed representations of words and phrases and their compositionality","author":"mikolov","year":"2013","journal-title":"Proc Adv Neural Inf Process Syst"},{"key":"ref28","first-page":"1693","article-title":"Teaching machines to read and comprehend","author":"hermann","year":"2015","journal-title":"Proc Adv Neural Inf Process Syst"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TKDE.2016.2571687"},{"key":"ref27","first-page":"3264","article-title":"Query understanding through knowledge-based conceptualization","author":"wang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Proc 24th Int Joint Conf Artif Intell"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TKDE.2015.2485224"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijinfomgt.2014.09.004"},{"key":"ref29","first-page":"593","article-title":"Attention-over-attention neural networks for reading comprehension","author":"cui","year":"2016","journal-title":"Proc Annual Meeting of the Assoc Computational Linguistics"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aaf0941"},{"key":"ref8","first-page":"4444","article-title":"Conceptnet 5.5: An open multilingual graph of general knowledge","author":"speer","year":"2017","journal-title":"Proc 31st AAAI Conf Artif Intell"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11145-016-9628-x"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1390156.1390177"},{"key":"ref9","first-page":"802","article-title":"Convolutional LSTM network: A machine learning approach for precipitation nowcasting","author":"shi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Proc Adv Neural Inf Process Syst"},{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2018.2882878"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3115\/v1\/D14-1162"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2600428.2609628"},{"key":"ref21","article-title":"BERT: Pre-training of deep bidirectional transformers for language understanding","author":"devlin","year":"2018","journal-title":"arXiv 1810 04805"},{"key":"ref24","first-page":"2654","article-title":"Context-dependent conceptualization","author":"kim","year":"2013","journal-title":"Proc 23rd Int Joint Conf Artif Intell"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2808194.2809446"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2661829.2662067"},{"key":"ref25","first-page":"2330","article-title":"Short text conceptualization using a probabilistic knowledgebase","author":"song","year":"2011","journal-title":"Proc 22nd Int Joint Conf Artif Intell"}],"container-title":["IEEE Access"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx7\/6287639\/8600701\/08819947.pdf?arnumber=8819947","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,12]],"date-time":"2022-01-12T11:31:12Z","timestamp":1641987072000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/8819947\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019]]},"references-count":39,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/access.2019.2938303","relation":{},"ISSN":["2169-3536"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2169-3536","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019]]}}}