{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,7]],"date-time":"2026-04-07T08:24:53Z","timestamp":1775550293893,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,1]],"date-time":"2019-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1546300800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/legalcode"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IEEE Access"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019]]},"DOI":"10.1109\/access.2019.2948285","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,18]],"date-time":"2019-10-18T20:00:07Z","timestamp":1571428807000},"page":"152979-152989","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Navigation Aids in Collaborative Virtual Environments: Comparison of 3DML, Audio, Textual, Arrows-Casting"],"prefix":"10.1109","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Shah","family":"Khalid","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sehat","family":"Ullah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9087-4814","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Numan","family":"Ali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2116-1316","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aftab","family":"Alam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ihsan","family":"Rabbi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6625-6680","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Inam Ur","family":"Rehman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Muhammad","family":"Azhar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.171.3972.701"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10055-004-0124-2"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12008-018-0481-9"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03192559"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11633-009-0335-9"},{"key":"ref30","first-page":"145","article-title":"A review on effective closely-coupled collaboration using immersive CVE&#x2019;s","author":"otto","year":"2006","journal-title":"Proc ACM Int Conf Virtual Reality Continuum Appl"},{"key":"ref37","first-page":"1351","article-title":"Virtual reality technology applied in civil engineering education","volume":"4","author":"sampaio","year":"2006","journal-title":"Proc m-ICTE"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-74788-8_23"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICOSST.2014.7029326"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/17489720701584069"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvp.2004.08.006"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1504\/IJTEL.2010.031262"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/17489721003785602"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-9671.2008.01090.x"},{"key":"ref13","first-page":"284","article-title":"Evaluation framework for 3D collaborative virtual environments (the core)","author":"hanna","year":"2014","journal-title":"Proc PAC"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/240080.240193"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/scientificamerican1005-86"},{"key":"ref16","first-page":"365","article-title":"Map use and wayfinding strategies in a multi-building ensemble","author":"h\u00f6lscher","year":"2006","journal-title":"Proc Int'l Conf Spatial Cognition"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/17489720801905313"},{"key":"ref18","article-title":"The effect of task distribution model on student learning and performance in collaborative virtual environment","volume":"48","author":"khalid","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sindh Univ Res J -SURJ"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10447318.2017.1418804"},{"key":"ref28","first-page":"327","article-title":"Guiding techniques for collaborative exploration in multi-scale shared virtual environments","author":"nguyen","year":"2013","journal-title":"Proc Int Conf Comput Graph Theory Appl"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/scientificamerican0375-36"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cognition.2006.05.013"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10339-007-0199-2"},{"key":"ref6","first-page":"579","article-title":"Guiding exploration through three-dimensional virtual environments: A cognitive load reduction approach","volume":"19","author":"chen","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Interact Learn Res"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ROBOT.2002.1014424"},{"key":"ref5","first-page":"289","article-title":"A desktop virtual reality earth motion system in astronomy education","volume":"10","author":"chen","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Educ Technol Soc"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01409793"},{"key":"ref7","article-title":"Effective interaction techniques in information-rich virtual environments","author":"chen","year":"2003","journal-title":"Proc Young VR"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/238386.238404"},{"key":"ref9","author":"churchill","year":"2012","journal-title":"Collaborative Virtual Environments Digital Places and Spaces for Interaction"},{"key":"ref1","article-title":"A description of a dialog to enable interaction between interaction tools and 3D objects in collaborative virtual environments","author":"aguerreche","year":"2009"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TMI.2004.829332"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/COGINF.2006.365665"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13875861003770625"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0013916594261005"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-7091-6805-9_17"},{"key":"ref41","article-title":"Multi-modal interaction in collaborative virtual environments: Study and analysis of performance in collaborative work","author":"ullah","year":"2011"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-8306.2007.00524.x"},{"key":"ref44","first-page":"14","article-title":"A survey of security issues in collaborative virtual environment","volume":"8","author":"yong","year":"2008","journal-title":"Int J Comput Sci Netw Secur"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compedu.2006.12.008"},{"key":"ref43","first-page":"1","article-title":"A survey of collaborative virtual environment technologies","author":"wright","year":"2008"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1179\/1743277414Y.0000000101"}],"container-title":["IEEE Access"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx7\/6287639\/8600701\/08876589.pdf?arnumber=8876589","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,10]],"date-time":"2021-08-10T19:40:22Z","timestamp":1628624422000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/8876589\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019]]},"references-count":44,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/access.2019.2948285","relation":{},"ISSN":["2169-3536"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2169-3536","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019]]}}}