{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,15]],"date-time":"2026-06-15T01:44:49Z","timestamp":1781487889068,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":127,"publisher":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,1]],"date-time":"2019-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1546300800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/legalcode"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IEEE Access"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019]]},"DOI":"10.1109\/access.2019.2949744","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,28]],"date-time":"2019-10-28T23:29:28Z","timestamp":1572305368000},"page":"156620-156645","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":59,"title":["Computer-Vision Based Diagnosis of Parkinson\u2019s Disease via Gait: A Survey"],"prefix":"10.1109","volume":"7","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6640-2219","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Navleen","family":"Kour","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5180-244X","authenticated-orcid":false,"family":"Sunanda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sakshi","family":"Arora","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0966-6362(02)00004-8"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3362","DOI":"10.3390\/s140203362","article-title":"Gait analysis methods: An overview of wearable and non-wearable systems, highlighting clinical applications","volume":"14","author":"muro-de-la-herran","year":"2014","journal-title":"SENSORS"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14419\/ijet.v7i3.6.14953"},{"key":"ref32","year":"0","journal-title":"Frequently Asked Questions A Guide to Parkinson’s Disease"},{"key":"ref31","author":"standaert","year":"2008","journal-title":"Handbook of Parkinson's Disease"},{"key":"ref30","first-page":"16","article-title":"Neuro-degenerative disease diagnosis using human gait: A review","volume":"j7","author":"singh","year":"2013","journal-title":"Computer Science and Electronics"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.17305\/bjbms.2012.2484"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.10248"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s17071522"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compbiomed.2018.09.008"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.20452"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-199510000-00017"},{"key":"ref29","first-page":"176","article-title":"A systematic review on Parkinson’s disease (PD)","volume":"3","author":"rewar","year":"2015","journal-title":"Indian J Res Pharmacy Biotechnol"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00702-015-1439-8"},{"key":"ref22","author":"vaughan","year":"1992","journal-title":"Dynamics of Human Gait"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JBHI.2015.2464354"},{"key":"ref24","first-page":"78","article-title":"A review of gait cycle and its parameters","volume":"13","author":"kharb","year":"2011","journal-title":"IJCEM International Journal of Computational Engineering & Management"},{"key":"ref23","first-page":"152","author":"perry","year":"2010","journal-title":"Gait Analysis Normal and Pathological Function"},{"key":"ref101","year":"2018","journal-title":"PhysioNet"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7763\/IJMLC.2011.V1.56"},{"key":"ref100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TITB.2009.2036165"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10462-016-9514-6"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2011.07.042"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1186\/s12938-015-0092-7","article-title":"Motion tracking and gait feature estimation for recognising Parkinson’s disease using MS Kinect","volume":"14","author":"?upa","year":"2015","journal-title":"Biomed Eng Online"},{"key":"ref59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/afi192"},{"key":"ref58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0966-6362(01)00100-X"},{"key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2018.05.006"},{"key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2016.05.021"},{"key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2006.10.014"},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2014.01.008"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2982142.2982156"},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12859-018-2488-4"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cviu.2018.01.007"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/tee.22166"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2743","DOI":"10.3390\/s18092743","article-title":"Automatic classification of gait impairments using a markerless 2D video-based system","volume":"18","author":"verlekar","year":"2018","journal-title":"SENSORS"},{"key":"ref6","first-page":"1211","article-title":"Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 328 diseases and injuries for 195 countries, 1990–2016: A systematic analysis for the global burden of disease study 2016","volume":"390","author":"lancet","year":"2017","journal-title":"Global Health Metrics"},{"key":"ref5","author":"roser","year":"2018","journal-title":"NCMH Burden of disease"},{"key":"ref8","year":"2019","journal-title":"Parkinson Association of the Carolinas Statistics on Parkinson’s Disease"},{"key":"ref49","first-page":"211","article-title":"HMM based Parkinson’s detection by analysing symbolic postural gait image sequences","volume":"2","author":"shaw","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int Journal of Tech Res and App"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000495197"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijge.2013.03.005"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2009.10.013"},{"key":"ref45","first-page":"220","article-title":"Building a gait analysis framework for Parkinson’s disease patients: Motion capture and skeleton 3D representation","author":"pachoulakis","year":"2014","journal-title":"Proc IEEE Int Conf Telecommun Multimedia (TEMU)"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2008.08.076"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14802\/jmd.08011"},{"key":"ref42","year":"2018","journal-title":"Motion Capture"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-0-85729-994-9_5"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s18103549"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S0004-282X2010000100018"},{"key":"ref127","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/mhealth.2539"},{"key":"ref126","article-title":"Context-aware home monitoring system for Parkinson’s disease patients: Ambient and wearable sensing for freezing of gait detection","author":"takac","year":"2014"},{"key":"ref125","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TBME.2012.2227317"},{"key":"ref124","first-page":"461","article-title":"A Kinect based approach to assist in the diagnosis and quantification of Parkinson’s disease","author":"torres","year":"2015","journal-title":"VI Latin American Congress on Biomedical Engineering CLAIB 2014 Paraná Argentina 29 30 & 31 October 2014"},{"key":"ref73","first-page":"1664","article-title":"An online system for tracking the performance of Parkinson’s patients","author":"kuhner","year":"2017","journal-title":"Proc IEEE\/RSJ Int Conf Intell Robots Syst (IROS)"},{"key":"ref72","first-page":"3126","article-title":"Parkinson’s disease assessment based on gait analysis using an innovative RGB-D camera system","author":"rocha","year":"2014","journal-title":"Proc 36th Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc"},{"key":"ref71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1147\/JRD.2017.2768739"},{"key":"ref70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2018.00211"},{"key":"ref76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-925X-10-99"},{"key":"ref77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14419\/ijet.v7i3.29.18547"},{"key":"ref74","article-title":"Markerless analysis of gait patterns in the Parkinson’s disease","author":"alcazar","year":"2012"},{"key":"ref75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2017.12.002"},{"key":"ref78","first-page":"424","article-title":"A vision-based system for movement analysis in medical applications: The example of Parkinson disease","author":"spasojevi?","year":"2015","journal-title":"Proc Int Conf Comput Vis Syst"},{"key":"ref79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JBHI.2015.2450232"},{"key":"ref60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21329","DOI":"10.3390\/s141121329","article-title":"PERFORM: A system for monitoring, assessment and management of patients with Parkinson’s disease","volume":"14","author":"tzallas","year":"2014","journal-title":"SENSORS"},{"key":"ref62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.future.2018.02.009"},{"key":"ref61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compbiomed.2017.03.020"},{"key":"ref63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bspc.2016.08.022"},{"key":"ref64","first-page":"23","article-title":"Electromyography gait test for parkinson disease recognition using artificial neural network classification in Indonesia","volume":"12","author":"putri","year":"2016","journal-title":"Majalah Ilmiah Momentum"},{"key":"ref65","year":"2018","journal-title":"Motion Capture"},{"key":"ref66","year":"2019","journal-title":"Gait Analysis to Detect Alzheimer’s Disease"},{"key":"ref67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/BioCAS.2011.6107762"},{"key":"ref68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2018.03.047"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bspc.2017.06.015"},{"key":"ref69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2008\/380867"},{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compeleceng.2018.04.014"},{"key":"ref109","first-page":"871","article-title":"Toward a domestic system to assist people with Parkinson’s","volume":"19","author":"takac","year":"2013","journal-title":"SPIE Newsroom"},{"key":"ref95","first-page":"1","article-title":"Body movement monitoring for Parkinson’s disease patients using a smart sensor based non-invasive technique","author":"soltaninejad","year":"2018","journal-title":"Proc IEEE 20th Int Conf e-Health Netw Appl Services (Healthcom)"},{"key":"ref108","first-page":"1279","article-title":"Kinect V2 based system for Parkinson’s disease assessment","author":"rocha","year":"2015","journal-title":"Proc 37th Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc (EMBC)"},{"key":"ref94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/BIBM.2018.8621302"},{"key":"ref107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/17483107.2018.1467975"},{"key":"ref93","first-page":"265","article-title":"Classification of pathologies using a vision based feature extraction","author":"nieto-hidalgo","year":"2017","journal-title":"Proc Int Conf Ubiquitous Comput Ambient Intell"},{"key":"ref106","first-page":"731","article-title":"Recognition of postures and freezing of gait in Parkinson’s disease patients using Microsoft Kinect sensor","author":"bigy","year":"2015","journal-title":"Proc IEEE 7th Int IEEE\/EMBS Conf Neural Eng (NER)"},{"key":"ref92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1880","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2009.06.017","article-title":"Gait analysis in patients with Parkinson’s disease off dopaminergic therapy","volume":"90","author":"\u0161vehl\u00edk","year":"2009","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"ref105","first-page":"710","article-title":"Pathology classification of Gait human Gestures","author":"mart\u00ednez","year":"2011","journal-title":"Proc Int Joint Conf Comput Vis Imag Comput Graph Theory Appl (VISAPP)"},{"key":"ref91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1589\/jpts.24.553"},{"key":"ref104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2013.11.021"},{"key":"ref90","first-page":"3720","article-title":"Gait analysis based approach for Parkinson’s disease modeling with decision tree classifiers","author":"krajushkina","year":"2018","journal-title":"Proc IEEE Int Conf Syst Man Cybern (SMC)"},{"key":"ref103","author":"hausdorff","year":"2019","journal-title":"Gait in Parkinson's Disease"},{"key":"ref102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1997.82.1.262"},{"key":"ref111","first-page":"6860","article-title":"A reliability assessment software using Kinect to complement the clinical evaluation of Parkinson’s disease","author":"paredes","year":"2015","journal-title":"Proc 37th Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc (EMBC)"},{"key":"ref112","first-page":"4519","article-title":"Proposal of a Kinect-based system for gait assessment and rehabilitation in Parkinson’s disease","author":"cancela","year":"2014","journal-title":"Proc 36th Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc"},{"key":"ref110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10916-015-0289-0"},{"key":"ref98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/DICTA.2018.8615791"},{"key":"ref99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2459236.2459257"},{"key":"ref96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2018.11.025"},{"key":"ref97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12984-018-0446-z"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1503\/cmaj.151179"},{"key":"ref11","first-page":"38","article-title":"Mobile phone applications in Parkinson’s disease: A systematic review","volume":"34","author":"rey","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neurología"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11517-018-1795-2"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.medengphy.2017.03.007"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ifacol.2016.10.546"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dsp.2015.05.011"},{"key":"ref118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2004.08.012"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/1874120701307010001"},{"key":"ref82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s18103287"},{"key":"ref117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.medengphy.2017.10.004"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.artmed.2018.08.007"},{"key":"ref81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3923\/jas.2012.180.185"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JBHI.2015.2461555"},{"key":"ref84","first-page":"93","article-title":"Gait analysis: Technology and clinical applications","author":"esquenazi","year":"2000","journal-title":"Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"ref119","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinbiomech.2018.06.013"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2018.04.047"},{"key":"ref83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.11138\/FNeur\/2017.32.1.028"},{"key":"ref114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/EMBC.2016.7591199"},{"key":"ref113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67e","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2013.07.513","article-title":"Quantitative gait analysis in Parkinson’\/INS; S disease using MS Kinect: Entropy and fractal dimension","volume":"333","author":"vy\u0161ata","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Neurolog Sci"},{"key":"ref116","first-page":"128","article-title":"The assessment of gait disorders in patients with Parkinson’s disease using the three-dimensional motion analysis system Vicon","volume":"41","author":"mirek","year":"2007","journal-title":"Neurologia i Neurochirurgia Polska"},{"key":"ref80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/BHI.2018.8333381"},{"key":"ref115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2015.10.021"},{"key":"ref120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2015.11.006"},{"key":"ref89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/EMS.2013.30"},{"key":"ref121","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/EMS.2013.36"},{"key":"ref122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12984-018-0384-9"},{"key":"ref123","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2012.12.011"},{"key":"ref85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TITB.2009.2022913"},{"key":"ref86","article-title":"Classification of pathological gait markerless patterns","author":"alcazar","year":"2010","journal-title":"Proc Int Seminar Med Inf Process Anal (SIAPIM)"},{"key":"ref87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/NEUREL.2010.5644040"},{"key":"ref88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2018.01.032"}],"container-title":["IEEE Access"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx7\/6287639\/8600701\/08884146.pdf?arnumber=8884146","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,26]],"date-time":"2022-01-26T02:08:21Z","timestamp":1643162901000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/8884146\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019]]},"references-count":127,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/access.2019.2949744","relation":{},"ISSN":["2169-3536"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2169-3536","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019]]}}}