{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,26]],"date-time":"2026-02-26T16:08:51Z","timestamp":1772122131387,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":91,"publisher":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,1]],"date-time":"2020-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1577836800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/legalcode"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NRF-2018R1D1A1B07041921"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NRF-2018R1D1A1B07041921"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001321","name":"National Research Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001321","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NRF-2019R1A2C1083813"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NRF-2019R1A2C1083813"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001321","name":"National Research Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001321","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NRF-2019R1F1A1041123"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NRF-2019R1F1A1041123"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IEEE Access"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020]]},"DOI":"10.1109\/access.2020.2967800","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,21]],"date-time":"2020-01-21T12:32:14Z","timestamp":1579609934000},"page":"17103-17120","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Age Estimation by Super-Resolution Reconstruction Based on Adversarial Networks"],"prefix":"10.1109","volume":"8","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0181-8774","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Se Hyun","family":"Nam","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6769-8261","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yu Hwan","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4142-5542","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Noi Quang","family":"Truong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3930-3477","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jiho","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1214-9510","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kang Ryoung","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"key":"ref73","year":"2019","journal-title":"MORPH Database"},{"key":"ref72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCVW.2015.53"},{"key":"ref71","year":"2019","journal-title":"2015 Looking At People ICCV Challenge&#x2014;Track 1 Age Estimation"},{"key":"ref70","year":"2019","journal-title":"Dongguk Super-resolution Reconstruction & Age Estimation CNN Model (DSR&AE-CNN)"},{"key":"ref76","year":"2019","journal-title":"NVIDIA GeForce GTX 1070"},{"key":"ref77","year":"2019","journal-title":"Python"},{"key":"ref74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2647868.2654889"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2014.2362759"},{"key":"ref75","first-page":"1","article-title":"TensorFlow: Large-scale machine learning on heterogeneous distributed systems","author":"abadi","year":"2016","journal-title":"arXiv 1603 04467"},{"key":"ref38","first-page":"115","article-title":"Age estimation based on complexity-aware features","author":"ren","year":"2014","journal-title":"Proc Asian Conf Comput Vis"},{"key":"ref78","first-page":"1","article-title":"Fast and accurate image super resolution by deep CNN with skip connection and network in network","author":"yamanaka","year":"2017","journal-title":"Proc 24th Int Conf Neural Inf Process"},{"key":"ref79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2014.241"},{"key":"ref33","first-page":"183","article-title":"Age estimation based on local radon features of facial images","author":"g\u00fcnay","year":"2013","journal-title":"Proc 27th Int Symp Comput Inf Sci"},{"key":"ref32","first-page":"1","article-title":"Facial age classification using subpattern-based approaches","author":"mirzaei","year":"2011","journal-title":"Proc Int Conf Image Process Comput Vis Pattern Recognit"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5244\/C.25.28"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2499788.2499831"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/905269"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICARCV.2010.5707432"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/SMC.2015.423"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.imavis.2017.08.005"},{"key":"ref60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCVW.2015.43"},{"key":"ref62","year":"2019","journal-title":"Wikimedia Database"},{"key":"ref61","year":"2019","journal-title":"IMDB database"},{"key":"ref63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2015.7298594"},{"key":"ref28","first-page":"1","article-title":"Very deep convolutional networks for large-scale image recognition","author":"simonyan","year":"2015","journal-title":"Proc 3rd Int Conf Learn Represent"},{"key":"ref64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3758\/BF03206543"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11263-016-0940-3"},{"key":"ref65","year":"2019","journal-title":"PAL Database"},{"key":"ref66","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cross-validation (statistics)"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICMLA.2012.129"},{"key":"ref67","first-page":"1","article-title":"Adam: A method for stochastic optimization","author":"kingma","year":"2015","journal-title":"Proc Int Conf Learn Represent"},{"key":"ref68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-7908-2604-3_16"},{"key":"ref69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2016.182"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2007.03.015"},{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/WACV.2015.77"},{"key":"ref20","first-page":"818","article-title":"Visualizing and understanding convolutional networks","author":"zeiler","year":"2014","journal-title":"Proc Eur Conf Comput Vis"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.patcog.2010.12.005"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2017.632"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPRW.2017.81"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICIP.2016.7532429"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2017.86"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/FG.2017.28"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICARCV.2010.5707877"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2016.278"},{"key":"ref91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/B:VISI.0000013087.49260.fb"},{"key":"ref90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neucom.2018.10.071"},{"key":"ref59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCVW.2015.41"},{"key":"ref58","year":"2019","journal-title":"Opencv"},{"key":"ref57","first-page":"234","article-title":"U-Net: Convolutional networks for biomedical image segmentation","author":"ronneberger","year":"2015","journal-title":"Proc Int Conf Med Image Comput Comput -Assist Intervent"},{"key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"504","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1127647","article-title":"Reducing the dimensionality of data with neural networks","volume":"313","author":"hinton","year":"2006","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-46484-8_31"},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-46484-8_16"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-46475-6_43"},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIP.2003.819861"},{"key":"ref10","first-page":"675","article-title":"An investigation on local wrinkle-based extractor of age estimation","author":"ng","year":"2014","journal-title":"Proc Int Conf Comput Vis Theory Appl"},{"key":"ref11","first-page":"1363","article-title":"BSIF: Binarized statistical image features","author":"kannala","year":"2012","journal-title":"Proc 21st Int Conf Pattern Recognit"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICASSP.2016.7472186"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TETCI.2018.2864554"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2007.70733"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2009.5206681"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TMM.2008.921847"},{"key":"ref82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPRW.2018.00235"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/FG.2013.6553737"},{"key":"ref81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neucom.2018.02.045"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2016.532"},{"key":"ref84","first-page":"3","article-title":"CBAM: Convolutional block attention module","author":"woo","year":"2018","journal-title":"Proc Eur Conf Comput Vis"},{"key":"ref18","first-page":"3349","volume":"15","author":"ramanathan","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Vis Lang Comput"},{"key":"ref83","article-title":"Deep differentiable random forests for age estimation","author":"shen","year":"0","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Pattern Anal Mach Intell"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2011.5995437"},{"key":"ref80","year":"2019","journal-title":"Jetson TX2 Module"},{"key":"ref89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1049\/iet-bmt.2018.5141"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIP.2015.2481327"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2013.51"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIP.2014.2387379"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.patrec.2015.06.006"},{"key":"ref85","year":"2020","journal-title":"FGnet Database"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.patcog.2012.09.011"},{"key":"ref86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LSP.2018.2822241"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIP.2015.2412377"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/sym10040108"},{"key":"ref87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIFS.2017.2746062"},{"key":"ref88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/08839514.2019.1577009"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1955","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2010.36","article-title":"Age synthesis and estimation via faces: A survey","volume":"32","author":"fu","year":"2010","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Pattern Anal Mach Intell"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2016.90"},{"key":"ref45","first-page":"1","article-title":"Generative adversarial nets","author":"goodfellow","year":"2014","journal-title":"Proc 27th Int Conf Neural Inf Process Syst"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/sym7041882"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21898","DOI":"10.3390\/s150921898","article-title":"Human age estimation method robust to camera sensor and\/or face movement","volume":"15","author":"nguyen","year":"2015","journal-title":"SENSORS"},{"key":"ref42","first-page":"98","article-title":"Comparative study of human age estimation based on hand-crafted and deep face features","author":"belver","year":"2016","journal-title":"Proc Int Workshop Face Facial Expression Recognit Real World Videos"},{"key":"ref41","first-page":"1","article-title":"Multi-feature ordinal ranking for facial age estimation","author":"weng","year":"2013","journal-title":"Proc 10th IEEE Int Conf Workshops Autom Face Gesture Recognit (FG)"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2017.19"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2015.2439281"}],"container-title":["IEEE Access"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx7\/6287639\/8948470\/08963660.pdf?arnumber=8963660","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,27]],"date-time":"2022-01-27T20:16:12Z","timestamp":1643314572000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/8963660\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020]]},"references-count":91,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/access.2020.2967800","relation":{},"ISSN":["2169-3536"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2169-3536","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020]]}}}