{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]],"date-time":"2026-06-16T10:37:07Z","timestamp":1781606227277,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,1]],"date-time":"2020-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1577836800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/legalcode"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["61572006"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["61572006"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Chongqing Basic Research and Front Exploration Project","award":["cstc2018jcyjA3093"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["cstc2018jcyjA3093"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IEEE Access"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020]]},"DOI":"10.1109\/access.2020.2977112","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,28]],"date-time":"2020-02-28T22:30:57Z","timestamp":1582929057000},"page":"42111-42119","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["A Low-Cost Distributed Denial-of-Service Attack Architecture"],"prefix":"10.1109","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Kaifan","family":"Huang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lu-Xing","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6931-2692","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiaofan","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3545-7863","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yong","family":"Xiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuan Yan","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2555613"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jnca.2019.01.006","article-title":"Efficient DDoS attacks mitigation for stateful forwarding in Internet of Things","volume":"130","author":"liu","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Netw Comput Appl"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICN.2008.121"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSG.2017.2670144"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03391587"},{"key":"ref30","first-page":"14","article-title":"A game theory based approach to the generation of optimal DDoS defending strategy","author":"huang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Proc Int Conf Comput Secur Digit Invest"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2017.2702341"},{"key":"ref36","first-page":"44","article-title":"Optimal defense strategies for ddos defender using Bayesian game model","author":"liu","year":"2013","journal-title":"Proc Int Conf Inf Secur Pract Exper"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2382196.2382255"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CICYBS.2011.5949407"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IHMSC.2013.105"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TDSC.2005.50"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/WSC.2010.5680886"},{"key":"ref2","author":"lueth","year":"2018","journal-title":"State of the IoT 2018 Number of IoT devices now at 7B – Market accelerating"},{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1201\/b20614"},{"key":"ref20","author":"keizer","year":"2018","journal-title":"Top Botnets Control 1M Hijacked Computers"},{"key":"ref22","author":"soumenkov","year":"2011","journal-title":"TDL4 - Top Bot"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/SPW.2017.38"},{"key":"ref24","author":"stewart","year":"0","journal-title":"Inside the Storm Protocols and Encryption of the Storm Botnet"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIFS.2011.2173486"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TDSC.2008.35"},{"key":"ref25","author":"hruska","year":"2008","journal-title":"New MegaD Menace-Muscles Storm Worm Aside"},{"key":"ref50","first-page":"1","article-title":"Role of cyber security in today’s scenario","author":"khari","year":"2017","journal-title":"Proc Cyber Secur Threats Concepts Methodol Tools Appl"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MCOM.2018.1700621"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSMC.2019.2903785"},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11227-018-2413-7"},{"key":"ref10","author":"friess","year":"2007","journal-title":"Black Market Botnets"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1075\/pbns.39.06wer","article-title":"Internet relay chat","author":"werry","year":"1996","journal-title":"Computer-mediated Communication Linguistic Social and Cross-cultural Perspectives"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apm.2016.10.028"},{"key":"ref12","year":"0","journal-title":"Eggdrop"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/AQTR.2010.5520859"},{"key":"ref14","first-page":"1","author":"kharouni","year":"2009","journal-title":"SDBot IRC botnet continues to make waves"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-0-387-09762-6_12"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/COMPSAC.2008.205"},{"key":"ref17","author":"decker","year":"2009","journal-title":"Pushdo\/cutwail botnet"},{"key":"ref18","author":"nazario","year":"2007","journal-title":"Blackenergy Ddos Bot Analysis"},{"key":"ref19","author":"falliere","year":"2009","journal-title":"Zeus King of the Bots"},{"key":"ref4","first-page":"1093","article-title":"Understanding the mirai botnet","author":"antonakakis","year":"2017","journal-title":"Proc 26th USENIX Secur Symp"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MC.2017.62"},{"key":"ref6","first-page":"1","article-title":"DDoS attacks on the Internet of Things and their prevention methods","author":"mustapha","year":"2018","journal-title":"Proc Int Conf Future Netw Distrib Syst (ICFNDS)"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/BigDataService.2017.41"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/COMST.2015.2457491"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.comnet.2012.07.021"},{"key":"ref49","article-title":"Effective quarantine and recovery scheme against advanced persistent threat","author":"yang","year":"0","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Syst Man Cybern Syst"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/COMST.2017.2749442"},{"key":"ref46","article-title":"Game theory for cyber security and privacy","volume":"50","author":"do","year":"2017","journal-title":"ACM Comput Surv"},{"key":"ref45","author":"alpcan","year":"2010","journal-title":"Network Security A Decision and Game-Theoretic Approach"},{"key":"ref48","article-title":"A risk management approach to defending against the advanced persistent threat","author":"yang","year":"0","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Dependable Secure Comput"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIFS.2018.2885251"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TNSE.2017.2734075"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mma.4061"},{"key":"ref44","year":"2019","journal-title":"IP Camera Bandwidth Calculation Easy Formula & Quick Tips to Reduce Bandwidth Usage"},{"key":"ref43","author":"fox","year":"2010","journal-title":"An Introduction to the Calculus of Variations"}],"container-title":["IEEE Access"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx7\/6287639\/8948470\/09018054.pdf?arnumber=9018054","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,27]],"date-time":"2022-01-27T18:46:07Z","timestamp":1643309167000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/9018054\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020]]},"references-count":53,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/access.2020.2977112","relation":{},"ISSN":["2169-3536"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2169-3536","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020]]}}}