{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,24]],"date-time":"2026-06-24T17:57:55Z","timestamp":1782323875940,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,1]],"date-time":"2020-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1577836800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/legalcode"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IEEE Access"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020]]},"DOI":"10.1109\/access.2020.2979242","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,10]],"date-time":"2020-03-10T05:26:44Z","timestamp":1583818004000},"page":"50755-50770","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["Conservation Voltage Reduction and Volt-VAR Optimization: Measurement and Verification Benchmarking"],"prefix":"10.1109","volume":"8","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8348-8798","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zohreh S.","family":"Hossein","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3725-400X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amin","family":"Khodaei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8861-7675","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wen","family":"Fan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1300-9237","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Md Shakawat","family":"Hossan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7471-6560","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Honghao","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1603-2632","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sepideh A.","family":"Fard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3980-9267","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aleksi","family":"Paaso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4844-3447","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shay","family":"Bahramirad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"key":"ref39","year":"2019","journal-title":"PG&E to Use Dominion Voltage for Volt\/VAR Optimization Pilot Program"},{"key":"ref38","year":"2013","journal-title":"INNOVATIONS ACROSS THE GRID-Partnerships Transforming The Power Sector"},{"key":"ref33","article-title":"Duke energy production experience with CVR","author":"simms","year":"2016","journal-title":"IEEE PES Work Group Smart Distrib"},{"key":"ref32","year":"2011","journal-title":"Duke Energy Ohio Smart Grid Audit and Assessment"},{"key":"ref31","year":"2016","journal-title":"Climate Readiness Assessment and Action Plan"},{"key":"ref30","year":"2014","journal-title":"Energy Research & Development Division Final Project Report"},{"key":"ref37","year":"2014","journal-title":"Avista Utilities’ Conservation Voltage Reduction Program-Impact Evaluation"},{"key":"ref36","year":"2018","journal-title":"Advanced Energy Roadmap for Colorado"},{"key":"ref35","year":"2013","journal-title":"Before The Public Utilities Commission Of The State Of Colorado Direct Testimony And Exhibits Of Kelly Bloch"},{"key":"ref34","year":"2018","journal-title":"Myanmar Energy Master Plan"},{"key":"ref28","year":"2012","journal-title":"PECO Program Years 2013–2015 ACT 129—Phase Ii Energy Efficiency And Conservation Plan"},{"key":"ref27","first-page":"1","article-title":"Conservation voltage reduction: What are the savings?","author":"stern","year":"2013","journal-title":"Proc Energy Program Eval Conf"},{"key":"ref29","year":"2019","journal-title":"Integrated Resource Plan DRAFT"},{"key":"ref2","article-title":"Green circuit distribution efficiency case study","author":"forsten","year":"2011"},{"key":"ref1","year":"1995","journal-title":"ANSI Standard C84 1-1995 Electric Power Systems and Equipment Voltage Ratings (60 Hz)"},{"key":"ref20","year":"2015","journal-title":"Regon Public Utility Commission Staff Status Updates of PGE’s PacifiCorp’s and Idaho Power Company’s Respective Conservation Voltage Reduction Activities"},{"key":"ref22","author":"sergici","year":"2016","journal-title":"Conservation Voltage Reduction Econometric Impact Analysis"},{"key":"ref21","year":"2016","journal-title":"Smart Grid Report"},{"key":"ref24","author":"light","year":"2013","journal-title":"Final Annual Report to the Pennsylvania Public Utility Commission for Pennsylvania Act 129 of 2008 Energy Efficiency and Conservation Program"},{"key":"ref23","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sustainability Report"},{"key":"ref26","year":"2009","journal-title":"PECO Energy Efficiency and Conservation Plan (Program Years 2009–2012)"},{"key":"ref25","year":"2014","journal-title":"Indianapolis Power & Light Company-2014 Integrated Resource Plan (Public Version)"},{"key":"ref50","year":"2015","journal-title":"Voltage and Power Optimization Saves Energy and Reduces Peak Power"},{"key":"ref51","year":"2015","journal-title":"KCP&L Green Impact Zone Smartgrid Demonstration-Final Technical Report (DOE-KCP&L-0000221)"},{"key":"ref53","year":"2014","journal-title":"Costs and Benefits of Conservation Voltage Reduction CVR Warrants Careful Examination"},{"key":"ref52","year":"2019","journal-title":"DVI Voltage Optimization Technology Helps Choptank Electric Cooperative Reduce Energy Demand by 5% in 2018"},{"key":"ref10","year":"2016","journal-title":"Integrated Resource Planning Report to the Kentucky Public Service Commission Volume A—Public Version"},{"key":"ref11","year":"2019","journal-title":"Modernizing Distribution"},{"key":"ref40","year":"2018","journal-title":"Voltage and Reactive Power Optimization Pilot Summary and Potential Deployment Plans"},{"key":"ref12","year":"2015","journal-title":"Proceeding on Motion of the Commission in Regard to Reforming the Energy Vision (CASE 14-M-0101) Order Adopting a Ratemaking and Utility Revenue Model Framework"},{"key":"ref13","year":"2019","journal-title":"A Test Case for Conservation Voltage Optimization [PowerPoint Slides]"},{"key":"ref14","year":"2013","journal-title":"Conservation Voltage Reduction Pilot Project-ICC Docket 10-0568"},{"key":"ref15","author":"rousan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Voltage Optimization Distribution Planning Considerations and Demand Savings Potential for an Emerging IDSM Technology [PowerPoint Slides]"},{"key":"ref16","year":"2018","journal-title":"ComEd CY2018-2021 Evaluation Plan"},{"key":"ref17","year":"2019","journal-title":"COMMONWEALTH EDISON COMPANY Annual Energy Efficiency Formula Rate Update and Revenue Requirement Reconciliation Pursuant to Section 8–10 3B of the Public Utilities Act"},{"key":"ref18","year":"2019","journal-title":"ComEd Voltage Optimization Program Impact Evaluation Report (Energy Efficiency\/Demand Response Plan Program Year 2018 (CY2018) (1\/1\/2018-12\/31\/2018))"},{"key":"ref19","author":"anderson","year":"2016","journal-title":"Conservation Voltage Reduction (CVR)"},{"key":"ref4","year":"1999","journal-title":"Regional Technical Forum or RTF Technical Advisory Committee to the Northwest Power and Conservation Council to Develop Standards to Verify and Evaluate Energy Efficiency Savings"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2172\/990131"},{"key":"ref6","author":"depasquale","year":"2015","journal-title":"Why Volt\/VAR Optimization is the Most Important Technology You’ve Never Heard of"},{"key":"ref5","year":"2015","journal-title":"Regional Technical Forum"},{"key":"ref8","author":"schell","year":"2014","journal-title":"Conservation and Optimization Via Volt\/Var Control [PowerPoint Slides]"},{"key":"ref7","author":"weaver","year":"2013","journal-title":"American Electric Power’s Experience with Applying Technology on the Distribution System [PowerPoint slides]"},{"key":"ref49","year":"2018","journal-title":"Public Service Electric And Gas Company Direct Testimony Of KAREN REIF Vice President Renewables & Energy Solutions"},{"key":"ref9","year":"2017","journal-title":"Smart Circuits"},{"key":"ref46","year":"2016","journal-title":"Pre-Filed Verified Direct Testimony OF Jon C Walter (Cause No 44841)"},{"key":"ref45","year":"2012","journal-title":"Utility Case Study Volt\/VAR Control at Dominion"},{"key":"ref48","year":"2019","journal-title":"2018 Indiana EECO Program EM&V Report"},{"key":"ref47","year":"2019","journal-title":"Integrated Resource Planning Report To The Indiana Utility Regulatory Commission"},{"key":"ref42","year":"2015","journal-title":"Utility Modernization"},{"key":"ref41","year":"2019","journal-title":"Southern California Edison Company’S (U-338-E) Annual Report On The Status Of The Electric Program Investment Charge Program"},{"key":"ref44","year":"2018","journal-title":"Evaluation of the Energy Savings Impacts of PSE’s Conservation Voltage Reduction Program"},{"key":"ref43","year":"2018","journal-title":"GWP Conservation Voltage Reduction Program"}],"container-title":["IEEE Access"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx7\/6287639\/8948470\/09027815.pdf?arnumber=9027815","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,12]],"date-time":"2022-01-12T01:08:10Z","timestamp":1641949690000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/9027815\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020]]},"references-count":53,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/access.2020.2979242","relation":{},"ISSN":["2169-3536"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2169-3536","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020]]}}}