{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,20]],"date-time":"2026-01-20T13:49:12Z","timestamp":1768916952773,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":109,"publisher":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,1]],"date-time":"2020-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1577836800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/legalcode"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003093","name":"Ministry of Higher Education Malaysia through the Fundamental Research Grant Scheme","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["FRGS\/1\/2019\/ICT03\/UMP\/02\/2"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FRGS\/1\/2019\/ICT03\/UMP\/02\/2"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003093","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005605","name":"Universiti Malaysia Pahang","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RDU182202-2"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RDU182202-2"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005605","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IEEE Access"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020]]},"DOI":"10.1109\/access.2020.2986369","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,7]],"date-time":"2020-04-07T21:58:25Z","timestamp":1586296705000},"page":"67835-67867","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Smart Routing Management Framework Exploiting Dynamic Data Resources of Cross-Layer Design and Machine Learning Approaches for Mobile Cognitive Radio Networks: A Survey"],"prefix":"10.1109","volume":"8","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8251-3277","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Qusay","family":"Medhat Salih","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8221-6168","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Md. Arafatur","family":"Rahman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3912-9664","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fadi","family":"Al-Turjman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zafril Rizal","family":"M. Azmi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CROWNCOM.2008.4562509"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICFCC.2010.5497417"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/SURV.2013.081313.00231"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TMC.2018.2828104"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jnca.2017.12.014"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/SURV.2013.101813.00023"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11036-008-0084-y"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCOMM.2015.2459039"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11277-015-2972-3"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11276-014-0847-2"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11276-011-0392-1"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TVT.2011.2158673"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.comnet.2014.10.001"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/SURV.2013.082713.00184"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-06704-9_13"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.adhoc.2010.06.009"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11276-015-1093-y"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MCOM.2005.1561928"},{"key":"ref101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phycom.2019.100953"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCChina.2012.6356982"},{"key":"ref100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s19010151"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JSAC.2008.080111"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2016.2626721"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MCOM.2003.1235598"},{"key":"ref59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPDS.2013.216"},{"key":"ref58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TWC.2016.2633527"},{"key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phycom.2015.12.003"},{"key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CWIT.2011.5872159"},{"key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.adhoc.2009.01.002"},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/INFCOMW.2010.5466681"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10922-009-9146-0"},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11276-010-0285-8"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.adhoc.2011.04.004"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11276-019-02014-6"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2017.2671882"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11277-012-0674-7"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jnca.2014.10.002"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2019.2929915"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/GLOCOM.2008.ECP.931"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCCN.2016.2566643"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.comcom.2016.07.012"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11276-018-1793-1"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/6848641"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/GLOCOM.2008.ECP.592"},{"key":"ref47","first-page":"221","article-title":"ZRP: A hybrid framework for routing in ad hoc networks","author":"haas","year":"2001","journal-title":"Ad Hoc Networking"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13369-014-0977-y"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1687-1499-2012-235"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TMC.2016.2582173"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11276-015-1138-2"},{"key":"ref73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TMC.2018.2866093"},{"key":"ref72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/COMST.2018.2794358"},{"key":"ref71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/wcm.2557"},{"key":"ref70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.2498\/cit.1002337","article-title":"A review of cross-layer design in dynamic spectrum access for cognitive radio networks","volume":"22","author":"let","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Comput Inf Technol"},{"key":"ref76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.comcom.2018.09.003"},{"key":"ref77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1201\/b17877"},{"key":"ref74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IUCE.2009.127"},{"key":"ref75","article-title":"Transport protocols in cognitive radio networks: A survey","author":"zhong","year":"2015","journal-title":"arXiv 1501 02869"},{"key":"ref78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/wcm.2440"},{"key":"ref79","first-page":"3941","article-title":"Enhanced performance based on cross-layer design from physical to transport layers","volume":"39","author":"chen","year":"2014","journal-title":"Arabian J Sci Eng"},{"key":"ref60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICABCD.2018.8465429"},{"key":"ref62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/GLOCOM.2013.6831187"},{"key":"ref61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/WICOM.2010.5600823"},{"key":"ref63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/WCL.2012.100912.120629"},{"key":"ref64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jnca.2018.03.005"},{"key":"ref65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/COMST.2008.4483671"},{"key":"ref66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/wcm.444"},{"key":"ref67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s141019533"},{"key":"ref68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MCOM.2013.6495776"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compeleceng.2014.07.015"},{"key":"ref69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2018.2807781"},{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.telpol.2012.07.003"},{"key":"ref109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JSYST.2016.2630923"},{"key":"ref95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/WCNC.2003.1200522"},{"key":"ref108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TII.2016.2610408"},{"key":"ref94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10462-018-9639-x"},{"key":"ref107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13638-016-0652-y"},{"key":"ref93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCSP.2015.7322729"},{"key":"ref106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/WiMOB.2014.6962199"},{"key":"ref92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jnca.2016.07.006"},{"key":"ref105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.comcom.2009.05.016"},{"key":"ref91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/COMST.2017.2727878"},{"key":"ref104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/dac.4261"},{"key":"ref90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/SURV.2012.100412.00017"},{"key":"ref103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/COMST.2008.4483671"},{"key":"ref102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/COMST.2015.2395378"},{"key":"ref98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1007\/s10776-019-00463-6","article-title":"A survey and performance evaluation of reinforcement learning based spectrum aware routing in cognitive radio ad hoc networks","volume":"27","author":"raj","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Wireless Inf Netw"},{"key":"ref99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11276-018-1672-9"},{"key":"ref96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00779-018-1114-9"},{"key":"ref97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.adhoc.2011.03.011"},{"key":"ref10","first-page":"143","author":"aileni","year":"2019","journal-title":"Health Monitoring Using Wearable Technologies and Cognitive Radio for IoT"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dcan.2017.09.010"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.adhoc.2009.01.001"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/COMST.2014.2363082"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.comnet.2010.09.008"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compeleceng.2016.02.003"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10462-015-9438-6"},{"key":"ref82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compeleceng.2016.02.011"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11277-017-4794-y"},{"key":"ref81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11277-014-1635-0"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JPROC.2007.909930"},{"key":"ref84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/938191"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LCOMM.2015.2478781"},{"key":"ref83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.comcom.2018.07.035"},{"key":"ref80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-07329-3","author":"bian","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cognitive Radio Networks Medium Access Control for Coexistence of Wireless Systems"},{"key":"ref89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13174-018-0087-2"},{"key":"ref85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TVT.2010.2045403"},{"key":"ref86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACSSC.2012.6489185"},{"key":"ref87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11277-017-4494-7"},{"key":"ref88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jnca.2018.03.022"}],"container-title":["IEEE Access"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx7\/6287639\/8948470\/09058713.pdf?arnumber=9058713","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,29]],"date-time":"2023-09-29T17:23:45Z","timestamp":1696008225000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/9058713\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020]]},"references-count":109,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/access.2020.2986369","relation":{},"ISSN":["2169-3536"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2169-3536","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020]]}}}