{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,16]],"date-time":"2026-03-16T10:07:08Z","timestamp":1773655628299,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,1]],"date-time":"2020-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1577836800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/legalcode"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IEEE Access"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020]]},"DOI":"10.1109\/access.2020.3002270","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,15]],"date-time":"2020-06-15T22:23:11Z","timestamp":1592259791000},"page":"109758-109769","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["LinCos-Softmax: Learning Angle-Discriminative Face Representations With Linearity-Enhanced Cosine Logits"],"prefix":"10.1109","volume":"8","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8908-3863","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wei-Feng","family":"Ou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lai-Man","family":"Po","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7336-7351","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chang","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yu-Jia","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Li-Tong","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yasar Abbas Ur","family":"Rehman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yu-Zhi","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2018.00950"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2018.00534"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2019.00353"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2019.00123"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11263-018-01142-4"},{"key":"ref30","first-page":"499","article-title":"A discriminative feature learning approach for deep face recognition","author":"wen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Proc ECCV"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCV.2017.578"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3126686.3126693"},{"key":"ref35","article-title":"Git loss for deep face recognition","author":"calefati","year":"2018","journal-title":"Proc BMVC"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPRW.2017.251"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LSP.2016.2603342"},{"key":"ref40","first-page":"213","article-title":"Feature contraction: New convnet regularization in image classification","author":"li","year":"2018","journal-title":"Proc BMVC"},{"key":"ref11","first-page":"1988","article-title":"Deep learning face representation by joint identification verification","author":"sun","year":"2014","journal-title":"Proc NeurIPS"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2006.100"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2015.7298682"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-01231-1_17"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCV.2017.309"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2014.244"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2014.220"},{"key":"ref18","article-title":"Deep face recognition","author":"parkhi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Proc BMVC"},{"key":"ref19","first-page":"7","article-title":"Large-margin softmax loss for convolutional neural networks","author":"liu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Proc ICML"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2019.01222"},{"key":"ref4","article-title":"Learning face representation from scratch","author":"yi","year":"2014","journal-title":"arXiv 1411 7923"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-01418-6_38"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2015.7298594"},{"key":"ref6","article-title":"Labeled faces in the wild: A database forstudying face recognition in unconstrained environments","author":"huang","year":"2008","journal-title":"Proc Workshop Faces in &#x2018;Real-Life&#x2019; Images Detection Alignment and Recognition"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2019.01108"},{"key":"ref5","first-page":"87","article-title":"MS-celeb-1M: A dataset and benchmark for large-scale face recognition","author":"guo","year":"2016","journal-title":"Proc ECCV"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPRW.2017.250"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/WACV.2016.7477558"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2016.90"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2016.527"},{"key":"ref1","first-page":"1097","article-title":"ImageNet classification with deep convolutional neural networks","author":"krizhevsky","year":"2012","journal-title":"Proc NIPS"},{"key":"ref46","first-page":"1942","article-title":"Virtual class enhanced discriminative embedding learning","author":"chen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Proc NIPS"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2017.713"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2016.434"},{"key":"ref48","article-title":"Softmax dissection: Towards understanding intra-and inter-clas objective for embedding learning","author":"he","year":"2020","journal-title":"Proc AAAI"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2019.00482"},{"key":"ref47","article-title":"Mis-classified vector guided softmax loss for face recognition","author":"wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Proc AAAI"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2018.00552"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2015.7298907"},{"key":"ref24","article-title":"NormFace: L2 hypersphere embedding for face verification","author":"wang","year":"2017","journal-title":"arXiv 1704 06369"},{"key":"ref41","article-title":"Targeting ultimate accuracy: Face recognition via deep embedding","author":"liu","year":"2015","journal-title":"arXiv 1506 07310"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LSP.2018.2822810"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2017.145"},{"key":"ref26","article-title":"L2-constrained softmax loss for discriminative face verification","author":"ranjan","year":"2017","journal-title":"arXiv 1703 09507"},{"key":"ref43","first-page":"1857","article-title":"Improved deep metric learning with multi-class n-pair loss objective","author":"sohn","year":"2016","journal-title":"Proc NIPS"},{"key":"ref25","article-title":"Rethinking feature discrimination and polymerization for large-scale recognition","author":"liu","year":"2017","journal-title":"arXiv 1710 00870"}],"container-title":["IEEE Access"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx7\/6287639\/8948470\/09116942.pdf?arnumber=9116942","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,12]],"date-time":"2022-01-12T15:57:25Z","timestamp":1642003045000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/9116942\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020]]},"references-count":48,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/access.2020.3002270","relation":{},"ISSN":["2169-3536"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2169-3536","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020]]}}}