{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,11]],"date-time":"2026-06-11T17:28:26Z","timestamp":1781198906046,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":143,"publisher":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,1]],"date-time":"2020-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1577836800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/legalcode"}],"funder":[{"name":"Hubert Curien Partnership France-Malaysia Hibiscus","award":["203.PKOMP.6782005"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["203.PKOMP.6782005"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IEEE Access"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020]]},"DOI":"10.1109\/access.2020.3022808","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,8]],"date-time":"2020-09-08T19:46:32Z","timestamp":1599594392000},"page":"166553-166574","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":96,"title":["Spatio-Temporal Crime HotSpot Detection and Prediction: A Systematic Literature Review"],"prefix":"10.1109","volume":"8","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9197-3419","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Umair Muneer","family":"Butt","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3521-7141","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sukumar","family":"Letchmunan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5549-6379","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fadratul Hafinaz","family":"Hassan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2467-4045","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mubashir","family":"Ali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5771-1933","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anees","family":"Baqir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8152-4065","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hafiz Husnain Raza","family":"Sherazi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"key":"ref39","first-page":"419","article-title":"A review of research methods for spatiotemporal distribution of the crime hot spots","volume":"31","author":"juan","year":"2012","journal-title":"Progress in Geography"},{"key":"ref38","article-title":"A review of spatio-temporal pattern analysis approaches on crime analysis","author":"leong","year":"2015"},{"key":"ref33","article-title":"Crime prediction by data-driven green&#x2019;s function method","author":"kajita","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int J Forecasting"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-35231-8_42"},{"key":"ref31","first-page":"68","article-title":"A classification approach for crime prediction","author":"zaidi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Proc Int Conf Appl Comput Support Ind Innov Technol"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2019.2914675"},{"key":"ref37","article-title":"Deep learning for spatio-temporal data mining: A survey","author":"wang","year":"2019","journal-title":"arXiv 1906 04928"},{"key":"ref36","article-title":"A survey paper on crime prediction technique using data mining","author":"dubey","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int J Eng Res Appl"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TKDE.2018.2866809"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACDT.2016.7437655"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2019.2933472"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/healthcare7020056"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2019.2908100"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CCAA.2017.8229823"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/sam.11312"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1742-6596\/1000\/1\/012046"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijgi6030073"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-981-15-0372-6_2"},{"key":"ref101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-981-10-8797-4_70"},{"key":"ref26","article-title":"Systematic literature review in computer science-a practical guide","volume":"1","author":"weidt","year":"2016"},{"key":"ref100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1140\/epjds\/s13688-018-0171-7"},{"key":"ref25","article-title":"Guidelines for performing systematic literature reviews in software engineering","author":"kitchenham","year":"2007"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICDMW.2011.56"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11292-010-9120-6"},{"key":"ref59","author":"bartleson","year":"1963","journal-title":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"},{"key":"ref58","first-page":"1","article-title":"Procedures for performing systematic reviews","volume":"33","author":"kitchenham","year":"2004"},{"key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-94-007-4997-9"},{"key":"ref56","article-title":"Crime mapping in police departments: The challenges of building a mapping system","author":"mazerolle","year":"1998"},{"key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/WI-IATW.2006.55"},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-981-15-0994-0_2"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/07418825.2017.1342854"},{"key":"ref52","article-title":"Application of data analytics techniques in analyzing crimes","author":"nwankwo","year":"2018"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijgi8030112"},{"key":"ref4","first-page":"12","article-title":"View from the east: Greg blackman charts the meteoric rise of Chinese firm Hikvision, one of the top suppliers of video surveillance equipment that has now turned its sights on industrial vision","volume":"84","author":"blackman","year":"2017","journal-title":"Imag Mach Vis Eur"},{"key":"ref3","article-title":"Twelve days in Xinjiang: how China&#x2019;s surveillance state overwhelms daily life","volume":"19","author":"chin","year":"2017","journal-title":"Wall Street J"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1938606.1938608"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICDM.2018.00190"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4324\/9781315709826"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-97181-0_9"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ASONAM.2014.6921628"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3190345"},{"key":"ref46","article-title":"A comparative study of analysing and clustering crime patterns using data mining","author":"bapat","year":"0"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-94-007-4997-9_5"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ITSC.2004.1398880"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijgi4042306"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-94-017-8757-4_11"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCTIDE.2016.7725331"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3161602"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-0-387-77650-7_2"},{"key":"ref127","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/sam.11389"},{"key":"ref126","article-title":"NIJ&#x2019;s real-time crime forecasting challenge: An attempt to encourage data scientists from every field to think about criminal justice problems","author":"home","year":"2018"},{"key":"ref125","article-title":"Examining deep learning architectures for crime classification and prediction","author":"stalidis","year":"2018","journal-title":"arXiv 1812 00602"},{"key":"ref124","article-title":"Open source crime prediction for the national institute of justice","author":"ledray","year":"2017"},{"key":"ref73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/UIC-ATC.2013.72"},{"key":"ref72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10940-011-9145-7"},{"key":"ref129","first-page":"1","article-title":"Crime levels and trends in the next decade","volume":"5","author":"sidhu","year":"2006","journal-title":"Journal of the Kuala Lumpur Royal Malaysia Police College"},{"key":"ref71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-24466-7_20"},{"key":"ref128","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1142\/S0219622017500250"},{"key":"ref70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1989734.1989742"},{"key":"ref76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10489-012-0400-x"},{"key":"ref130","author":"jansson","year":"2007","journal-title":"British Crime Survey-Measuring Crime for 25 Years"},{"key":"ref77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-06605-9_15"},{"key":"ref74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-45025-9_29"},{"key":"ref75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.giq.2013.02.001"},{"key":"ref133","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-29911-8_3"},{"key":"ref134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atmosenv.2019.116885"},{"key":"ref131","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-29047-3_28"},{"key":"ref78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2663204.2663254"},{"key":"ref132","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JSAC.2019.2904363"},{"key":"ref79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dss.2014.02.003"},{"key":"ref136","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijepes.2016.03.012"},{"key":"ref135","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/SIEDS.2015.7117012"},{"key":"ref138","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/en9020109"},{"key":"ref137","first-page":"16","article-title":"Modeling and forecasting inflation in kenya: Recent insights from arima and garch analysis","volume":"5","author":"nyoni","year":"2018","journal-title":"Dimorian Rev"},{"key":"ref60","author":"springer","year":"1842","journal-title":"Springer Science+Business Media"},{"key":"ref139","article-title":"Forecasting economics and financial time series: ARIMA vs. LSTM","author":"siami-namini","year":"2018","journal-title":"arXiv 1803 06386"},{"key":"ref62","year":"1997","journal-title":"Science Direct"},{"key":"ref61","author":"hamming","year":"1947","journal-title":"Association for Computing Machinery"},{"key":"ref63","year":"2004","journal-title":"Scopus"},{"key":"ref64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSE.2007.1001"},{"key":"ref140","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2018.05.021"},{"key":"ref65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2365324.2365332"},{"key":"ref141","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.enbuild.2018.01.034"},{"key":"ref66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2639490.2639503"},{"key":"ref142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijforecast.2019.03.017"},{"key":"ref67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10707-010-0116-1"},{"key":"ref143","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4018\/978-1-7998-2535-7.ch010"},{"key":"ref68","first-page":"3352","article-title":"Using GIS to analyze and forecast the Chinese crime rate","author":"zhang","year":"2010","journal-title":"Proc 2nd Int Conf Inf Sci Eng"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physa.2019.123627"},{"key":"ref69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/GeoInformatics.2011.5981000"},{"key":"ref1","first-page":"72","article-title":"Impact of crime and corruption on GDP per capita an empirical analysis of cross-country data","volume":"10","author":"ul islam","year":"2018","journal-title":"Pakistan Journal of Criminology"},{"key":"ref109","first-page":"54","article-title":"Crime in the 21 st century: A co-teaching experience","volume":"34","author":"shebaro","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Comput Sci Colleges"},{"key":"ref95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apgeog.2017.06.011"},{"key":"ref108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3348445.3348483"},{"key":"ref94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trpro.2017.05.083"},{"key":"ref107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3325112.3328221"},{"key":"ref93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CIAPP.2017.8167050"},{"key":"ref106","article-title":"Spatial concentration and temporal regularities in crime","author":"oliveira","year":"2019","journal-title":"arXiv 1901 03589"},{"key":"ref92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/UIC-ATC.2017.8397586"},{"key":"ref105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/SMARTCOMP.2018.00069"},{"key":"ref91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICBK.2017.3"},{"key":"ref104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dss.2019.03.001"},{"key":"ref90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3132847.3133024"},{"key":"ref103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrimjus.2019.04.003"},{"key":"ref102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s41870-018-0260-7"},{"key":"ref111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40537-019-0228-x"},{"key":"ref112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pmcj.2019.01.003"},{"key":"ref110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2019.2930410"},{"key":"ref98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apgeog.2018.08.001"},{"key":"ref99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physa.2018.03.084"},{"key":"ref96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fss.2017.11.011"},{"key":"ref97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/BigData.2018.8622041"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CSCITA47329.2020.9137772"},{"key":"ref11","article-title":"Forecasting crime using ARIMA model","author":"islam","year":"2020","journal-title":"arXiv 2003 08006"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00521-020-04998-1"},{"key":"ref13","article-title":"Deep learning for real time crime forecasting","author":"wang","year":"2017","journal-title":"arXiv 1707 03340"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICIVC47709.2019.8981090"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICDMW.2017.165"},{"key":"ref118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3055601.3055613"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apgeog.2019.01.006"},{"key":"ref82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10610-015-9270-1"},{"key":"ref117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2939672.2939736"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CBD.2018.00040"},{"key":"ref81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apgeog.2015.02.006"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICT-ISPC.2017.8075335"},{"key":"ref84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2909609.2909624"},{"key":"ref119","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10940-016-9295-8"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21917\/ijsc.2017.0202"},{"key":"ref83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-23485-4_51"},{"key":"ref114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-31087-4_57"},{"key":"ref113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-89656-4_42"},{"key":"ref116","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TKDE.2015.2507570"},{"key":"ref80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/EISIC.2015.22"},{"key":"ref115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12061-017-9230-x"},{"key":"ref120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40163-020-00112-x"},{"key":"ref89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/DASC-PICom-DataCom-CyberSciTec.2016.138"},{"key":"ref121","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1098611119887809"},{"key":"ref122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICMLA.2016.0015"},{"key":"ref123","author":"koontz","year":"2017","journal-title":"Analysis and Prediction of Call for Service Data"},{"key":"ref85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2996913.2997006"},{"key":"ref86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CSCWD.2016.7565970"},{"key":"ref87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TKDE.2015.2507570"},{"key":"ref88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11042-016-3467-2"}],"container-title":["IEEE Access"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx7\/6287639\/8948470\/09187772.pdf?arnumber=9187772","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,17]],"date-time":"2021-12-17T19:55:48Z","timestamp":1639770948000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/9187772\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020]]},"references-count":143,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/access.2020.3022808","relation":{},"ISSN":["2169-3536"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2169-3536","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020]]}}}