{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,18]],"date-time":"2026-05-18T22:03:39Z","timestamp":1779141819731,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":80,"publisher":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,1]],"date-time":"2020-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1577836800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/legalcode"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea grant","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Korean Government, Ministry of Science and ICT","award":["NRF-2020R1A2B5B02002478"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NRF-2020R1A2B5B02002478"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002546","name":"Sejong University through its Faculty Research Program","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002546","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IEEE Access"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020]]},"DOI":"10.1109\/access.2020.3042273","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,3]],"date-time":"2020-12-03T20:48:57Z","timestamp":1607028537000},"page":"228049-228069","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":227,"title":["Medical Diagnostic Systems Using Artificial Intelligence (AI) Algorithms: Principles and Perspectives"],"prefix":"10.1109","volume":"8","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9354-8686","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Simarjeet","family":"Kaur","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Lovely Professional University, Punjab, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2077-1622","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jimmy","family":"Singla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Lovely Professional University, Punjab, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8871-4299","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lewis","family":"Nkenyereye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer and Information Security, Sejong University, Seoul, South Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0074-2584","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sudan","family":"Jha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Chandigarh University, Punjab, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8786-1115","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Deepak","family":"Prashar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Lovely Professional University, Punjab, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5446-288X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gyanendra Prasad","family":"Joshi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul, South Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shaker","family":"El-Sappagh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Information Systems, Faculty of Computers and Artificial Intelligence, Benha University, Banha, Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7181-5328","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Md. Saiful","family":"Islam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Information and Communication Technology, Griffith University, Southport, QLD, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2968-9561","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"S. M. Riazul","family":"Islam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul, South Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"key":"ref73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1016\/j.icte.2018.10.005","article-title":"Diabetes detection using deep learning algorithms","volume":"4","author":"swapna","year":"2018","journal-title":"ICT Exp"},{"key":"ref72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICOMET.2018.8346384"},{"key":"ref71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2015.10.015"},{"key":"ref70","first-page":"122","article-title":"Computer-aided model for skin diagnosis using deep learning","volume":"4","author":"shoieb","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Image Graph"},{"key":"ref76","first-page":"1","article-title":"Coronary heart disease diagnosis using deep neural networks","volume":"9","author":"miao","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Adv Comput Sci Appl"},{"key":"ref77","article-title":"Computer aided lung cancer diagnosis with deep learning algorithms","volume":"9785","author":"sun","year":"2016","journal-title":"Proc SPIE"},{"key":"ref74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.procs.2018.05.122"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICAICT.2011.6110913"},{"key":"ref75","article-title":"Recognizing abnormal heart sounds using deep learning","author":"rubin","year":"2017","journal-title":"arXiv 1707 04642"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICICCT.2018.8473159"},{"key":"ref78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIE.2017.2764844"},{"key":"ref79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/2046-4053-4-1"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compbiomed.2014.10.006"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5121\/csit.2013.3218"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2012.07.014"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCIC.2010.5705890"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.procs.2015.07.571"},{"key":"ref36","first-page":"354","article-title":"Fuzzy expert system for diagnosis of diabetes using fuzzy determination mechanism","volume":"2","author":"kalpana","year":"2011","journal-title":"International Journal of Applied Science and Technology"},{"key":"ref35","first-page":"2","article-title":"Fuzzy expert system for the diagnosis of common liver disease","volume":"1","author":"satarkar","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int J Eng Research & Development"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tele.2017.01.007"},{"key":"ref60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbi.2015.08.019"},{"key":"ref62","author":"marsland","year":"2015","journal-title":"Machine Learning An Algorithmic Perspective"},{"key":"ref61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.9790\/2834-09136975"},{"key":"ref63","first-page":"408","article-title":"Application of machine learning to medical diagnosis","volume":"389","author":"kononenko","year":"1997","journal-title":"Mach Learning Data Mining Methods Appl"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.imu.2015.12.001"},{"key":"ref64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12194-017-0406-5"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmpb.2013.01.005"},{"key":"ref65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"436","DOI":"10.1038\/nature14539","article-title":"Deep learning","volume":"521","author":"lecun","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-13523-1_26"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aab2358"},{"key":"ref67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bib\/bbx044"},{"key":"ref68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jctc.9b00940"},{"key":"ref69","article-title":"A deep learning approach to universal skin disease classification","author":"liao","year":"2016"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btt474"},{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.embor.7400195"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/PDP.2014.115"},{"key":"ref22","first-page":"2914","article-title":"Design of expert system for medical diagnosis using fuzzy logic","volume":"4","author":"rana","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int J Sci Eng Res"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4236\/health.2010.23031"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1386-5056(01)00160-5"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0019-9958(65)90241-X"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/WICT.2011.6141450"},{"key":"ref25","author":"braunwald","year":"1988","journal-title":"Heart Disease A Textbook of Cardiovascular Medicine"},{"key":"ref50","first-page":"608","article-title":"Comparative study of chronic kidney disease prediction using KNN and SVM","volume":"v4","author":"sinha","year":"2015","journal-title":"International Journal of Engine Research"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MITICON.2016.8025242"},{"key":"ref59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2013.11.016"},{"key":"ref58","first-page":"1568","article-title":"Intelligent Parkinson disease prediction using machine learning algorithms","volume":"3","author":"sriram","year":"2013","journal-title":"International Journal of Engineering and Innovative Technology"},{"key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.procs.2015.03.182"},{"key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TITB.2009.2039485"},{"key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CESYS.2017.8321150"},{"key":"ref54","first-page":"49","article-title":"Osteoarthritis: Diagnosis and treatment","volume":"85","author":"sinusas","year":"2012","journal-title":"Amer Family Physician"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1064","DOI":"10.1016\/j.procs.2016.04.224","article-title":"Using machine learning algorithms for breast cancer risk prediction and diagnosis","volume":"83","author":"asri","year":"2016","journal-title":"Procedia Comput Sci"},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2013.08.044"},{"key":"ref10","author":"beale","year":"1996","journal-title":"Neural Network Design"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tele.2015.08.006"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bspc.2017.07.005"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2017.2694446"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcmg.2018.01.020"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cit185"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijmedinf.2014.07.005"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2016.06.020"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00089-17"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICOS.2011.6079267"},{"key":"ref19","first-page":"1","article-title":"A framework for cell phone based diagnosis and management of priority tropical diseases","author":"uzoka","year":"2011","journal-title":"Proc IST-Africa Conf"},{"key":"ref80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-151-4-200908180-00136"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrg2918"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2014.09.032"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12916-014-0265-4"},{"key":"ref5","first-page":"116","article-title":"Toward an ontological treatment of disease and diagnosis","volume":"2009","author":"scheuermann","year":"2009","journal-title":"Summit on translational bioinformatics"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/21.52551"},{"key":"ref7","first-page":"301","article-title":"Doctor ai: Predicting clinical events via recurrent neural networks","author":"choi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Proc Mach Learn Healthcare Conf"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(11)60178-5"},{"key":"ref9","volume":"1","author":"yen","year":"1999","journal-title":"Fuzzy Logic Intelligence Control and Information"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fss.2015.09.001"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0183389"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ISCID.2009.43"},{"key":"ref47","first-page":"6937","article-title":"Disease prediction using machine learning","volume":"6","author":"jamgade","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int Res J Eng Technol"},{"key":"ref42","first-page":"314","article-title":"Using fuzzy classifier for cholera analysis","volume":"3","author":"okpor","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int J Sci Res"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5120\/14252-1626"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4939-3486-7_6"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.4103\/2152-7806.77177","article-title":"Fuzzy logic: A ‘simple’ solution for complexities in neurosciences?","volume":"2","author":"godil","year":"2011","journal-title":"Surgical Neurology"}],"container-title":["IEEE Access"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx7\/6287639\/8948470\/09279211.pdf?arnumber=9279211","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,2]],"date-time":"2025-07-02T17:45:48Z","timestamp":1751478348000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/9279211\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020]]},"references-count":80,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/access.2020.3042273","relation":{},"ISSN":["2169-3536"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2169-3536","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020]]}}}