{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,14]],"date-time":"2026-05-14T08:57:41Z","timestamp":1778749061549,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":119,"publisher":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,1]],"date-time":"2021-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1609459200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/legalcode"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IEEE Access"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021]]},"DOI":"10.1109\/access.2021.3064360","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,8]],"date-time":"2021-03-08T21:29:49Z","timestamp":1615238989000},"page":"41246-41260","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":54,"title":["Deep Learning for Fault Diagnostics in Bearings, Insulators, PV Panels, Power Lines, and Electric Vehicle Applications\u2014The State-of-the-Art Approaches"],"prefix":"10.1109","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"K. Mohana","family":"Sundaram","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Azham","family":"Hussain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"P.","family":"Sanjeevikumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jens Bo","family":"Holm-Nielsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vishnu Kumar","family":"Kaliappan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"B. Kavya","family":"Santhoshi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TEC.2014.2341620"},{"key":"ref38","author":"harris","year":"2001","journal-title":"Rolling Bearing Analysis"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11042-019-08600-2"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCSE.2019.8845453"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/w12051500"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/atsip.2013.9"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-21568-2_11"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jprocont.2019.05.002"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.isatra.2019.11.010"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.patcog.2016.04.007"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1561\/2200000006"},{"key":"ref27","first-page":"1439","article-title":"Entity abstraction in visual model-based reinforcement learning","author":"veerapaneni","year":"2020","journal-title":"Proc Conf Robot Learn"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"504","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1127647","article-title":"Reducing the dimensionality of data with neural networks","volume":"313","author":"hinton","year":"2006","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/505282.505283"},{"key":"ref22","article-title":"Genetic algorithms in machine learning","author":"goldberg","year":"1988","journal-title":"Optimization and Search"},{"key":"ref21","first-page":"3370","article-title":"Quality control of PV-modules in the field using a remote-controlled drone with an infrared camera","author":"buerhop","year":"2012","journal-title":"Proc 27th Eur"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-62582-5_2"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/21693277.2016.1192517"},{"key":"ref101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/spe.2914"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/sym10120734"},{"key":"ref100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSG.2020.2998072"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/17517575.2018.1442934"},{"key":"ref50","year":"2021","journal-title":"IEEE PHM 2012 Data Challenge Bearing Dataset"},{"key":"ref51","year":"2021","journal-title":"Case Western Reserve University (CWRU) Bearing Data Center"},{"key":"ref59","first-page":"1783","article-title":"Fault diagnosis and classification of largescale photovoltaic plants through aerial orthophoto thermal mapping","author":"tsanakas","year":"2015","journal-title":"Proc Eur Photovoltaic Sol Energy Conf Exhib"},{"key":"ref58","first-page":"233","article-title":"Possibilities of PV panels defects identification and determination of its effect on the economy of photovoltaic power plants operation","author":"mastny","year":"2011","journal-title":"Proc 2nd Int Conf Math Models Eng Sci"},{"key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/PVSC.1991.169273"},{"key":"ref56","first-page":"2975","article-title":"Field inspection of PV modules using aerial, drone-mounted thermography","author":"buerhop","year":"2014","journal-title":"Proc 29th Eur Photovoltaic Sol Energy Conf Exhib"},{"key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/151452"},{"key":"ref54","first-page":"2734","article-title":"Unmanned aerial vehicles in photovoltaic systems monitoring applications","author":"aghaei","year":"2014","journal-title":"Proc Eur Photovoltaic Sol Energy 29th Conf Exhib"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.solmat.2009.09.016"},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TDMR.2014.2348195"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIE.2008.917108"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2019.2912200"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0166-3615(90)90088-7"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmsy.2018.01.006"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.measurement.2020.108050"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2018.2884906"},{"key":"ref49","year":"2021","journal-title":"Case Western Reserve University (CWRU) Bearing Data Center"},{"key":"ref7","author":"barto","year":"2018","journal-title":"Reinforcement Learning An Introduction"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/COMST.2020.2988293"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cie.2020.106427"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/PHM.2017.8079167"},{"key":"ref48","year":"2021","journal-title":"Bearing data"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.measurement.2019.107393"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIA.2017.2655008"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIE.2015.2463767"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s17122876"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2020.2972859"},{"key":"ref73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/en11020318"},{"key":"ref72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICASID.2019.8925094"},{"key":"ref71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/en13030713"},{"key":"ref70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MetroAeroSpace.2017.7999594"},{"key":"ref76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/23801883.2018.1527184","article-title":"The space of the sea in Montesquieu&#x2019;s political though","author":"li","year":"2018","journal-title":"Global Intellectual History"},{"key":"ref77","first-page":"1","article-title":"Visual recognition and fault detection for power line insulators","author":"oberweger","year":"2014","journal-title":"Proc 19th Comput Vis Winter Workshop"},{"key":"ref74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2019.2931144"},{"key":"ref75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/en11020340"},{"key":"ref78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IJCNN.2016.7727606"},{"key":"ref79","article-title":"An introduction to convolutional neural networks","author":"o\u2019shea","year":"2015","journal-title":"arXiv 1511 08458"},{"key":"ref60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/SMC.2016.7844673"},{"key":"ref62","first-page":"122","article-title":"Defect detection of photovoltaic modules based on convolutional neural network","author":"sun","year":"2017","journal-title":"Proc Int Conf Mach Learn Intell Commun"},{"key":"ref61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3378184.3378185"},{"key":"ref63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSMC.2019.2896922"},{"key":"ref64","first-page":"5","article-title":"Autonomous detection of PV panels using a drone","volume":"4","author":"ismail","year":"2020","journal-title":"Dyn Vib Control"},{"key":"ref65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-43473-1_13"},{"key":"ref66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/PVSC.2016.7750236"},{"key":"ref67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/WACV.2016.7477658"},{"key":"ref68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCEP.2017.8004778"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2017.2756872"},{"key":"ref69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIE.2015.2475235"},{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/su12020492"},{"key":"ref109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IWCMC.2019.8766580"},{"key":"ref95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIA.2020.2990096"},{"key":"ref108","article-title":"Deep learning&#x2013;based eco-driving system for battery electric vehicles","author":"wu","year":"2019","journal-title":"UC Davis Res Rep"},{"key":"ref94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.energy.2019.03.083"},{"key":"ref107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCYB.2020.2975134"},{"key":"ref93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.enpol.2018.01.006"},{"key":"ref106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpowsour.2020.227964"},{"key":"ref92","first-page":"1","article-title":"The method of insulator recognition based on deep learning","author":"liu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Proc 4th Int Conf Appl Robot Power Ind (CARPI)"},{"key":"ref105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rser.2019.109596"},{"key":"ref91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TAES.2018.2883879"},{"key":"ref104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICEES.2019.8719243"},{"key":"ref90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JPETS.2018.2881429"},{"key":"ref103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11432-018-9690-y"},{"key":"ref102","article-title":"Reinforcement learning-based load forecasting of electric vehicle charging station using Q-learning technique","author":"dabbaghjamanesh","year":"2020","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Ind Informat"},{"key":"ref111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TITS.2020.3002271"},{"key":"ref112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/en12142692"},{"key":"ref110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIA.2020.3004294"},{"key":"ref98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.energy.2020.117297"},{"key":"ref99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11431-018-9396-0"},{"key":"ref96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TVT.2020.2999263"},{"key":"ref97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/app10020482"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s20143817"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JRPROC.1961.287775"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2017.06.011"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pecs.2008.01.001"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mfglet.2018.09.002"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1631\/FITEE.1601885"},{"key":"ref118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.35833\/MPCE.2018.000802"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ymssp.2018.02.016"},{"key":"ref82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSMC.2018.2871750"},{"key":"ref117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neucom.2020.05.036"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cities.2019.01.032"},{"key":"ref81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/rs13020230"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2018.2870052"},{"key":"ref84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/app9102009"},{"key":"ref119","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JSEN.2020.3029459"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.23919\/MIPRO.2018.8400040"},{"key":"ref83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/en13133348"},{"key":"ref114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trc.2018.12.018"},{"key":"ref113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/app9091723"},{"key":"ref116","first-page":"689","article-title":"Multimodal deep learning","author":"ngiam","year":"2011","journal-title":"Proc 28th Int Conf Mach Learn"},{"key":"ref80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1742-6596\/1069\/1\/012147"},{"key":"ref115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TII.2019.2903098"},{"key":"ref89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/SIU.2018.8404196"},{"key":"ref85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCA.2018.8444172"},{"key":"ref86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11042-016-3981-2"},{"key":"ref87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ISISE.2012.93"},{"key":"ref88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/APPEEC.2012.6307691"}],"container-title":["IEEE Access"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx7\/6287639\/9312710\/09371691.pdf?arnumber=9371691","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,17]],"date-time":"2021-12-17T19:57:14Z","timestamp":1639771034000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/9371691\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021]]},"references-count":119,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/access.2021.3064360","relation":{},"ISSN":["2169-3536"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2169-3536","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021]]}}}