{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,23]],"date-time":"2026-04-23T10:20:25Z","timestamp":1776939625274,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":197,"publisher":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,1]],"date-time":"2021-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1609459200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/legalcode"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001667","name":"European Research Consortium for Informatics and Mathematics (ERCIM) \u201cAlain Benoussan\u201d Fellowship Programme","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2019\u201340"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019\u201340"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001667","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Color and Visual Computing Laboratory, Department of Computer Science, NTNU, Gj\u00f8vik"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IEEE Access"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021]]},"DOI":"10.1109\/access.2021.3101039","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,29]],"date-time":"2021-07-29T20:08:28Z","timestamp":1627589308000},"page":"118379-118405","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":41,"title":["A Systematic Mapping Review on MOOC Recommender Systems"],"prefix":"10.1109","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4070-4243","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Imran","family":"Uddin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2416-2878","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ali Shariq","family":"Imran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5302-1150","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Khan","family":"Muhammad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nosheen","family":"Fayyaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5646-0338","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Muhammad","family":"Sajjad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"key":"ref170","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2021.3072222"},{"key":"ref172","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2139\/ssrn.2381263"},{"key":"ref171","year":"2014","journal-title":"HarvardX-MITx Person-Course Academic Year 2013 De-Identified Dataset Version 2 0 Harvard Dataverse (2014)"},{"key":"ref174","first-page":"174","article-title":"Do MOOC students come back for more? Recurring students in the GdP MOOC","author":"bouchet","year":"2015","journal-title":"Proc Eur MOOCs Stakeholders Summit"},{"key":"ref173","year":"2015","journal-title":"Introduction to Computer Networks"},{"key":"ref176","author":"akshay","year":"2014","journal-title":"The Stanford MOOCPosts Data Set"},{"key":"ref175","year":"2016","journal-title":"StackSample 10% of Stack Overflow Q & A (Version 1 ed )"},{"key":"ref178","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-77712-2_133"},{"key":"ref177","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3303772.3303814"},{"key":"ref168","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/5555226"},{"key":"ref169","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14742\/ajet.6646"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-0-387-85820-3_6"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1409540.1409544"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/245108.245121"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.infsof.2008.09.009"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/963770.963772"},{"key":"ref30","first-page":"1519","article-title":"Enhancing e-learning systems with personalized recommendation based on collaborative tagging techniques","volume":"48","author":"kla\u0161nja-mili?evi?","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Speech Technol"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-29659-3"},{"key":"ref36","author":"manouselis","year":"2012","journal-title":"Recommender Systems for Learning"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/138859.138867"},{"key":"ref34","first-page":"1","article-title":"Recommender systems for digital libraries: A review of concepts and concerns","author":"gupta","year":"2019","journal-title":"Library Philosophy & Practice"},{"key":"ref181","first-page":"674","article-title":"Learning and teaching styles in engineering education","volume":"78","author":"felder","year":"1988","journal-title":"Eng Educ"},{"key":"ref180","author":"downs","year":"2017","journal-title":"What&#x2019;s the Difference Between Personalized and Adaptive Learning?"},{"key":"ref185","author":"reisig","year":"2012","journal-title":"A Primer in Petri Net Design"},{"key":"ref184","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/jpm.2010.0232"},{"key":"ref183","author":"tsai","year":"2021","journal-title":"What is learning analytics"},{"key":"ref182","first-page":"101","article-title":"Topic models","author":"blei","year":"2009","journal-title":"Text Mining"},{"key":"ref189","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10489-016-0892-x"},{"key":"ref188","author":"docs","year":"2020","journal-title":"Collaborative Filtering Advantages & Disadvantages"},{"key":"ref187","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10586-016-0670-x"},{"key":"ref186","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.inffus.2020.12.001"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2876034.2893378"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-39483-1_26"},{"key":"ref179","author":"kim","year":"2018","journal-title":"If Personalized Learning is the Journey Then Adaptive Learning is the Waze App"},{"key":"ref29","author":"marinho","year":"2009","journal-title":"Recommender Systems for Social Tagging Systems"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.19173\/irrodl.v15i1.1651"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-10671-7_4"},{"key":"ref21","first-page":"5825","article-title":"Dropout rates of massive open online courses: Behavioural patterns","volume":"1","author":"onah","year":"2014","journal-title":"Proc EDULEARN"},{"key":"ref24","first-page":"14","article-title":"Turn on, tune in, drop out: Anticipating student dropouts in massive open online courses","volume":"11","author":"yang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Proc NIPS Data-Driven Educ Workshop"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2460296.2460330"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/EDUCON.2018.8363340"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CSITSS.2018.8768755"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2018.2880197"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2017.12.020"},{"key":"ref154","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ISET49818.2020.00047"},{"key":"ref153","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICITBS49701.2020.00159"},{"key":"ref156","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICAC51239.2020.9357278"},{"key":"ref155","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCSEA49143.2020.9132845"},{"key":"ref150","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3991\/ijes.v8i1.14229"},{"key":"ref152","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/EDUCON45650.2020.9125245"},{"key":"ref151","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3991\/ijet.v15i20.15657"},{"key":"ref146","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2019.2911235"},{"key":"ref147","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1742-6596\/1302\/3\/032020"},{"key":"ref148","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00500-019-04205-x"},{"key":"ref149","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-981-15-5682-1_57"},{"key":"ref59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2661829.2662089"},{"key":"ref58","first-page":"42","article-title":"Online courses recommendation based on LDA","author":"apaza","year":"2014","journal-title":"Proc SIMBig"},{"key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MITE.2014.7020289"},{"key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICTS.2014.7010580"},{"key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2013.04.015"},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2017.2766287"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICIET51873.2021.9419580"},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/UMEDIA.2015.7297459"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0269888906000567"},{"key":"ref167","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0245485"},{"key":"ref166","author":"gusm\u00e3o","year":"0","journal-title":"Model for Content Recommendation in Massive Open Online Courses Motivational Actions in a Forum"},{"key":"ref165","first-page":"141","article-title":"Improving deep matrix factorization with normalized cross entropy loss function for graph-based MOOC recommendation","author":"le","year":"2020","journal-title":"Proc Int Conf Comput Graph Vis Comput Vis Image Process (CGVCVIP)"},{"key":"ref164","first-page":"1","article-title":"Apriori association rule for course recommender system","volume":"5","author":"fauzan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Indonesian Journal on Computing (Indo-JC)"},{"key":"ref163","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/8813615"},{"key":"ref162","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3397271.3401057"},{"key":"ref161","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3419604.3419621"},{"key":"ref160","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3419604.3419619"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bjet.12010"},{"key":"ref3","first-page":"16","article-title":"Open education, the long tail, and learning 2.0","volume":"43","author":"seely brown","year":"2008","journal-title":"EDUCAUSE Rev"},{"key":"ref6","first-page":"2012","article-title":"The Year of the MOOC","volume":"2","author":"pappano","year":"2012","journal-title":"The New York Times"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02680510802627787"},{"key":"ref8","article-title":"The MOOC model for digital practice","author":"mcauley","year":"2010"},{"key":"ref159","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3411564.3411572"},{"key":"ref7","first-page":"61","article-title":"The most important education technology in 200 years","volume":"116","author":"regalado","year":"2013","journal-title":"Technol Rev"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3285029"},{"key":"ref157","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1742-6596\/1437\/1\/012015"},{"key":"ref9","first-page":"13","article-title":"The latest development and application of massive open online course: From cMOOC to xMOOC","volume":"3","author":"ping","year":"2013","journal-title":"Modern Distance Education Research"},{"key":"ref158","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3393527.3393550"},{"key":"ref46","first-page":"23","article-title":"A comprehensive review of course recommender systems in e-learning","volume":"18","author":"ashraf","year":"2021","journal-title":"The Online Educator"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/data6020018"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10639-019-10063-9"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-981-15-0790-8_13"},{"key":"ref42","first-page":"121","article-title":"Exploiting contextual information from event logs for personalized recommendation","author":"lee","year":"2010","journal-title":"Computer and Information Science"},{"key":"ref41","first-page":"175","article-title":"Knowledge-based recommender systems","volume":"69","author":"burke","year":"2000","journal-title":"Encyclopedia of Library and Info Sys"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physrep.2012.02.006"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-72079-9_11"},{"key":"ref73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICALT.2016.42"},{"key":"ref72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICMCS.2016.7905606"},{"key":"ref71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/REV.2016.7444452"},{"key":"ref70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1049\/cp.2016.1479"},{"key":"ref76","first-page":"62","article-title":"Research on network curriculum resources recommendation system based on MVC technology","volume":"10","author":"song","year":"2016","journal-title":"Revista Ib&#x00E9;rica de Sistemas e Tecnologias de Informa&#x00E7;&#x00E3;o"},{"key":"ref77","article-title":"Combining dynamic A\/B experimentation and recommender systems in MOOCs","author":"williams","year":"2016","journal-title":"RecSys Posters"},{"key":"ref74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LISS.2016.7854393"},{"key":"ref75","first-page":"347","article-title":"Course content analysis: An initiative step toward learning object recommendation systems for MOOC learners","author":"dai","year":"2016","journal-title":"Proc 9th Int Conf Educ Data Mining (EDM)"},{"key":"ref78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2930238.2930264"},{"key":"ref79","first-page":"471","article-title":"Increasing MOOC completion rates through social interactions: A recommendation system","author":"labarthe","year":"2016","journal-title":"Proc EMOOCS Conf 4th Eur MOOCS Stakeholders Summit"},{"key":"ref60","article-title":"Peer influence on attrition in massively open online courses","author":"yang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Educational Data Mining"},{"key":"ref62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ITME.2015.99"},{"key":"ref61","article-title":"Forum thread recommendation for massive open online courses","author":"yang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Educational Data Mining"},{"key":"ref63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICALT.2015.72"},{"key":"ref64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IntelCIS.2015.7397219"},{"key":"ref65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/SPICES.2015.7091526"},{"key":"ref66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ISET.2015.31"},{"key":"ref67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CBMS.2015.22"},{"key":"ref68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1813","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sbspro.2015.06.395","article-title":"MOOC-rec: A case based recommender system for MOOCs","volume":"195","author":"bousbahi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Procedia - Social and Behavioral Science"},{"key":"ref69","first-page":"1249","article-title":"Collaborative filtering recommendation system: A framework in massive open online courses","author":"onah","year":"2015","journal-title":"Proc INTED"},{"key":"ref197","first-page":"13","article-title":"Pellet: An owl dl reasoner","volume":"18","author":"parsia","year":"2004","journal-title":"Proc 3rd Int Semantic Web Conf -Poster"},{"key":"ref193","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1021240730564"},{"key":"ref194","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1409360.1409377"},{"key":"ref195","author":"ims","year":"2003","journal-title":"IMS Learning Design Information Model"},{"key":"ref196","author":"brooke","year":"1996","journal-title":"Usability Evaluation in Industry"},{"key":"ref95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/AICCSA.2017.150"},{"key":"ref94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ELELTECH.2017.8074995"},{"key":"ref190","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/223904.223931"},{"key":"ref93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/UMEDIA.2017.8074083"},{"key":"ref191","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-0-387-85820-3_3"},{"key":"ref92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/UKRCON.2017.8100370"},{"key":"ref192","author":"docs","year":"2020","journal-title":"Content-Based Filtering Advantages & Disadvantages"},{"key":"ref91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICASI.2017.7988114"},{"key":"ref90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICALT.2017.89"},{"key":"ref98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11277-017-4499-2"},{"key":"ref99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-66733-1_17"},{"key":"ref96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ISET.2017.33"},{"key":"ref97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.11591\/ijece.v7i4.pp2152-2160"},{"key":"ref82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3099023.3099038"},{"key":"ref81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3027385.3029469"},{"key":"ref84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3099023.3099081"},{"key":"ref83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3051457.3051471"},{"key":"ref80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-56535-4_20"},{"key":"ref89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CSE-EUC.2017.46"},{"key":"ref85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3099023.3099036"},{"key":"ref86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cae.21785"},{"key":"ref87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IIAI-AAI.2017.176"},{"key":"ref88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IAEAC.2017.8054260"},{"key":"ref101","first-page":"24","article-title":"Adaptive sequential recommendation for discussion forums on MOOCs using context trees","author":"mi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Proc 10th Int Conf Educ Data Mining"},{"key":"ref100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-981-10-2419-1_20"},{"key":"ref127","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3298689.3347030"},{"key":"ref126","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3316615.3316713"},{"key":"ref125","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-16184-2_57"},{"key":"ref124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11036-018-1131-y"},{"key":"ref129","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-30033-3_28"},{"key":"ref128","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3338147.3338162"},{"key":"ref130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-21151-6_9"},{"key":"ref133","first-page":"21","article-title":"Ontology-based modeling for a personalized MOOC recommender system","author":"assami","year":"2018","journal-title":"Proc Int Conf Eur Middle East North Africa Inf Syst Technol Support Learn"},{"key":"ref134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/WITS.2019.8723670"},{"key":"ref131","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3314074.3314089"},{"key":"ref132","first-page":"725","article-title":"Personalized thread recommendation for MOOC discussion forums","author":"lan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Proc Eur Conf Mach Learn Knowl Discovery Databases"},{"key":"ref136","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICSSD47982.2019.9002699"},{"key":"ref135","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LWMOOCS47620.2019.8939621"},{"key":"ref138","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICSSD47982.2019.9003154"},{"key":"ref137","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICSEC47112.2019.8974770"},{"key":"ref139","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICTA49490.2019.9144850"},{"key":"ref140","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/SysCoBIoTS48768.2019.9028023"},{"key":"ref141","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/EDUCON.2019.8725079"},{"key":"ref142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICAC49085.2019.9103376"},{"key":"ref143","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICALT.2019.00015"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/986213.986216"},{"key":"ref144","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICAC49085.2019.9103397"},{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2020.3001344"},{"key":"ref145","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCSE.2019.8845533"},{"key":"ref109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/INFCOMW.2018.8406936"},{"key":"ref108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MITE.2018.8747056"},{"key":"ref107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/EDUCON.2018.8363375"},{"key":"ref106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICSC.2018.00079"},{"key":"ref105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IRI.2018.00036"},{"key":"ref104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICSAI.2018.8599503"},{"key":"ref103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/INFOCOM.2018.8485927"},{"key":"ref102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1108\/IJCS-08-2017-0021"},{"key":"ref111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3164541.3164636"},{"key":"ref112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3173574.3173903"},{"key":"ref110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1145\/3289100.3289115","article-title":"MOOCs&#x2019; recommendation based on forum latent Dirichlet allocation","author":"zarra","year":"2018","journal-title":"Proc 2nd Int Conf Smart Digit Environ"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2723576.2723609"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5220\/0005445200880097"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/17439884.2017.1278021"},{"key":"ref13","author":"blog","year":"2020","journal-title":"xMOOC vs cMOOC? Defining Common MOOC Terms"},{"key":"ref14","article-title":"The pedagogy of the massive open online course (MOOC): The UK view","author":"bayne","year":"2014"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.19173\/irrodl.v21i4.4643"},{"key":"ref16","article-title":"Year of MOOC-based degrees: A review of MOOC stats and trends in 2018","author":"shah","year":"2020"},{"key":"ref118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-01298-4_20"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11159-018-9707-0"},{"key":"ref117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-02925-8_27"},{"key":"ref18","author":"shah","year":"2015","journal-title":"By the Numbers MOOCS in 2015-Class Central&#x2019;s MOOC Report"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14313\/JAMRIS\/4-2020\/48"},{"key":"ref119","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5220\/0006786006350641"},{"key":"ref114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cae.21995"},{"key":"ref113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11042-017-4620-2"},{"key":"ref116","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3206025.3206087"},{"key":"ref115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-04648-4_35"},{"key":"ref120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-59480-4_57"},{"key":"ref121","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5220\/0006929900530062"},{"key":"ref122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11280-018-0559-0"},{"key":"ref123","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40649-019-0065-2"}],"container-title":["IEEE Access"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx7\/6287639\/9312710\/09501040.pdf?arnumber=9501040","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,6]],"date-time":"2023-11-06T17:10:18Z","timestamp":1699290618000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/9501040\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021]]},"references-count":197,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/access.2021.3101039","relation":{},"ISSN":["2169-3536"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2169-3536","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021]]}}}