{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,26]],"date-time":"2026-03-26T16:03:14Z","timestamp":1774540994106,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":67,"publisher":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,1]],"date-time":"2021-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1609459200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science (IDI), Faculty of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Gj\u00f8vik, Norway"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IEEE Access"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021]]},"DOI":"10.1109\/access.2021.3110285","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,3]],"date-time":"2021-09-03T20:06:28Z","timestamp":1630699588000},"page":"124478-124490","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":43,"title":["The Impact of Translating Resource-Rich Datasets to Low-Resource Languages Through Multi-Lingual Text Processing"],"prefix":"10.1109","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2319-152X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abdul","family":"Ghafoor","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2416-2878","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ali Shariq","family":"Imran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6684-751X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sher Muhammad","family":"Daudpota","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0199-2377","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zenun","family":"Kastrati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"family":"Abdullah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2176-2509","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rakhi","family":"Batra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Mudasir Ahmad","family":"Wani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"key":"ref39","first-page":"78","article-title":"The impact of indirect machine translation on sentiment classification","author":"poncelas","year":"2020","journal-title":"Proc 14th Conf Assoc Mach Transl Americas"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2020.coling-main.304"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.3390\/info10040150","article-title":"Text classification algorithms: A survey","volume":"10","author":"kowsari","year":"2019","journal-title":"Information"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/P19-1555"},{"key":"ref31","first-page":"8854","article-title":"Evaluating the cross-lingual effectiveness of massively multilingual neural machine translation","volume":"34","author":"siddhant","year":"2020","journal-title":"Proc AAAI Conf Artif Intell"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1162\/tacl_a_00343"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/exsy.12397"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.csl.2013.03.004"},{"key":"ref35","article-title":"Multilingual sentiment analysis: An RNN-based framework for limited data","author":"can","year":"2018","journal-title":"arXiv 1806 04511"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICDEW.2008.4498370"},{"key":"ref60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2766462.2767830"},{"key":"ref62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/GrC.2007.40"},{"key":"ref61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt1206-1565"},{"key":"ref63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.patcog.2019.02.023"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ins.2019.10.031"},{"key":"ref64","author":"baugh","year":"2020","journal-title":"A History of the English Language"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-020-18073-9"},{"key":"ref65","first-page":"366","article-title":"Implicit negation in selected romantic poems in the English and Arabic (poetry contrastive study)","volume":"14","author":"muslah","year":"2015","journal-title":"Al-Bahith J"},{"key":"ref66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"470","DOI":"10.17706\/jcp.12.5.470-478","article-title":"Negation handling in sentiment analysis at sentence level","volume":"12","author":"farooq","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Comput"},{"key":"ref29","first-page":"1","article-title":"Beyond English-Centric multilingual machine translation","volume":"22","author":"fan","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Mach Learn Res"},{"key":"ref67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dcan.2016.06.002","article-title":"Sarcastic sentiment detection in tweets streamed in real time: A big data approach","volume":"2","author":"bharti","year":"2016","journal-title":"Digit Commun Netw"},{"key":"ref2","first-page":"1","article-title":"The global spread of the internet: The role of international diffusion pressures in technology adoption","author":"milner","year":"2003","journal-title":"Proc 2nd Conf Interdependence Diffusion Sovereignty"},{"key":"ref1","author":"mcpherson","year":"2009","journal-title":"Tim Berners-Lee inventor of the World Wide Web"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5120\/ijca2015905866"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2020.coling-main.91"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2020.2969854"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2020.05.006"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2020.114155"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.csl.2020.101155"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2019.2908420"},{"key":"ref50","first-page":"2537","article-title":"Data augmentation using machine translation for fake news detection in the Urdu language","author":"amjad","year":"2020","journal-title":"Proc 12th Lang Resour Eval Conf"},{"key":"ref51","first-page":"1","article-title":"Analyzing Urdu social media for sentiments using transfer learning with controlled translations","author":"mukund","year":"2012","journal-title":"Proc 2nd Workshop Lang Social Media"},{"key":"ref59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5841","DOI":"10.3390\/app10175841","article-title":"Bi-LSTM model to increase accuracy in text classification: Combining Word2vec CNN and attention mechanism","volume":"10","author":"jang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Appl Sci"},{"key":"ref58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3234150"},{"key":"ref57","article-title":"Neural machine translation by jointly learning to align and translate","author":"bahdanau","year":"2015","journal-title":"Proc 3rd Int Conf Learn Represent (ICLR)"},{"key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3115\/v1\/P15-1002"},{"key":"ref55","first-page":"1","article-title":"Google&#x2019;s neural machine translation system: Bridging the gap between human and machine translation","volume":"abs 1609 8144","author":"wu","year":"2016","journal-title":"CoRR"},{"key":"ref54","first-page":"142","article-title":"Learning word vectors for sentiment analysis","author":"maas","year":"2011","journal-title":"Proc 49th Annu Meeting Assoc Comput Linguistics Human Lang Technol"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-76423-4_5"},{"key":"ref52","first-page":"76","article-title":"Multi-task learning for cross-lingual sentiment analysis","author":"thakkar","year":"2021","journal-title":"Proc CLEOPATRA"},{"key":"ref10","first-page":"193","article-title":"Determining term subjectivity and term orientation for opinion mining","author":"esuli","year":"2006","journal-title":"Proc 11th Conf Eur Assoc Comput Linguistics"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/219717.219748"},{"key":"ref40","first-page":"2475","article-title":"XNLI: Evaluating cross-lingual sentence representations","author":"conneau","year":"2020","journal-title":"Proc Conf Empirical Methods Natural Lang Process (EMNLP)"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3115\/1699571.1699591"},{"key":"ref13","first-page":"209","article-title":"Mining wordnet for a fuzzy sentiment: Sentiment tag extraction from wordnet glosses","author":"andreevskaia","year":"2006","journal-title":"Proc 11th Conf Eur Chapter Assoc Comput Linguistics"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1099554.1099713"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1341531.1341561"},{"key":"ref16","first-page":"417","article-title":"SentiWordNet: A publicly available lexical resource for opinion mining","volume":"6","author":"esuli","year":"2006","journal-title":"Proc LREC"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/775224.775226"},{"key":"ref18","first-page":"1386","article-title":"A study of information retrieval weighting schemes for sentiment analysis","author":"paltoglou","year":"2010","journal-title":"Proc Annual Meeting of the Assoc Computational Linguistics"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3115\/1118693.1118704"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/cpb.2006.9967"},{"key":"ref3","first-page":"1","article-title":"Social media & mobile internet use among teens and young adults. millennials","author":"lenhart","year":"2010","journal-title":"Pew Internet and American Life Project"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tele.2017.06.003"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2304\/elea.2004.1.3.5"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3986","DOI":"10.3390\/app11093986","article-title":"Sentiment analysis of students&#x2019; feedback with NLP and deep learning: A systematic mapping study","volume":"11","author":"kastrati","year":"2021","journal-title":"Appl Sci"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10115-018-1236-4"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s42979-020-00279-9"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2020.3027350"},{"key":"ref46","first-page":"330","article-title":"Sentiment classification of Roman-Urdu opinions using Na&#x00EF;ve Bayesian, decision tree and KNN classification techniques","volume":"28","author":"bilal","year":"2016","journal-title":"J King Saud Univ -Comput Inf Sci"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10462-016-9508-4"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.22581\/muet1982.1902.20"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tele.2018.08.003"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2851613.2851817"},{"key":"ref41","first-page":"2200","article-title":"SentiWordNet 3.0: An enhanced lexical resource for sentiment analysis and opinion mining","volume":"10","author":"baccianella","year":"2010","journal-title":"Proc Int Conf Lang Resour Eval (LREC)"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2020.coling-main.23"},{"key":"ref43","first-page":"51","article-title":"The impact of machine translation on sentiment analysis","volume":"63","author":"shalunts","year":"2016","journal-title":"Data Anal"}],"container-title":["IEEE Access"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx7\/6287639\/9312710\/09529190.pdf?arnumber=9529190","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,27]],"date-time":"2022-01-27T01:54:10Z","timestamp":1643248450000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/9529190\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021]]},"references-count":67,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/access.2021.3110285","relation":{},"ISSN":["2169-3536"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2169-3536","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021]]}}}