{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]],"date-time":"2025-02-21T20:21:10Z","timestamp":1740169270349,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,1]],"date-time":"2021-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1609459200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/legalcode"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Social Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["20AZD114"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20AZD114"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002888","name":"General Science and Technology Projects of Beijing Municipal Education Commission","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["KM202014019002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KM202014019002"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002888","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Special Project of Beijing Public Security Bureau","award":["202099017"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["202099017"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IEEE Access"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021]]},"DOI":"10.1109\/access.2021.3112190","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,13]],"date-time":"2021-09-13T20:53:42Z","timestamp":1631566422000},"page":"129539-129551","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["CHARM: An Improved Method for Chinese Precoding and Character-Level Embedding"],"prefix":"10.1109","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2933-8884","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiaoming","family":"Fan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tuo","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9276-7385","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jiayan","family":"Cai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Binjun","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"journal-title":"Text-Classification-CNN-RNN","year":"2019","key":"ref33"},{"key":"ref32","first-page":"5753","article-title":"XLNet: Generalized autoregressive pretraining for language understanding","author":"yang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Proc NeurIPS"},{"key":"ref31","first-page":"32","article-title":"Research on Chinese character embedding based on its inherent attributes","volume":"31","author":"hu","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Chin Inf Process"},{"key":"ref30","first-page":"135","article-title":"Character-level convolutional neural network for short text classification","volume":"55","author":"liu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Comput Eng Appl"},{"key":"ref35","first-page":"5998","article-title":"Attention is all you need","author":"vaswani","year":"2017","journal-title":"Proc NIPS"},{"key":"ref34","article-title":"Bidirectional LSTM-CRF models for sequence tagging","author":"huang","year":"2015","journal-title":"arXiv 1508 01991"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/P18-1007"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1162\/tacl_a_00051"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11431-020-1647-3"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/P16-1160"},{"key":"ref14","article-title":"A hybrid word-character approach to abstractive summarization","author":"chang","year":"2018","journal-title":"arXiv 1802 09968"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2020.2982538"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/P16-1100"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-12640-1_34"},{"key":"ref18","first-page":"5053","article-title":"Cw2vec: Learning Chinese word embeddings with stroke n-gram information","author":"cao","year":"2018","journal-title":"Proc AAAI"},{"key":"ref19","first-page":"166","article-title":"Character level text classification based on fully convolutional neural network","volume":"56","author":"zhang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Comput Eng Appl"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3115\/v1\/D14-1181"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3115\/v1\/D14-1162"},{"key":"ref27","first-page":"184","article-title":"Five-stroke based CNN-BiRNN-CRF network for Chinese named entity recognition","author":"yang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Proc ICN"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/E17-2068"},{"key":"ref6","first-page":"4171","article-title":"BERT: Pre-training of deep bidirectional transformers for language understanding","author":"devlin","year":"2019","journal-title":"Proc NAACL-HLT"},{"key":"ref29","first-page":"2741","article-title":"Character-aware neural language models","author":"kim","year":"2016","journal-title":"Proc AAAI"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/N18-1202"},{"journal-title":"The unreasonable effectiveness of recurrent neural networks","year":"2015","author":"karpathy","key":"ref8"},{"key":"ref7","first-page":"649","article-title":"Character-level convolutional networks for text classification","author":"zhang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Proc NIPS"},{"key":"ref2","first-page":"3111","article-title":"Distributed representations of words and phrases and their compositionality","author":"mikolov","year":"2013","journal-title":"Proc NIPS"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/P16-1162"},{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1162\/153244303322533223"},{"key":"ref20","first-page":"2746","article-title":"Glyce: Glyph-vectors for Chinese character representations","author":"meng","year":"2019","journal-title":"Proc NeurIPS"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/D17-1025"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICITBS49701.2020.00212"},{"key":"ref24","first-page":"80","article-title":"Chinese text sentiment analysis based on joint network and attention model","volume":"37","author":"wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Microelectron Comput"},{"key":"ref23","first-page":"17","article-title":"Design and research on Chinese word embedding model based on strokes","volume":"33","author":"zhao","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Chin Inf Process"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/D15-1098"},{"key":"ref25","first-page":"140","article-title":"Combination methods of Chinese character and word embeddings in deep learning","volume":"31","author":"li","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Chin Inf Process"}],"container-title":["IEEE Access"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx7\/6287639\/9312710\/09536576.pdf?arnumber=9536576","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,17]],"date-time":"2021-12-17T19:55:35Z","timestamp":1639770935000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/9536576\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021]]},"references-count":35,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/access.2021.3112190","relation":{},"ISSN":["2169-3536"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"2169-3536"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021]]}}}