{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,7]],"date-time":"2026-01-07T23:50:38Z","timestamp":1767829838933,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,1]],"date-time":"2021-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1609459200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/legalcode"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007161","name":"Mexican Government through Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnolog\u00eda (CONACYT), Mexico","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["A1-S-47854"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["A1-S-47854"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007161","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007161","name":"Secretar\u00eda de Investigaci\u00f3n y Posgrado of the Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional, Mexico","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["20211784"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20211784"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007161","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007161","name":"Secretar\u00eda de Investigaci\u00f3n y Posgrado of the Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional, Mexico","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["20211884"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20211884"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007161","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007161","name":"Secretar\u00eda de Investigaci\u00f3n y Posgrado of the Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional, Mexico","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["20211178"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20211178"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007161","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IEEE Access"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021]]},"DOI":"10.1109\/access.2021.3112500","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,14]],"date-time":"2021-09-14T20:24:55Z","timestamp":1631651095000},"page":"128302-128313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["Threatening Language Detection and Target Identification in Urdu Tweets"],"prefix":"10.1109","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Maaz","family":"Amjad","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n en Computaci\u00f3n (CIC), Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City, Mexico"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9312-9502","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Noman","family":"Ashraf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n en Computaci\u00f3n (CIC), Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City, Mexico"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1975-303X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alisa","family":"Zhila","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3901-3522","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Grigori","family":"Sidorov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n en Computaci\u00f3n (CIC), Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City, Mexico"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4583-3623","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Arkaitz","family":"Zubiaga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electronic Engineering and Computer Science, Queen Mary University of London, London, U.K."}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7845-9039","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexander","family":"Gelbukh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n en Computaci\u00f3n (CIC), Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City, Mexico"}]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/001316446002000104"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/N19-1144"},{"key":"ref33","article-title":"Offensive language and hate speech detection for Danish","author":"ingi sigurbergsson","year":"2019","journal-title":"arXiv 1908 04531"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICIMTech.2019.8843722"},{"key":"ref31","first-page":"102","article-title":"A machine learning approach for detecting aggressive tweets in Spanish","author":"g\u00f3mez-adorno","year":"2018","journal-title":"Proc SEPLN"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3243082.3243111"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/UBMK.2017.8093411"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.asr.2007.07.020"},{"key":"ref35","author":"ptaszynski","year":"2018","journal-title":"Automatic Cyberbullying Detection Emerging Research and Opportunities Emerging Research and Opportunities"},{"key":"ref34","first-page":"645","article-title":"Detecting nasty comments from BBS posts","author":"ishisaka","year":"2010","journal-title":"Proc 24th Pacific Asia Conf Lang Inf Comput"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1140\/epjds\/s13688-016-0072-6"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/W18-5113"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dss.2018.06.009"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.paid.2019.01.024"},{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/W16-3638"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.procs.2018.10.491"},{"key":"ref22","first-page":"16","article-title":"Offensive language detection using multi-level classification","author":"razavi","year":"2010","journal-title":"Proc 9th Canadian Conf Artificial Intell"},{"key":"ref21","article-title":"Abusive language detection with graph convolutional networks","author":"mishra","year":"2019","journal-title":"arXiv 1904 04073"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/SocialCom-PASSAT.2012.55"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/W17-3006"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/S19-2119"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/N19-1144"},{"key":"ref10","first-page":"136","article-title":"Ransomware, threat and detection techniques: A review","volume":"19","author":"kok","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int J Comput Sci Netw Secur"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"512","DOI":"10.1609\/icwsm.v11i1.14955","article-title":"Automated hate speech detection and the problem of offensive language","volume":"11","author":"davidson","year":"2017","journal-title":"Proc Int AAAI Conf Web Social Media"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-43020-7_89"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IJCNN.2019.8852475"},{"key":"ref13","article-title":"OSACT4 shared task on offensive language detection: Intensive preprocessing-based approach","author":"husain","year":"2020","journal-title":"arXiv 2005 07297"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.26615\/978-954-452-049-6_062"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3366424.3385778"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICASERT.2019.8934609"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/W19-3513"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-37256-8_16"},{"key":"ref19","first-page":"1","article-title":"Hate speech detection through AlBERTo Italian language understanding model","author":"polignano","year":"2019","journal-title":"Proc NL4AIAIIA"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3041021.3054223"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/W17-1101"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2396761.2398556"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3115\/v1\/P15-1130"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/BigData.2018.8622506"},{"key":"ref7","first-page":"86","article-title":"Hate me, hate me not: Hate speech detection on Facebook","author":"del vigna","year":"2017","journal-title":"Proc 1st Italian Conf Cybersecur (ITASEC)"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.26615\/978-954-452-056-4_118"},{"key":"ref9","first-page":"220","article-title":"Twitterosint: Automated cybersecurity threat intelligence collection and analysis using Twitter data","author":"vadapalli","year":"2018","journal-title":"Proc Int Conf Secur Manage (SAM)"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1352-2310(97)00447-0"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.4310\/SII.2009.v2.n3.a8","article-title":"Multi-class AdaBoost","volume":"2","author":"zhu","year":"2009","journal-title":"Statist Interface"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1162\/neco.1997.9.8.1735"},{"key":"ref47","article-title":"An introduction to convolutional neural networks","author":"o\u2019shea","year":"2015","journal-title":"arXiv 1511 08458"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2021.3093078"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.13053\/cys-24-3-3476"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/app8060981"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1162\/tacl_a_00051"}],"container-title":["IEEE Access"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx7\/6287639\/9312710\/09536729.pdf?arnumber=9536729","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,9]],"date-time":"2023-01-09T05:30:25Z","timestamp":1673242225000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/9536729\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021]]},"references-count":49,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/access.2021.3112500","relation":{},"ISSN":["2169-3536"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2169-3536","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021]]}}}