{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,20]],"date-time":"2026-05-20T16:39:24Z","timestamp":1779295164604,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,1]],"date-time":"2022-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640995200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IEEE Access"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022]]},"DOI":"10.1109\/access.2022.3157337","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,8]],"date-time":"2022-03-08T21:35:35Z","timestamp":1646775335000},"page":"27960-27969","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Galileo OSNMA Public Observation Phase: Signal Testing and Validation"],"prefix":"10.1109","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5282-2677","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mario","family":"Nicola","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"LINKS Foundation, Torino, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6504-8414","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Beatrice","family":"Motella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LINKS Foundation, Torino, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6914-3040","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marco","family":"Pini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LINKS Foundation, Torino, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0514-4148","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emanuela","family":"Falletti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LINKS Foundation, Torino, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"key":"ref1","article-title":"Vulnerability assessment of the transporation infrastructure relying on the global positioning system","author":"John","year":"2001"},{"key":"ref2","volume-title":"UT Austin Researchers Successfully Spoof an $80 million Yacht at Sea","year":"2013"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/navi.183"},{"key":"ref4","article-title":"Spoofing in the Black Sea: What really happened?","author":"Jones","year":"2017","journal-title":"GPS World"},{"key":"ref5","volume-title":"Thousands of GNSS Jamming and Spoofing Incidents Reported in 2020","year":"2022"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/127072"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/navi.65"},{"key":"ref8","volume-title":"GNSS Interference Threats Countermeasures (GNSS Technology) Applications","author":"Margaria","year":"2015"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TAES.2016.150148"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JPROC.2016.2529600"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JPROC.2016.2526658"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JPROC.2016.2535898"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MSP.2017.2715898"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.33012\/2021.17886"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.33012\/2021.17886"},{"key":"ref16","volume-title":"GALILEO Open Service Navigation Message Authentication (OSNMA) Receiver Guidelines for the Test Phase, Issue 1.0","year":"2021"},{"key":"ref17","volume-title":"Tests of Galileo OSNMA Underway","year":"2022"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.33012\/2021.17886"},{"key":"ref19","volume-title":"The GNSS Spectrum","author":"Orolia","year":"2019"},{"key":"ref20","volume-title":"Interface Specification, Chips Message Robust Authentication (Chimera) Enhancement for the L1C Signal: Space Segment\/User Segment Interface","year":"2019"},{"key":"ref21","volume-title":"GALILEO Authentication and High-Accuracy Service: Coming on Fast","author":"Gutierrez","year":"2021"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.23919\/ENC48637.2020.9317338"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.33012\/2021.18127"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/PLANS.2018.8373475"},{"key":"ref25","volume-title":"GALILEO Navigation Message Authentication Specifications for Signal-In-Space Testing","year":"2016"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/navi.125"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/EURONAV.2019.8714151"},{"key":"ref28","first-page":"26","volume-title":"What is navigation message authentication?","author":"O\u2019Driscoll","year":"2018"},{"key":"ref29","first-page":"2","article-title":"The TESLA broadcast authentication protocol","volume-title":"Proc. CryptoBytes","author":"Perrig"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.33012\/2020.17191"},{"key":"ref31","first-page":"2171","article-title":"N-gene GNSS software receiver for acquisition and tracking algorithms validation","volume-title":"Proc. Eur. Signal Process. Conf. (EUSIPCO),","author":"Molino"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/NAVITEC.2010.5707990"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/NAVITEC.2010.5708018"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/NAVITEC.2012.6423065"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/PLANS.2016.7479732"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s18124130"},{"key":"ref37","first-page":"1","article-title":"ENGene: An ARM based embedded real-time software GNSS receiver","volume-title":"Proc. Int. Tech. Meeting Satell. Division Inst. Navigat.","author":"Troglia Gamba"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICL-GNSS49876.2020.9115539"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s21020467"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.33012\/2021.17966"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.33012\/2020.17717"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2021.3107871"}],"container-title":["IEEE Access"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx7\/6287639\/9668973\/09729708.pdf?arnumber=9729708","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,17]],"date-time":"2024-01-17T23:44:55Z","timestamp":1705535095000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/9729708\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022]]},"references-count":42,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/access.2022.3157337","relation":{},"ISSN":["2169-3536"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2169-3536","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022]]}}}