{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,24]],"date-time":"2026-03-24T04:07:48Z","timestamp":1774325268401,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":122,"publisher":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,1]],"date-time":"2022-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640995200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/legalcode"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010418","name":"Defence Science Technologies Laboratory","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Dstlx-1000147352"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Dstlx-1000147352"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010418","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010418","name":"Defence Science Technologies Laboratory","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Dstlx-1000147844"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Dstlx-1000147844"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010418","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000266","name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["EP\/T00097X\/1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["EP\/T00097X\/1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000266","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000266","name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["EP\/S026428\/1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["EP\/S026428\/1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000266","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IEEE Access"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022]]},"DOI":"10.1109\/access.2022.3162866","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,28]],"date-time":"2022-03-28T20:51:04Z","timestamp":1648500664000},"page":"38154-38164","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["DroneSense: The Identification, Segmentation, and Orientation Detection of Drones via Neural Networks"],"prefix":"10.1109","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2038-063X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stirling","family":"Scholes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, U.K."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6280-2760","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alice","family":"Ruget","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, U.K."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"German","family":"Mora-Martin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Engineering, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, U.K."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Feng","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, U.K."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Istvan","family":"Gyongy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Engineering, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, U.K."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3561-4953","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jonathan","family":"Leach","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, U.K."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"key":"ref1","article-title":"Drone sightings and close encounters: An analysis","author":"Gettinger","year":"2015"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pubrev.2020.101886"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14751798.2018.1478183"},{"key":"ref4","first-page":"1","article-title":"The democratization of airpower: The insurgent and the drone","volume":"18","author":"Hammes","year":"2016","journal-title":"War Rocks"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MSPEC.2019.8678424"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3325421.3329766"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1049\/et.2019.0201"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MCOM.2018.1700340"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/GLOCOM.2018.8647288"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2018.2831911"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/AERO.2019.8741970"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICIoT48696.2020.9089657"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3243250.3243272"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICIoT48696.2020.9089489"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.23919\/JCC.2020.02.007"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/VTCFall.2019.8891229"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1117\/12.2514759"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/WCNC.2019.8886040"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIFS.2018.2819126"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/OJCOMS.2020.2984312"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/COMSNETS51098.2021.9352891"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MNET.011.2000204"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s21061947"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3448115"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICTC49870.2020.9289516"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5220\/0007556007660772"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TVT.2019.2893615"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IRC.2019.00103"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IBCAST51254.2021.9393232"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3837\/tiis.2019.10.014"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/informatics7030023"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.23919\/EUSIPCO.2017.8081531"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s21154953"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IWCMC.2019.8766732"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.23919\/Eusipco47968.2020.9287433"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/AVSS.2018.8639425"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/SAS.2017.7894058"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICSEC.2018.8712755"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3400286.3418267"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICTON.2018.8473885"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ELMAR.2019.8918664"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/SPS.2019.8882033"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIM.2019.2905751"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIM.2018.2811256"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TAES.2019.2895585"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/SENSORS47125.2020.9278678"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.patcog.2020.107709"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/RadarConf2043947.2020.9266538"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1049\/el.2017.4317"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MetroAeroSpace.2018.8453572"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.26833\/ijeg.648847"},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.23919\/ISAP47053.2021.9391260"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/RADAR.2018.8557320"},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.23919\/MIKON.2018.8405329"},{"key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICMMT.2018.8563643"},{"key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1587\/comex.2017XBL0079"},{"key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1587\/comex.2018XBL0084"},{"key":"ref58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/WiSNeT46826.2020.9037614"},{"key":"ref59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/electronics10060747"},{"key":"ref60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MILTECHS.2017.7988830"},{"key":"ref61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1049\/iet-rsn.2018.0020"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref62","first-page":"16","article-title":"A review of copter drone detection using radar systems","volume":"12","author":"Musa","year":"2019","journal-title":"Def. S&T Tech. Bull."},{"key":"ref63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s20154172"},{"key":"ref64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2019.2942944"},{"key":"ref65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IROS.2018.8593405"},{"key":"ref66","article-title":"Small infrared target detection by data-driven proposal and deep learning-based classification","volume":"10624","author":"Ryu","year":"2018"},{"key":"ref67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2016.91"},{"key":"ref68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICICCS48265.2020.9121150"},{"key":"ref69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2016.90"},{"key":"ref70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-34995-0_65"},{"key":"ref71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.23919\/ICCAS.2017.8204318"},{"key":"ref72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1757-899X\/322\/5\/052005"},{"key":"ref73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s41074-019-0059-x"},{"key":"ref74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-00557-3_3"},{"key":"ref75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICTC46691.2019.8939564"},{"key":"ref76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPRW50498.2020.00523"},{"key":"ref77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13640-021-00559-1"},{"key":"ref78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/AVSS.2017.8078558"},{"key":"ref79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/AVSS.2019.8909876"},{"key":"ref80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/AVSS.2019.8909854"},{"key":"ref81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s21082824"},{"key":"ref82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-981-10-7305-2_17"},{"key":"ref83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s20143856"},{"key":"ref84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02533839.2020.1856725"},{"key":"ref85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-66471-2_18"},{"key":"ref86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICTC.2018.8539442"},{"key":"ref87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICPHYS.2018.8390752"},{"key":"ref88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/UCET.2019.8881879"},{"key":"ref89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ECAI46879.2019.9042167"},{"key":"ref90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICTC49870.2020.9289397"},{"key":"ref91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICA-SYMP50206.2021.9358454"},{"key":"ref92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ITNEC.2017.8284767"},{"key":"ref93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CyberC.2018.00084"},{"key":"ref94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3837\/tiis.2020.12.010"},{"key":"ref95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/RDCAPE.2017.8358297"},{"key":"ref96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5220\/0006680105500554"},{"key":"ref97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2352\/ISSN.2470-1173.2018.09.SRV-128"},{"key":"ref98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/AVSS.2019.8909830"},{"key":"ref99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2020.3009518"},{"key":"ref100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/BMSB49480.2020.9379645"},{"key":"ref101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICSTCC.2013.6689022"},{"key":"ref102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/INDIANCC.2019.8715593"},{"key":"ref103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s20092475"},{"key":"ref104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICA-SYMP50206.2021.9358449"},{"key":"ref105","first-page":"327","article-title":"Poster abstract: Hybrid and adaptive drone identification through motion actuation and vision feature matching","volume-title":"Proc. 16th ACM\/IEEE Int. Conf. Inf. Process. Sensor Netw. (IPSN)","author":"Ruiz"},{"key":"ref106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11042-020-09924-0"},{"key":"ref107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/AVSS.2017.8078541"},{"key":"ref108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.23919\/ICCAS47443.2019.8971699"},{"key":"ref109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IRC.2020.00093"},{"key":"ref110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s19061479"},{"key":"ref111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s20143923"},{"key":"ref112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/BigMM.2017.57"},{"key":"ref113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s18113825"},{"key":"ref114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1117\/12.2520110"},{"key":"ref115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1364\/OPTICA.390099"},{"key":"ref116","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1364\/OE.435619"},{"key":"ref117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JSSC.2019.2939083"},{"key":"ref118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-24574-4_28"},{"key":"ref119","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/ATSIP.2018.30"},{"key":"ref120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/APSIPA.2017.8282120"},{"key":"ref121","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/AVSS.2019.8909865"},{"key":"ref122","article-title":"Synthesizing realistic data for vision based dronetodrone detection","author":"Yellapantula","year":"2019"}],"container-title":["IEEE Access"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx7\/6287639\/9668973\/09743918.pdf?arnumber=9743918","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,18]],"date-time":"2024-01-18T00:23:51Z","timestamp":1705537431000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/9743918\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022]]},"references-count":122,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/access.2022.3162866","relation":{},"ISSN":["2169-3536"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2169-3536","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022]]}}}