{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,27]],"date-time":"2026-03-27T06:29:06Z","timestamp":1774592946725,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":71,"publisher":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,1]],"date-time":"2022-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640995200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/legalcode"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007446","name":"Deanship of Scientific Research at King Khalid University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RGP 2\/46\/43"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RGP 2\/46\/43"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007446","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004242","name":"Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University Researchers Supporting Project through Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PNURSP2022R303"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PNURSP2022R303"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004242","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006701","name":"Deanship of Scientific Research at Umm Al-Qura University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["22UQU4340237DSR04"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22UQU4340237DSR04"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006701","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IEEE Access"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022]]},"DOI":"10.1109\/access.2022.3163291","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,30]],"date-time":"2022-03-30T19:52:41Z","timestamp":1648669961000},"page":"37984-37999","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":41,"title":["Anomalies Prediction in Radon Time Series for Earthquake Likelihood Using Machine Learning-Based Ensemble Model"],"prefix":"10.1109","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4183-1519","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adil Aslam","family":"Mir","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Engineering, Ankara Y&#x0131;ld&#x0131;r&#x0131;m Beyaz&#x0131;t University, Ayval&#x0131;, Ke&#x00E7;i&#x00F6;ren, Ankara, Turkey"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8569-1098","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fatih Vehbi","family":"Celebi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Engineering, Ankara Y&#x0131;ld&#x0131;r&#x0131;m Beyaz&#x0131;t University, Ayval&#x0131;, Ke&#x00E7;i&#x00F6;ren, Ankara, Turkey"}]},{"given":"Hadeel","family":"Alsolai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Information Systems, College of Computer and Information Sciences, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8213-1431","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shahzad Ahmad","family":"Qureshi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer and Information Sciences, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Islamabad, Pakistan"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5216-9380","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Muhammad","family":"Rafique","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physics, King Abdullah Campus Chatter Kalas, The University of Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Azad Kashmir, Pakistan"}]},{"given":"Jaber S.","family":"Alzahrani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Industrial Engineering, College of Engineering at Al-Qunfudhah, Umm Al-Qura University, Mecca, Saudi Arabia"}]},{"given":"Hany","family":"Mahgoub","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science, College of Science and Art at Mahayil, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia"}]},{"given":"Manar Ahmed","family":"Hamza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer and Self Development, Preparatory Year Deanship, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, AlKharj, Saudi Arabia"}]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/dmp.2016.195"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/geosciences9070308"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-59881-9"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.asr.2017.08.034"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvrad.2017.03.010"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12665-020-09348-x"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apradiso.2019.108861"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0262131"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2022.3151892"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B0-12-369397-7\/00520-3"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvrad.2019.03.003"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.02.233"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhydrol.2014.09.074"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvrad.2020.106353"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref15","first-page":"319","article-title":"A precursor of a strong tectonic earthquake","volume":"176","author":"Ulomov","year":"1967","journal-title":"Doklady Akademii Nauk"},{"key":"ref16","first-page":"51","article-title":"Hydroseismological premonitors of the gazli earthquake","volume":"7","author":"Sultankhodzhayev","year":"1976","journal-title":"Proc. Uzb. SSR Acad. Sci."},{"issue":"2","key":"ref17","first-page":"443","article-title":"Earthquake prediction and geochemical studies in China","volume":"1","author":"Wakita","year":"1978","journal-title":"Chin. Geophys."},{"issue":"1","key":"ref18","first-page":"47","article-title":"Radon monitoring for earthquake prediction in China","volume":"3","author":"King","year":"1985","journal-title":"EPR. Earthq. Predict. Res."},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1029\/JB085iB06p03065"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/271516a0"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1029\/JB085iB06p03053"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0273-1177(97)00666-2"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2478\/s11600-009-0047-0"},{"key":"ref24","first-page":"507","article-title":"A radon anomaly in soil gas at Cazzaso, NE Italy, as a precursor of an ML$=5.1$\n earthquake","volume":"55","author":"Vaupoti\u010d","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nukleonika"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3319\/TAO.2005.16.4.775(GIG)"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref26","first-page":"141","article-title":"Radon monitoring of microseismicity in the Kangra and Chamba Valleys of Himachal Pradesh, India","volume":"9","author":"Virk","year":"1995","journal-title":"Nucl. Geophys."},{"key":"ref27","first-page":"656","article-title":"Correlation of alpha-logger radon data with microseismicity in NW Himalaya","volume":"4","author":"Virk","year":"1997","journal-title":"Current Sci."},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apradiso.2008.04.006"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-39644-4_9"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0969-8043(03)00094-0"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12594-011-0090-8"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.116973"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0265-931X(01)00165-5"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0969-8043(02)00304-4"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2007.09.032"},{"key":"ref36","volume-title":"Introduction to Machine Learning","author":"Alpaydin","year":"2020"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0933-3657(01)00077-X"},{"key":"ref38","first-page":"408","article-title":"Application of machine learning to medical diagnosis","volume":"389","author":"Kononenko","year":"1997","journal-title":"Mach. Learn. Data Mining, Methods Appl."},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.2017160130"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-020-17419-7"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/EBBT.2018.8391453"},{"key":"ref42","article-title":"Ensemble machine learning on gene expression data for cancer classification","author":"Tan","year":"2003"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/risks7010029"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/I-SMAC.2017.8058305"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dss.2004.04.009"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref46","first-page":"1302","article-title":"Building prediction model using market basket analysis","volume":"5","author":"Gangurde","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. J. Innov. Res. Comput. Commun. Eng"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1137\/040607599"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIT.1967.1053964"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/72.788640"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1010933404324","article-title":"Random forests","volume":"45","author":"Breiman","year":"2001","journal-title":"Mach. Learn."},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00058655"},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1214\/aos\/1024691352"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00116037"},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0893-6080(05)80023-1"},{"key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/3-540-45014-9_1"},{"key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10916-010-9518-8"},{"key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5121\/ijitcs.2012.2103"},{"key":"ref58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1115255"},{"key":"ref59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00521-004-0413-4"},{"key":"ref60","volume-title":"Caret: Classification and Regression Training. R Package Version 6.0-86","author":"Kuhn","year":"2020"},{"key":"ref61","volume-title":"Air Quality in Muzaffarabad","year":"2021"},{"key":"ref62","volume-title":"SARAD Closer to Your Application","year":"2021"},{"key":"ref63","volume-title":"Ensemble Methods: Foundation Algorithms","author":"Zhou","year":"2019"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1007607513941","article-title":"An experimental comparison of three methods for constructing ensembles of decision trees: Bagging, boosting, and randomization","volume":"40","author":"Dietterich","year":"2000","journal-title":"Mach. Learn."},{"key":"ref65","first-page":"1401","article-title":"A brief introduction to boosting","volume-title":"Proc. IJCAI","volume":"99","author":"Schapire"},{"key":"ref66","first-page":"21","article-title":"Nonparametric discrimination: Consistency properties","volume-title":"Project","author":"Fix","year":"1951"},{"key":"ref67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4757-3264-1"},{"key":"ref68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511801389"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref70","first-page":"13","article-title":"Beyond traditional time-series: Using demand sensing to improve forecasts in volatile times","volume":"31","author":"Byrne","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Bus. Forecasting"},{"key":"ref71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijforecast.2015.12.003"},{"key":"ref72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00024-021-02764-5"}],"container-title":["IEEE Access"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx7\/6287639\/9668973\/09745157.pdf?arnumber=9745157","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,18]],"date-time":"2024-01-18T00:43:09Z","timestamp":1705538589000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/9745157\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022]]},"references-count":71,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/access.2022.3163291","relation":{},"ISSN":["2169-3536"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2169-3536","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022]]}}}