{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,15]],"date-time":"2026-05-15T05:50:19Z","timestamp":1778824219851,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":162,"publisher":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,1]],"date-time":"2022-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640995200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/legalcode"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004242","name":"Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University Researchers Supporting","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PNURSP2022R303"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PNURSP2022R303"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004242","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004242","name":"Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004242","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IEEE Access"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022]]},"DOI":"10.1109\/access.2022.3194145","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,27]],"date-time":"2022-07-27T19:24:38Z","timestamp":1658949878000},"page":"79419-79443","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["A Systematic Review of Literature on Automated Sleep Scoring"],"prefix":"10.1109","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4897-8038","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hadeel","family":"Alsolai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Information Systems, College of Computer and Information Sciences, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0458-0076","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shahnawaz","family":"Qureshi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science, National University of Computing and Emerging Sciences, Fasialabad, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5605-4591","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Syed Muhammad Zeeshan","family":"Iqbal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research and Development, BrightWare LLC, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sirirut","family":"Vanichayobon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, Thailand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0518-6532","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lawrence Edward","family":"Henesey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Blekinge Institute of Technology, Karlshamn, Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Craig","family":"Lindley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CSIRO Data 61, Pullenvale, QLD, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2818-6746","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Seppo","family":"Karrila","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Science and Industrial Technology, Prince of Songkla University, Surat Thani Campus, Makham Tia, Muang, Thailand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.1016\/S0072-9752(08)02134-9","article-title":"The history of sleep medicine","volume-title":"History of Neurology","volume":"95","author":"Pelayo","year":"2009"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5664\/jcsm.2502"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.b2700"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0013-4694(69)90021-2"},{"key":"ref5","first-page":"45","article-title":"Respiratory rules","volume-title":"The AASM Manual for the Scoring of Sleep and Associated Events: Rules, Terminology and Technical Specifications","author":"Iber","year":"2007"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2019.2944801"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10916-014-0018-0"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0013-4694(70)90143-4"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IEMBS.2005.1615862"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.medengphy.2009.05.010"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2006.05.029"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/EMBC.2012.6346412"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IEEEGCC.2013.6705790"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TBME.2003.817636"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IEMBS.2009.5335331"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2011.07.138"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpsycho.2006.03.006"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-4371(02)01529-7"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CNE.2007.369753"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bspc.2013.12.003"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.artmed.2007.04.003"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0387-7604(03)00027-5"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10916-008-9231-z"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/1350-4533(95)00024-0"},{"key":"ref25","first-page":"1648","article-title":"Artefact detection in sleep EEG by the use of Kalman filtering","volume-title":"Proc. EMBEC","volume":"99","author":"Schl\u00f6gl"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11517-006-0120-7"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0013-4694(96)95636-9"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2009.03.015"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0013-4694(97)00033-3"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-36841-0_266"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IEMBS.2006.260554"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IEMBS.2008.4649750"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0013-4694(96)95721-5"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TNSRE.2016.2552539"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1741-2560\/7\/1\/016007"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/INDICON.2015.7443756"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291799001300"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2008.09.020"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2009.09.002"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4015\/s1016237206000233"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-01697-4_93"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02584459"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rspa.1998.0193"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-7643-7778-6_40"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/mssp.2000.1338"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/5.535248"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1440-1819.1999.00540.x"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s004220100266"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00224705"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0010-4825(96)00019-4"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00226197"},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/27.7.1384"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TENCON.2008.4766723"},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IEMBS.2006.259909"},{"key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CNE.2007.369730"},{"key":"ref56","first-page":"4614","article-title":"Nonlinear feature extraction of sleeping EEG signals","volume-title":"Proc. IEEE Eng. Med. Biol. 27th Annu. Conf.","author":"He"},{"key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCME.2007.4381996"},{"key":"ref58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1209\/0295-5075\/4\/9\/004"},{"key":"ref59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmpb.2005.06.011"},{"key":"ref60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10867-008-9096-x"},{"key":"ref61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IEMBS.1998.747191"},{"key":"ref62","first-page":"93","article-title":"Time series analysis of sleep EEG","author":"Dangel","year":"1999","journal-title":"Comput. Assist. Phys."},{"issue":"11","key":"ref63","first-page":"1","article-title":"A comparative study of feature selection algorithms in data mining","volume":"6","author":"Kavipriya","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. J. Adv. Res. Comput. Commun. Eng."},{"key":"ref64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10916-014-0018-0"},{"key":"ref65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmpb.2016.12.004"},{"key":"ref66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bspc.2013.12.003"},{"key":"ref67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/10.184707"},{"key":"ref68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/bmte.1998.43.s3.113"},{"key":"ref69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1117\/12.638867"},{"key":"ref70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-59740-9_44"},{"key":"ref71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10916-008-9134-z"},{"key":"ref72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000118444"},{"key":"ref73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-02478-8_125"},{"key":"ref74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IEMBS.2001.1020520"},{"key":"ref75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/NEBC.2005.1431953"},{"key":"ref76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bspc.2007.05.005"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1005543710588","article-title":"Autoassociative mlp in sleep spindle detection","volume":"24","author":"Huupponen","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Med. Syst."},{"key":"ref78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2008.06.052"},{"key":"ref79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2004.05.007"},{"key":"ref80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0278-5846(97)00091-2"},{"key":"ref81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compbiomed.2009.08.005"},{"key":"ref82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IEMBS.2008.4649365"},{"key":"ref83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IEMBS.2001.1020541"},{"key":"ref84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/3-540-62868-1_123"},{"key":"ref85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IEMBS.2005.1615368"},{"key":"ref86","first-page":"1767","article-title":"Classification of pre-stimulus EEG of k-complexes using competitive learning networks","volume":"98","author":"Golz","year":"1998","journal-title":"Proc. Eufit"},{"key":"ref87","volume-title":"Machine Learning: Neural and Statistical Classification","author":"Michie","year":"2009"},{"key":"ref88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MELCON.1989.50035"},{"key":"ref89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/19.1.18"},{"key":"ref90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IEMBS.1995.579444"},{"key":"ref91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/10.709563"},{"key":"ref92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-36841-0_271"},{"key":"ref93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CIMCA.2005.1631496"},{"key":"ref94","first-page":"6","article-title":"Harmonic parameters with HHT and wavelet transform for automatic sleep stages scoring","volume":"365","author":"Tang","year":"2007","journal-title":"REM"},{"key":"ref95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/BIBE.2009.68"},{"key":"ref96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/088395102753559271"},{"key":"ref97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.artmed.2004.04.004"},{"key":"ref98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-04772-5_75"},{"key":"ref99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IEMBS.2004.1403083"},{"key":"ref100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICASSP.1996.550142"},{"key":"ref101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IEMBS.2004.1403105"},{"key":"ref102","volume-title":"Data Mining: Concepts and Techniques","author":"Han","year":"2011"},{"key":"ref103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3906\/elk-1805-12"},{"key":"ref104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2010.04.043"},{"key":"ref105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IEMBS.2007.4353742"},{"key":"ref106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-925X-9-39"},{"key":"ref107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bspc.2016.09.016"},{"key":"ref108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2009.09.002"},{"key":"ref109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICSMC.1996.571238"},{"key":"ref110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TBME.2006.881798"},{"key":"ref111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MEMB.2002.1044185"},{"key":"ref112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IEMBS.1995.575364"},{"key":"ref113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.101.23.e215"},{"key":"ref114","volume-title":"The Dreams Subjects Database","author":"Devuyst","year":"2017"},{"key":"ref115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2010.04.043"},{"key":"ref116","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-70772-3_13"},{"key":"ref117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.23919\/EUSIPCO.2017.8081419"},{"key":"ref118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmpb.2016.01.001"},{"key":"ref119","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-70093-9_80"},{"key":"ref120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TNSRE.2017.2733220"},{"key":"ref121","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/mms-2017-0036"},{"key":"ref122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TNSRE.2017.2721116"},{"key":"ref123","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jsr.12169"},{"key":"ref124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00521-017-2919-6"},{"key":"ref125","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00521-016-2365-x"},{"key":"ref126","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-981-10-0266-3_40"},{"key":"ref127","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2015.01.022"},{"key":"ref128","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmpb.2013.07.006"},{"key":"ref129","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JBHI.2014.2303991"},{"key":"ref130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IJCNN.2017.7966411"},{"key":"ref131","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compbiomed.2012.09.012"},{"key":"ref132","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11042-015-3053-z"},{"key":"ref133","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/NAECON.2011.6183071"},{"key":"ref134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JSEN.2013.2293917"},{"key":"ref135","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-018-07229-3"},{"key":"ref136","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph16040599"},{"key":"ref137","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40537-020-00406-6"},{"key":"ref138","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10916-009-9286-5"},{"key":"ref139","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neucom.2012.11.003"},{"key":"ref140","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CIMCA.2005.1631496"},{"key":"ref141","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/BIBE.2009.68"},{"key":"ref142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2012.02.040"},{"key":"ref143","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0278-5846(97)00091-2"},{"key":"ref144","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0933-3657(01)00098-7"},{"key":"ref145","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2004.05.007"},{"key":"ref146","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IEMBS.2005.1616636"},{"key":"ref147","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IEMBS.2005.1617036"},{"key":"ref148","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IEMBS.2008.4649365"},{"key":"ref149","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmpb.2011.11.005"},{"key":"ref150","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1142\/S0129065713500123"},{"key":"ref151","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2016.07.004"},{"key":"ref152","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11517-016-1519-4"},{"key":"ref153","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11063-018-09976-2"},{"key":"ref154","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smrv.2019.07.007"},{"key":"ref155","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/NSS.S130141"},{"key":"ref156","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph16020291"},{"key":"ref157","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2869.2003.00375.x"},{"key":"ref158","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5664\/jcsm.2352"},{"key":"ref159","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5665\/sleep.2548"},{"key":"ref160","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/e18090272"},{"key":"ref161","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1389-9457(01)00115-0"},{"key":"ref162","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s41606-016-0005-0"}],"container-title":["IEEE Access"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx7\/6287639\/9668973\/09841539.pdf?arnumber=9841539","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,1]],"date-time":"2024-02-01T09:19:11Z","timestamp":1706779151000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/9841539\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022]]},"references-count":162,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/access.2022.3194145","relation":{},"ISSN":["2169-3536"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2169-3536","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022]]}}}