{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,17]],"date-time":"2026-04-17T16:30:57Z","timestamp":1776443457898,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":67,"publisher":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,1]],"date-time":"2022-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640995200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IEEE Access"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022]]},"DOI":"10.1109\/access.2022.3206024","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,12]],"date-time":"2022-09-12T19:50:46Z","timestamp":1663012246000},"page":"98153-98164","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Image Quality Assessment for Effective Ear Recognition"],"prefix":"10.1109","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9779-684X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Susan","family":"El-Naggar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Lane Department of Computer Science and Electrical Engineering, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thirimachos","family":"Bourlai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.patrec.2015.12.013"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.6028\/NIST.IR.8311"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cviu.2004.11.001"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2007.1067"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MC.2011.344"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/THS.2016.7568939"},{"key":"ref7","first-page":"1201","article-title":"Wonder ears: Identification of identical twins from ear images","volume-title":"Proc. 21st Int. Conf. Pattern Recognit. (ICPR)","author":"Nejati"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/0-306-47044-6_1"},{"key":"ref9","first-page":"1","article-title":"Very deep convolutional networks for large-scale image recognition","volume-title":"Proc. Int. Conf. Learn. Represent. (ICLR)","author":"Simonyan"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2016.90"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2012.59"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2014.223"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICASSP.2013.6639344"},{"key":"ref14","volume-title":"Automatic Speech Recognition","volume":"1","author":"Yu","year":"2016"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10489-014-0629-7"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2911996.2912051"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2015.7298682"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5244\/C.29.41"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IJCNN.2016.7727251"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIFS.2016.2636093"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2016.2545669"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/EISIC49498.2019.9108870"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2007.1019"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIFS.2018.2799585"},{"key":"ref25","volume-title":"Signaletic Instructions Including the Theory and Practice of Anthropometrical Identification","author":"Bertillon","year":"1896"},{"key":"ref26","author":"Iannarelli","year":"1964","journal-title":"Ear Identification"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IST.2018.8577132"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11042-018-6768-9"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CCST.2014.6986993"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/SPIN.2017.8050018"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-68533-5_4"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2431211.2431221"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neucom.2016.08.139"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1117\/1.OE.56.4.043109"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1049\/iet-bmt.2017.0087"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11831-019-09376-2"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/sym9040053"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ASONAM.2018.8508487"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cpe.5197"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10044-020-00914-4"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2021.3121792"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/FG.2017.123"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00521-018-3530-1"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/BTAS.2017.8272761"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICB45273.2019.8987337"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1049\/iet-bmt.2017.0209"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1049\/iet-bmt.2017.0208"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ESCI48226.2020.9167641"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1049\/iet-bmt.2017.0176"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JSEN.2021.3100151"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2020.3024116"},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2021.3109441"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TBIOM.2021.3058562"},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1049\/iet-bmt.2014.0022"},{"key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICB45273.2019.8987255"},{"key":"ref56","article-title":"Biometric quality: Review and application to face recognition with FaceQnet","author":"Hernandez-Ortega","year":"2020","journal-title":"arXiv:2006.03298"},{"key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MIPRO.2014.6859776"},{"key":"ref58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1117\/12.666527"},{"key":"ref59","volume-title":"University of Science and Technology Beijing USTB Database"},{"key":"ref60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0262-8856(97)00070-X"},{"key":"ref61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1162\/neco.1989.1.4.541"},{"key":"ref62","article-title":"SqueezeNet: AlexNet-level accuracy with 50x fewer parameters and < 0.5 MB model size","author":"Iandola","year":"2016","journal-title":"arXiv:1602.07360"},{"key":"ref63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4324\/9781410605337-29"},{"key":"ref64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2018.00474"},{"key":"ref65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2017.243"},{"key":"ref66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2009.5206848"},{"key":"ref67","first-page":"1097","article-title":"ImageNet classification with deep convolutional neural networks","volume-title":"Proc. Adv. Neural Inf. Process. Syst. (NIPS)","volume":"25","author":"Krizhevsky"}],"container-title":["IEEE Access"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx7\/6287639\/9668973\/09887947.pdf?arnumber=9887947","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,22]],"date-time":"2024-01-22T20:58:32Z","timestamp":1705957112000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/9887947\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022]]},"references-count":67,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/access.2022.3206024","relation":{},"ISSN":["2169-3536"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2169-3536","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022]]}}}