{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T08:31:58Z","timestamp":1775032318490,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":75,"publisher":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,1]],"date-time":"2022-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640995200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/legalcode"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IEEE Access"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022]]},"DOI":"10.1109\/access.2022.3220321","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,7]],"date-time":"2022-11-07T22:40:40Z","timestamp":1667860840000},"page":"118397-118408","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Pedestrian Traffic Characterization Based on Pedestrian Response"],"prefix":"10.1109","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3330-7220","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shamsul","family":"Islam","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Urban Infrastructure and Planning, UET Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3007-265X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zawar H.","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Jalozai Campus, UET Peshawar, Jalozai, Pakistan"}]},{"given":"T. Aaron","family":"Gulliver","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Victoria, STN CSC, Victoria, BC, Canada"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7749-1635","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Khurram S.","family":"Khattak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Systems Engineering, UET Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2707-4125","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Waheed","family":"Imran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Civil, Building and Environmental Engineering, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy"}]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"key":"ref73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0360-1323(98)00057-2"},{"key":"ref72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevE.86.046108"},{"key":"ref71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0191-2615(94)90030-2"},{"key":"ref70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12544-018-0291-y"},{"key":"ref74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2020.2985668"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apm.2010.07.007"},{"key":"ref75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-0348-8629-1"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ITSC.2018.8569527"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aej.2021.06.042"},{"key":"ref32","first-page":"457","article-title":"Modelling pedestrian behaviour under emergency conditions&#x2014;State-of-the-art and future directions","author":"shiwakoti","year":"2008","journal-title":"Proc Australas Transp Res Forum"},{"key":"ref31","first-page":"5","article-title":"Pedestrian behaviour under varied traffic and spatial conditions","volume":"56","author":"chandra","year":"2014","journal-title":"European Transport \\ Trasporti Europei"},{"key":"ref30","first-page":"6","article-title":"Pedestrian flow characteristics for different pedestrian facilities and situations","volume":"53","author":"rastogi","year":"2013","journal-title":"European Transport \\ Trasporti Europei"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/imamat\/hxz017"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trb.2018.12.002"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.proeng.2012.01.1139"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00032-009-0100-0"},{"key":"ref60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physa.2009.12.015"},{"key":"ref62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/18128602.2010.521532"},{"key":"ref61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1742-5468\/2005\/10\/P10002"},{"key":"ref63","first-page":"194","article-title":"Behavior analysis of LWR model under different equilibrium velocity distributions","volume":"71","author":"khalil","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pakistan Journal of Science"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.iatssr.2010.06.002"},{"key":"ref64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0361198118791626"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1108\/9781848557512-001"},{"key":"ref65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mma.624"},{"key":"ref66","first-page":"55","article-title":"Crowd behavior cognitive model architecture design","author":"nguyen","year":"2005","journal-title":"Proc Conf Behav Represent Model Simul"},{"key":"ref29","first-page":"25","article-title":"Pedestrian flow characteristics in Khulna metropolitan city, Bangladesh","volume":"3","author":"nazir","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Eng Sci"},{"key":"ref67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10694-007-0039-z"},{"key":"ref68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TOH.2009.15"},{"key":"ref69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trpro.2020.02.083"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-4371(99)00018-7"},{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sbspro.2011.04.526"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s18041039"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0004-9514(14)60550-X"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevE.85.016111"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.firesaf.2007.12.005"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1061\/9780784413623.252"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.2009.0405"},{"key":"ref25","first-page":"77","article-title":"Density and velocity patterns during one year of pedestrian tracking","volume":"2","author":"br\u0161?i?","year":"2014","journal-title":"Transp Res Proc"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sbspro.2013.08.225"},{"key":"ref51","article-title":"Traffic modelling for intelligent transportation systems","author":"khan","year":"2016"},{"key":"ref59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4108\/eai.21-10-2021.171596"},{"key":"ref58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-04504-2_16"},{"key":"ref57","author":"adebisi","year":"2017","journal-title":"A review of the difference among macroscopic microscopic and mesoscopic traffic models"},{"key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ins.2021.11.028"},{"key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ssci.2020.105006"},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trb.2021.05.006"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apm.2016.06.041"},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevE.61.1056"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevE.51.4282"},{"key":"ref11","author":"lewin","year":"1976","journal-title":"Field Theory in Social Science Selected Theoretical Papers"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/221536"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0010047"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physa.2015.01.006"},{"key":"ref14","first-page":"2","article-title":"A review of pedestrian group dynamics and methodologies in modelling pedestrian group behaviours","volume":"1","author":"cheng","year":"2014","journal-title":"World journal of mechanical engineering"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.buildenv.2004.08.005"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-10629-8_11","article-title":"Experimental analysis of two-dimensional pedestrian flow in front of the bottleneck","author":"buk\u00e1?ek","year":"2015","journal-title":"Proc Traffic Granular Flow"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TITS.2021.3095829"},{"key":"ref18","first-page":"1","article-title":"A comparative study of pedestrian crowd flow at middle and corner exits","author":"shiwakoti","year":"2016","journal-title":"Proc Australas Transp Res Forum"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trb.2015.01.009"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.avb.2008.06.004"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physa.2018.02.095"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0191-2615(01)00015-7"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.proeng.2016.01.110"},{"key":"ref8","first-page":"105","article-title":"Experimental study of phase transition in pedestrian flow","volume":"2","author":"buk\u00e1?ek","year":"2014","journal-title":"Transp Res Proc"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1068\/b2697"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physa.2010.05.003"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cnsns.2014.06.034"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/21680566.2019.1617803"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0207(19981215)43:7<1253::AID-NME468>3.0.CO;2-B"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0191-2615(98)00014-9"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bs.3830360405"},{"key":"ref42","article-title":"Modelling passenger flows in public transport facilities","author":"daamen","year":"2004"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3141\/1934-05"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-6670(17)62562-X"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trip.2022.100591"}],"container-title":["IEEE Access"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx7\/6287639\/9668973\/09940973.pdf?arnumber=9940973","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,11]],"date-time":"2023-03-11T12:01:59Z","timestamp":1678536119000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/9940973\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022]]},"references-count":75,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/access.2022.3220321","relation":{},"ISSN":["2169-3536"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2169-3536","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022]]}}}