{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,6]],"date-time":"2026-06-06T01:35:43Z","timestamp":1780709743344,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,1]],"date-time":"2023-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1672531200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Institute of Information and Communications Technology Planning and Evaluation (IITP) through the Korean Government (MSIT)","award":["2021-0-01806"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021-0-01806"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003630","name":"Nuclear Safety Research Program through the Korea Foundation of Nuclear Safety (KoFONS) using the financial resource granted by the Nuclear Safety and Security Commission (NSSC), Republic of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2106058"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2106058"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003630","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003630","name":"Nuclear Safety Research Program through the Korea Foundation of Nuclear Safety (KoFONS) using the financial resource granted by the Nuclear Safety and Security Commission (NSSC), Republic of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["45%"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["45%"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003630","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002631","name":"Gachon University Research Fund of 2021","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["GCU-202106330001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GCU-202106330001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002631","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002631","name":"Gachon University Research Fund of 2021","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["10%"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["10%"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002631","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IEEE Access"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023]]},"DOI":"10.1109\/access.2023.3244991","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,14]],"date-time":"2023-02-14T13:57:10Z","timestamp":1676383030000},"page":"15229-15241","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Cyber Security Controls in Nuclear Power Plant by Technical Assessment Methodology"],"prefix":"10.1109","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4756-2516","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daun","family":"Jung","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Information Security, Gachon University, Seongnam, South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2697-8221","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jiho","family":"Shin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Police Science Institute, Korean National Police University, Asan, South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chaechang","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Korea Institute of Nuclear Nonproliferation and Control, Daejeon, South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kookheui","family":"Kwon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Korea Institute of Nuclear Nonproliferation and Control, Daejeon, South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0971-8548","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jung Taek","family":"Seo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Engineering, Gachon University, Seongnam, South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"key":"ref1","volume-title":"IBM X-Force Incident Response and Intelligence Services (IRIS)","year":"2020"},{"key":"ref2","volume-title":"OT\/IoT Security Report-Trends and Countermeasures for Critical Infrastructure Attacks 2021 2H Review","year":"2022"},{"key":"ref3","volume-title":"OT\/IoT Security Report-Cyber War Insights, Threats and Trends, Recommendations 2022 1H Review","year":"2022"},{"key":"ref4","volume-title":"2022 OT Cybersecurity Survey Report","year":"2022"},{"key":"ref5","volume-title":"2022 State of Operational Technoogy and Cybersecurity Report","year":"2022"},{"key":"ref6","volume-title":"2020 Report on Threats Affecting ICS Endpoints","year":"2021"},{"key":"ref7","volume-title":"Claroty Biannual ICS Risk & Vulnerability Report: 1H 2021","year":"2021"},{"key":"ref8","volume-title":"Risk Management Framework for Information Systems and Organizations","year":"2018"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.6028\/nist.sp.800-30r1"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.6028\/nist.sp.800-39"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.6028\/nist.sp.800-53r5"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.6028\/nist.sp.800-53ar5"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.6028\/nist.sp.800-53b"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.6028\/nist.sp.800-82r2"},{"key":"ref15","volume-title":"Guide to OT Security","year":"2022"},{"key":"ref16","volume-title":"Computer Security Techniques for Nuclear Facilities","year":"2021"},{"key":"ref17","volume-title":"Computer Security of Instrumentation and Control Systems at Nuclear Facilities","year":"2018"},{"key":"ref18","volume-title":"Cyber Security Programs for Nuclear Facilities","year":"2010"},{"key":"ref19","volume-title":"Cyber Security Programs for Nuclear Power Reactors","year":"2022"},{"key":"ref20","volume-title":"Cyber Security Plan for Nuclear Power Reactors","year":"2010"},{"key":"ref21","volume-title":"Identifying Systems and Assets Subject to the Cyber Security Rule","year":"2012"},{"key":"ref22","volume-title":"Cyber Security Control Assessments","year":"2017"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"637","DOI":"10.5516\/NET.04.2012.091","article-title":"An analysis of technical security control requirements for digital I&C systems in nuclear power plants","volume":"45","author":"Song","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nucl. Eng. Technol."},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"646","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anucene.2017.11.002","article-title":"Development of a quantitative method for evaluating the efficacy of cyber security controls in NPPs based on intrusion tolerant concept","volume":"112","author":"Lee","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ann. Nucl. Energy"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anucene.2020.107398","article-title":"Development of a quantitative method for identifying fault-prone cyber security controls in NPP digital I&C systems","volume":"142","author":"Lee","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ann. Nucl. Energy"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ress.2014.10.006","article-title":"Development of a cyber security risk model using Bayesian networks","volume":"134","author":"Shin","year":"2015","journal-title":"Rel. Eng. Syst. Saf."},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/RUSAUTOCON.2018.8501811"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/DASC\/PiCom\/DataCom\/CyberSciTec.2018.00025"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2021.3058403"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref30","first-page":"1077","article-title":"Analysis of the application method of cyber security control to develop regulatory requirement for digital assets in NPP","volume":"29","author":"Kim","year":"2019","journal-title":"Korea Inst. Inf. Secur. Cryptol."},{"key":"ref31","article-title":"Cyber security for direct critical digital assets life-cycle","author":"Kwon","year":"2018"},{"key":"ref32","first-page":"23","article-title":"Risk-informed digital engineering update: Nuclear I&C program","volume-title":"Proc. NEI Cyber Security Implementation Workshop","author":"Martyak"},{"key":"ref33","first-page":"1","article-title":"Cyber security technical assessment methodology (TAM): OT assessment first principles","author":"Thow","year":"2019"},{"key":"ref34","volume-title":"Cyber Security Roadmap","year":"2018"},{"key":"ref35","volume-title":"Cyber Security Technical Assessment Methodology: Risk Informed Exploit Sequence Identification and Mitigation, Revision 1","year":"2018"},{"key":"ref36","volume-title":"APR1400 Design Control Document Tire 2: Chapter 7 Instrumentation and Control","year":"2014"},{"key":"ref37","volume-title":"Safety I&C System","year":"2014"},{"key":"ref38","volume-title":"Safety I&C System for the APR1400","year":"2013"},{"key":"ref39","first-page":"1","article-title":"Establishment and utilization of nuclear power plant I&C cybersecurity testbed","volume-title":"Proc. Nucl. Saf. Secur. Inf. Conf.","author":"Lee"},{"key":"ref40","article-title":"European ARP1400 I&C protection in depth and diversity (D3) design","author":"Jung","year":"2013"},{"key":"ref41","volume-title":"ARP1400 I&C System","year":"2013"},{"key":"ref42","article-title":"Development of system integration and evaluation of components\/systems: Development of non-safety system architecture and evaluation of components\/systems","author":"Oh","year":"2007"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref43","first-page":"43","article-title":"Developed nuclear power plant safety class control device (PLC)","volume":"27","author":"Gwon","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nucl. Ind."},{"issue":"1","key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.5370\/KIEE.2012.62.1.109","article-title":"Development of the high reliable safety PLC for the nuclear power plants","volume":"62","author":"Son","year":"2013","journal-title":"Trans. Korean Inst. Electr. Engineers"},{"key":"ref45","article-title":"A development of the digital reactor safety system: Study on the high reliable communication for hard real time environment","author":"Park","year":"2007"},{"key":"ref46","first-page":"25","article-title":"Development of application programming tool for safety grade PLC (POSAFE-Q)","volume-title":"Proc. Trans. Korean Nucl. Soc. Spring Meeting","author":"Koo"},{"key":"ref47","article-title":"Development and application of POSAFE-Q PLC platform","author":"Lee","year":"2012"},{"key":"ref48","volume-title":"Security and Hardening of Your PI System","author":"Mlcoch","year":"2019"},{"key":"ref49","first-page":"1","article-title":"Development of real time operating system for safety grade PLC (POSAFE-Q) for nuclear power plants","volume-title":"Proc. Trans. Korean Nucl. Soc. Spring Meeting","author":"Son"},{"key":"ref50","first-page":"1","article-title":"Software qualificaiton of a programmable logic controller for nuclear instrumentation and control applications","volume-title":"Proc. 6th WSEAS Int. Conf. Appl. Inf. Commun.","author":"Cha"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref51","first-page":"877","article-title":"A study on the implementation of technical security control for critical digital asset of nuclear facilities","volume":"29","author":"Choi","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Korea Inst. Inf. Secur. Cryptol."},{"key":"ref52","volume-title":"Cyber Security Regulatory Standard for Nuclear Facilities","year":"2016"}],"container-title":["IEEE Access"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx7\/6287639\/10005208\/10044098.pdf?arnumber=10044098","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,22]],"date-time":"2025-12-22T18:42:43Z","timestamp":1766428963000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/10044098\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023]]},"references-count":52,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/access.2023.3244991","relation":{},"ISSN":["2169-3536"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2169-3536","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023]]}}}