{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T00:13:03Z","timestamp":1787011983082,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,1]],"date-time":"2023-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1672531200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004242","name":"Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University Researchers","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PNURSP2023R384"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PNURSP2023R384"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004242","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004242","name":"Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004242","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IEEE Access"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023]]},"DOI":"10.1109\/access.2023.3314328","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,11]],"date-time":"2023-09-11T14:12:59Z","timestamp":1694441579000},"page":"106361-106373","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Empowering the Future of Hybrid MIMO-RF UOWC: Advanced Statistical Framework for Channel Modeling and Optimization for the Post-5G Era and Beyond"],"prefix":"10.1109","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4355-5412","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Latif","family":"Jan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science, Iqra National University, Peshawar, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6637-6754","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ghassan","family":"Husnain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science, Iqra National University, Peshawar, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1375-2757","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Waleed Tariq","family":"Sethi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Ghulam Ishaq Khan Institute of Engineering Sciences and Technology, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Topi, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1756-7954","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ihtisham Ul","family":"Haq","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechatronic Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology, Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7121-495X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yazeed Yasin","family":"Ghadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering, Al Ain University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hend Khalid","family":"Alkahtani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Information Systems, College of Computer and Information Sciences, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"key":"ref13","article-title":"Efficient estimation of the left tail of bimodal distributions with applications to underwater optical communication systems","author":"ben issaid","year":"2019","journal-title":"arXiv 1909 11016"},{"key":"ref35","first-page":"17","author":"zwillinger","year":"2014","journal-title":"Table of Integrals Series and Products"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1364\/JOSAA.31.000920"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4419-8744-0"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/1064119X.2019.1569739"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCOMM.2011.063011.100303A"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCOMM.2019.2891542"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ietcom\/e89-b.12.3467"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JPHOT.2020.2983016"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LCOMM.2021.3058988"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/UComms.2016.7583432"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCOMM.2012.12.110670"},{"key":"ref10","author":"cochenour","year":"2008","journal-title":"Spatial and temporal effects of forward scattering on an intensity modulated source for laser communications underwater"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TVT.2021.3102837"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/COMST.2016.2618841"},{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2018.2870344"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/T-WC.2009.080207"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCOMM.2020.3006146"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCOMM.2011.072011.100280"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/GLOCOM.2010.5683863"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2016.2552538"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2118\/177989-MS"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LPT.2016.2607278"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.procs.2020.03.415"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TWC.2008.061087"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/drones6110341"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1364\/AO.57.008314"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s22124521"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11082-022-04046-3"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1364\/OL.42.002455"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/GLOCOM.2017.8254240"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCOMM.2018.2842212"},{"key":"ref9","author":"cochenour","year":"2013","journal-title":"Experimental Measurements of Temporal Dispersion for Underwater Laser Communications and Imaging"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCOMM.2018.2867498"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TWC.2019.2951416"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IWCIT.2016.7491626"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TWC.2020.3007343"}],"container-title":["IEEE Access"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx7\/6287639\/10005208\/10246846.pdf?arnumber=10246846","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,30]],"date-time":"2023-10-30T15:25:59Z","timestamp":1698679559000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/10246846\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023]]},"references-count":37,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/access.2023.3314328","relation":{},"ISSN":["2169-3536"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2169-3536","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023]]}}}