{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,18]],"date-time":"2026-05-18T23:16:41Z","timestamp":1779146201646,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,1]],"date-time":"2023-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1672531200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Graduate School of Convergence Security at Sungkyunkwan University","award":["2022-0-01199"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022-0-01199"]}]},{"name":"Self-Directed Multi-Modal Intelligence for Solving Unknown, Open Domain Problems","award":["2022-0-01045"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022-0-01045"]}]},{"name":"AI Platform to Fully Adapt and Reflect Privacy-Policy Changes","award":["2022-0-00688"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022-0-00688"]}]},{"name":"Artificial Intelligence Innovation Hub","award":["2021-0-02068"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021-0-02068"]}]},{"name":"AI Graduate School Support Program at Sungkyunkwan University","award":["2019-0-00421"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019-0-00421"]}]},{"name":"Advanced and Proactive AI Platform Research and Development Against Malicious Deepfakes","award":["RS-2023-00230337"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RS-2023-00230337"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IEEE Access"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023]]},"DOI":"10.1109\/access.2023.3338648","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,1]],"date-time":"2023-12-01T18:47:26Z","timestamp":1701456446000},"page":"137138-137150","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["KappaFace: Adaptive Additive Angular Margin Loss for Deep Face Recognition"],"prefix":"10.1109","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Chingis","family":"Oinar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Mercari, Tokyo, Japan"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4344-3421","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Binh","family":"M. Le","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, College of Computing and Informatics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8983-1542","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Simon S.","family":"Woo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, College of Computing and Informatics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea"}]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"key":"ref13","article-title":"Cross-age LFW: A database for studying cross-age face recognition in unconstrained environments","author":"zheng","year":"2017","journal-title":"arXiv 1708 08197"},{"key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1609\/aaai.v33i01.33018893"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPRW.2017.250"},{"key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LSP.2016.2603342"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICB2018.2018.00033"},{"key":"ref59","year":"2021","journal-title":"Insight"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPRW.2017.87"},{"key":"ref58","first-page":"8026","article-title":"PyTorch: An imperative style, high-performance deep learning library","volume":"32","author":"paszke","year":"2019","journal-title":"Proc 33rd Conf Neural Inf Process Syst (NeurIPS)"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2019.01222"},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICIP.2014.7025068"},{"key":"ref11","first-page":"7","article-title":"Cross-pose LFW: A database for studying cross-pose face recognition in unconstrained environments","volume":"5","author":"zheng","year":"2018","journal-title":"Journal of Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunicatns"},{"key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2016.527"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/WACV.2016.7477558"},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1609\/aaai.v34i07.6906"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LSP.2018.2822810"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCYB.2019.2959403"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPRW.2017.79"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2014.242"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2019.01108"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2019.01014"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/FG.2018.00020"},{"key":"ref45","first-page":"21271","article-title":"Bootstrap your own latent&#x2014;A new approach to self-supervised learning","volume":"33","author":"grill","year":"2020","journal-title":"Proc Adv Neural Inf Process Syst"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR46437.2021.01400"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2018.00741"},{"key":"ref42","first-page":"1345","article-title":"Clustering on the unit hypersphere using von Mises&#x2013;Fisher distributions","volume":"6","author":"banerjee","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Mach Learn Res"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9781118032572"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR42600.2020.00975"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1609\/aaai.v33i01.33018577"},{"key":"ref49","article-title":"Multicolumn networks for face recognition","author":"xie","year":"2018","journal-title":"arXiv 1807 09192"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCV.2019.01015"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR42600.2020.00594"},{"key":"ref9","first-page":"1","article-title":"Labeled faces in the wild: A database for studying face recognition in unconstrained environments","author":"huang","year":"2008","journal-title":"Proc Workshop Faces Real-Life&#x2019;Images Detection Alignment Recognit"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2019.00482"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-46478-7_31"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2017.713"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2018.00552"},{"key":"ref40","volume":"494","author":"mardia","year":"2009","journal-title":"Directional Statistics"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TKDE.2008.239"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR46437.2021.01537"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSMCB.2008.2002909"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.asoc.2013.08.014"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR52688.2022.00413"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIP.2022.3186536"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.patcog.2019.04.005"},{"key":"ref32","article-title":"Von Mises&#x2013;Fisher mixture model-based deep learning: Application to face verification","author":"hasnat","year":"2017","journal-title":"arXiv 1706 04264"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2015.7298682"},{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3123266.3123359"},{"key":"ref39","first-page":"1","article-title":"Learning imbalanced datasets with label-distribution-aware margin loss","volume":"32","author":"cao","year":"2019","journal-title":"Proc Adv Neural Inf Process Syst"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2019.00949"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.59543\/ijmscs.v2i.7845"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.59543\/ijmscs.v2i.7815"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR42600.2020.00643"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s20092639"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1162\/jocn.1991.3.1.71"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-24670-1_36"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/34.598228"},{"key":"ref28","first-page":"1857","article-title":"Improved deep metric learning with multi-class N-pair loss objective","author":"sohn","year":"2016","journal-title":"Proc Adv Neural Inf Process Syst"},{"key":"ref27","first-page":"1","article-title":"Large-margin softmax loss for convolutional neural networks","volume":"2","author":"liu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Proc ICML"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIP.2021.3049955"},{"key":"ref60","article-title":"Partial FC: Training 10 million identities on a single machine","author":"an","year":"2020","journal-title":"arXiv 2010 05222"},{"key":"ref61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCV.2019.00700"}],"container-title":["IEEE Access"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx7\/6287639\/10005208\/10339282.pdf?arnumber=10339282","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,13]],"date-time":"2023-12-13T19:45:48Z","timestamp":1702496748000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/10339282\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023]]},"references-count":61,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/access.2023.3338648","relation":{},"ISSN":["2169-3536"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2169-3536","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023]]}}}