{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,5]],"date-time":"2026-06-05T05:18:46Z","timestamp":1780636726795,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":62,"publisher":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,1]],"date-time":"2024-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1704067200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001602","name":"Science Foundation Ireland","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["13\/RC\/2094"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["13\/RC\/2094"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001602","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008530","name":"European Regional Development Fund through the Southern and Eastern Regional Operational Programme to Lero\u2014the Science Foundation Ireland Research Centre for Software","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008530","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IEEE Access"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024]]},"DOI":"10.1109\/access.2023.3348663","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,1]],"date-time":"2024-01-01T19:51:03Z","timestamp":1704138663000},"page":"3554-3569","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Analysis of the Impact of Lens Blur on Safety-Critical Automotive Object Detection"],"prefix":"10.1109","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0186-0718","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dara","family":"Molloy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Engineering, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-9585-6723","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Patrick","family":"M\u00fcller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Hochschule D&#x00FC;sseldorf, D&#x00FC;sseldorf, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3678-7605","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Brian","family":"Deegan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Engineering, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8555-7868","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Darragh","family":"Mullins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Engineering, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonathan","family":"Horgan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Valeo, Tuam, Galway, Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Enda","family":"Ward","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Valeo, Tuam, Galway, Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1521-4442","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Edward","family":"Jones","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Engineering, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexander","family":"Braun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Hochschule D&#x00FC;sseldorf, D&#x00FC;sseldorf, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Glavin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Engineering, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TNNLS.2018.2876865"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/app10217834"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eng.2020.01.007"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TITS.2018.2876614"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2023.3296089"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TITS.2013.2270009"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-59897-6_7"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-59897-6_9"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neucom.2021.01.110"},{"key":"ref10","article-title":"Generalisation in humans and deep neural networks","author":"Geirhos","year":"2020","journal-title":"arXiv:1808.08750"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-10602-1_48"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR42600.2020.00271"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2352\/J.ImagingSci.Technol.2021.65.6.060402"},{"key":"ref14","volume-title":"Qiujueqin\/Fast-Openisp: Fast-Openisp: A Faster Re-Implementation of Openisp","author":"Jueqin","year":"2024"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MetroAutomotive54295.2022.9855079"},{"key":"ref16","first-page":"1","article-title":"Impact of realistic properties of the point spread function on classification tasks to reveal a possible distribution shift","volume-title":"Proc. NIPS","author":"M\u00fcller"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2352\/issn.2694-118X.2021.LIM-58"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2352\/EI.2022.34.16.AVM-101"},{"key":"ref19","volume-title":"Opticstudio\u2014Optical, Illumination & Laser System Design Software","year":"2024"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2001.990517"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2005.177"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/BIOSIG.2016.7736924"},{"key":"ref23","article-title":"Comparing apples and oranges: Off-road pedestrian detection on the NREC agricultural person-detection dataset","author":"Pezzementi","year":"2017","journal-title":"arXiv:1707.07169"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0278364913491297"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TITS.2019.2956813"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCVW54120.2021.00427"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/BTAS.2018.8698561"},{"key":"ref28","article-title":"Traffic sign detection under challenging conditions: A deeper look into performance variations and spectral characteristics","author":"Temel","year":"2019","journal-title":"arXiv:1908.11262"},{"key":"ref29","article-title":"Benchmarking neural network robustness to common corruptions and perturbations","author":"Hendrycks","year":"2019","journal-title":"arXiv:1903.12261"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2023.3290143"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5220\/0007401600002108"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/QoMEX.2016.7498955"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICASSP.2017.7952349"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2018.2849989"},{"key":"ref35","article-title":"Examining the impact of blur on recognition by convolutional networks","author":"Vasiljevic","year":"2017","journal-title":"arXiv:1611.05760"},{"key":"ref36","article-title":"ImageNet-trained CNNs are biased towards texture; increasing shape bias improves accuracy and robustness","author":"Geirhos","year":"2018","journal-title":"arXiv:1811.12231"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jimaging5100078"},{"key":"ref38","article-title":"OpenCV\/CVAT: V1.1.0","author":"Sekachev","year":"2020"},{"key":"ref39","volume-title":"Introduction to Fourier Optics","author":"Goodman","year":"2017"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1117\/12.279513"},{"key":"ref41","article-title":"Rich feature hierarchies for accurate object detection and semantic segmentation","author":"Girshick","year":"2013","journal-title":"arXiv:1311.2524"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11263-013-0620-5"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCV.2015.169"},{"key":"ref44","article-title":"Faster R-CNN: Towards real-time object detection with region proposal networks","author":"Ren","year":"2015","journal-title":"arXiv:1506.01497"},{"key":"ref45","article-title":"Deep residual learning for image recognition","author":"He","year":"2015","journal-title":"arXiv:1512.03385"},{"key":"ref46","article-title":"Feature pyramid networks for object detection","author":"Lin","year":"2016","journal-title":"arXiv:1612.03144"},{"key":"ref47","article-title":"Cascade R-CNN: Delving into high quality object detection","author":"Cai","year":"2017","journal-title":"arXiv:1712.00726"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCV.2019.00972"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2016.91"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2017.690"},{"key":"ref51","article-title":"YOLOv3: An incremental improvement","author":"Redmon","year":"2018"},{"key":"ref52","article-title":"YOLOv4: Optimal speed and accuracy of object detection","author":"Bochkovskiy","year":"2020","journal-title":"arXiv:2004.10934"},{"key":"ref53","article-title":"Ultralytics\/YOLOV5: V6.1\u2014TensorRT, TensorFlow edge TPU and OpenVINO export and inference","author":"Jocher","year":"2022"},{"key":"ref54","article-title":"YOLOv7: Trainable bag-of-freebies sets new state-of-the-art for real-time object detectors","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"arXiv:2207.02696"},{"key":"ref55","volume-title":"YOLO by Ultralytics","author":"Jocher","year":"2023"},{"key":"ref56","article-title":"Deformable DETR: Deformable transformers for end-to-end object detection","author":"Zhu","year":"2020","journal-title":"arXiv:2010.04159"},{"key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-58452-8_13"},{"key":"ref58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCV48922.2021.00986"},{"key":"ref59","volume-title":"The PASCAL Visual Object Classes Challenge 2012 (VOC2012) Results","author":"Everingham","year":"2012"},{"key":"ref60","article-title":"How to read MTF curves","author":"Nasse","year":"2008"},{"key":"ref61","volume-title":"Photography\u2014Electronic Still Picture Imaging\u2014Resolution and Spatial Frequency Responses","year":"2017"},{"key":"ref62","volume-title":"Using ESFR ISO","year":"2024"}],"container-title":["IEEE Access"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx7\/6287639\/10380310\/10378690.pdf?arnumber=10378690","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,10]],"date-time":"2024-01-10T00:27:30Z","timestamp":1704846450000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/10378690\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024]]},"references-count":62,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/access.2023.3348663","relation":{},"ISSN":["2169-3536"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2169-3536","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024]]}}}