{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,11]],"date-time":"2026-06-11T22:28:05Z","timestamp":1781216885421,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":76,"publisher":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,1]],"date-time":"2024-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1704067200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/legalcode"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IEEE Access"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024]]},"DOI":"10.1109\/access.2024.3349577","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,4]],"date-time":"2024-01-04T19:58:32Z","timestamp":1704398312000},"page":"4762-4779","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["On-Device Smishing Classifier Resistant to Text Evasion Attack"],"prefix":"10.1109","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-8134-1947","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jae Woo","family":"Seo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Samsung Research, Seoul, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jong Sung","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Samsung Research, Seoul, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hyunwoo","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Samsung Research, Seoul, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-7820-8415","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joonghwan","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Samsung Research, Seoul, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-2198-1711","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Seongwon","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Samsung Research, Seoul, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jungil","family":"Cho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Samsung Research, Seoul, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5146-0259","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Choong-Hoon","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Samsung Research, Seoul, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"key":"ref1","volume-title":"Phishing Activity Trends Report 3rd Quarter 2022","year":"2022"},{"key":"ref2","volume-title":"Increasing Cybercrime: Un Reports 350 Per Cent Rise in Phishing Websites During Pandemic","year":"2020"},{"key":"ref3","volume-title":"Smishing Attacks Increased 700% in First Six Months of 2021","year":"2021"},{"key":"ref4","volume-title":"7 Out of 10 Ott Users. Smartphone Ownership Rate is 93.4%","year":"2022"},{"key":"ref5","volume-title":"Voice Phishing Status, Type, Trend, and Response Related Implications","year":"2022"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/comjnl\/bxy039"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4018\/JITR.2019040102"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-981-10-8660-1_38"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s42979-020-00377-8"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2139\/ssrn.3356256"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.future.2020.03.021"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s42979-022-01078-0"},{"key":"ref13","volume-title":"Block Spam Text & Call","year":"2023"},{"key":"ref14","volume-title":"Textkiller Spam Text Blocker","year":"2023"},{"key":"ref15","volume-title":"Whowho","year":"2023"},{"key":"ref16","volume-title":"Alyacm","year":"2023"},{"key":"ref17","volume-title":"Robokiller Spam Call Blocker","year":"2023"},{"key":"ref18","volume-title":"Mobileguard","year":"2023"},{"key":"ref19","first-page":"625","article-title":"Automatically detecting vulnerable websites before they turn malicious","volume-title":"Proc. 23rd USENIX Secur. Symp.","author":"Soska"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCCN.2014.6911743"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-41674-3_66"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11235-016-0269-9"},{"key":"ref23","article-title":"Malicious URL detection using machine learning: A survey","author":"Sahoo","year":"2017","journal-title":"arXiv:1701.07179"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2020.emnlp-main.498"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2020.emnlp-main.500"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2034691.2034742"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-27524-1_57"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/D17-1215"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.24963\/ijcai.2018\/585"},{"key":"ref30","article-title":"TextBugger: Generating adversarial text against real-world applications","author":"Li","year":"2018","journal-title":"arXiv:1812.05271"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/SPW.2018.00016"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/P18-2006"},{"key":"ref33","article-title":"Towards crafting text adversarial samples","author":"Samanta","year":"2017","journal-title":"arXiv:1707.02812"},{"key":"ref34","article-title":"Word-level textual adversarial attacking as combinatorial optimization","author":"Zang","year":"2019","journal-title":"arXiv:1910.12196"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1609\/aaai.v35i15.17595"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/D18-1316"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/P19-1103"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1609\/aaai.v34i05.6311"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2020.coling-main.585"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/P19-1610"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/N18-1170"},{"key":"ref42","article-title":"PEGASUS: Pre-training with extracted gap-sentences for abstractive summarization","author":"Zhang","year":"2019","journal-title":"arXiv:1912.08777"},{"key":"ref43","article-title":"PAWS: Paraphrase adversaries from word scrambling","author":"Zhang","year":"2019","journal-title":"arXiv:1904.01130"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/N19-1336"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/P19-1561"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2020.findings-emnlp.341"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/D19-1423"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2021.eacl-main.13"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TASLP.2022.3192097"},{"key":"ref50","first-page":"823","article-title":"Natural language adversarial defense through synonym encoding","volume-title":"Proc. Uncertainty Artif. Intell.","author":"Wang"},{"key":"ref51","article-title":"InfoBERT: Improving robustness of language models from an information theoretic perspective","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"arXiv:2010.02329"},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2020.acl-main.317"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2021.acl-long.426"},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2021.findings-acl.137"},{"key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1609\/aaai.v35i16.17648"},{"key":"ref56","article-title":"Towards robustness against natural language word substitutions","author":"Dong","year":"2021","journal-title":"arXiv:2107.13541"},{"key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/D19-1461"},{"key":"ref58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2007.1078"},{"key":"ref59","first-page":"3721","article-title":"Compromised or attacker-owned: A large scale classification and study of hosting domains of malicious URLs","volume-title":"Proc. USENIX Secur. Symp.","author":"De Silva"},{"key":"ref60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3548606.3560615"},{"key":"ref61","article-title":"Character-level convolutional networks for text classification","volume":"28","author":"Zhang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Adv. neural Inf. Process. Syst."},{"key":"ref62","volume-title":"Koelectra: Pretrained Electra Model for Korean","author":"Park","year":"2020"},{"key":"ref63","first-page":"1345","article-title":"High accuracy and high fidelity extraction of neural networks","volume-title":"Proc. 29th USENIX Secur. Symp.","author":"Jagielski"},{"key":"ref64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-56877-1_7"},{"key":"ref65","first-page":"8178","article-title":"Reverse-engineering deep ReLU networks","volume-title":"Proc. Int. Conf. Mach. Learn.","author":"Rolnick"},{"key":"ref66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/SP.2015.43"},{"key":"ref67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-28954-6_7"},{"key":"ref68","first-page":"515","article-title":"$CSI$$NN$: Reverse engineering of neural network architectures through electromagnetic side channel","volume-title":"Proc. 28th USENIX Secur. Symp.","author":"Batina"},{"key":"ref69","article-title":"BERTScore: Evaluating text generation with BERT","author":"Zhang","year":"2019","journal-title":"arXiv:1904.09675"},{"key":"ref70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2022.3185748"},{"key":"ref71","article-title":"Adversarial texts with gradient methods","author":"Gong","year":"2018","journal-title":"arXiv:1801.07175"},{"key":"ref72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2020.emnlp-main.417"},{"key":"ref73","article-title":"Contextualized perturbation for textual adversarial attack","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"arXiv:2009.07502"},{"key":"ref74","article-title":"Universal adversarial attacks with natural triggers for text classification","author":"Song","year":"2020","journal-title":"arXiv:2005.00174"},{"key":"ref75","article-title":"BERT: Pre-training of deep bidirectional transformers for language understanding","author":"Devlin","year":"2018","journal-title":"arXiv:1810.04805"},{"key":"ref76","article-title":"KLUE: Korean language understanding evaluation","author":"Park","year":"2021","journal-title":"arXiv:2105.09680"}],"container-title":["IEEE Access"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx7\/6287639\/10380310\/10380589.pdf?arnumber=10380589","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,18]],"date-time":"2024-01-18T01:46:39Z","timestamp":1705542399000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/10380589\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024]]},"references-count":76,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/access.2024.3349577","relation":{},"ISSN":["2169-3536"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2169-3536","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024]]}}}