{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]],"date-time":"2026-07-03T16:23:29Z","timestamp":1783095809903,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,1]],"date-time":"2024-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1704067200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IEEE Access"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024]]},"DOI":"10.1109\/access.2024.3420890","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,1]],"date-time":"2024-07-01T17:44:23Z","timestamp":1719855863000},"page":"96332-96341","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["A Hybrid Approach for Automated Short Answer Grading"],"prefix":"10.1109","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6178-5030","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mustafa","family":"Kaya","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Engineering, Hacettepe University, Beytepe Campus, Ankara, T&#x00FC;rkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5448-9655","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ilyas","family":"Cicekli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Engineering, Hacettepe University, Beytepe Campus, Ankara, T&#x00FC;rkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"ref1","first-page":"1","article-title":"A global outlook to the interruption of education due to COVID-19 pandemic: Navigating in a time of uncertainty and crisis","volume":"15","author":"Bozkurt","year":"2020","journal-title":"Asian J. Distance Educ."},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40593-014-0026-8"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.48550\/arXiv.1810.04805"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TLT.2022.3175537"},{"key":"ref5","article-title":"What makes a star teacher? A hierarchical BERT model for evaluating teacher\u2019s performance in online education","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"arXiv:2012.01633"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2021.3072734"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-23204-7_39"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-52240-7_8"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.48550\/ARXIV.1907.11692"},{"key":"ref10","first-page":"1","article-title":"ALBERT: A lite BERT for self-supervised learning of language representations","volume-title":"Proc. 8th Int. Conf. Learn. Represent.","author":"Lan"},{"key":"ref11","first-page":"263","article-title":"Semeval-2013 task 7: The joint student response analysis and 8th recognizing textual entailment challenge","volume-title":"Proc. 2nd Joint Conf. Lexical Comput. Semantics","volume":"2","author":"Dzikovska"},{"key":"ref12","first-page":"752","article-title":"Learning to grade short answer questions using semantic similarity measures and dependency graph alignments","volume-title":"Proc. 49th Annu. Meeting Assoc. Comput. Linguistics, Hum. Lang. Technol.","author":"Mohler"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/D19-1628"},{"key":"ref14","first-page":"1","article-title":"Automatic short answer grading with SBERT on out-of-sample questions","volume-title":"Proc. 14th Int. Conf. Educ. Data Mining","author":"Condor"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3548636.3548645"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MLKE55170.2022.00055"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/OCIT56763.2022.00057"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.48550\/ARXIV.1706.03762"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/N18-1202"},{"key":"ref20","author":"Radford","year":"2018","journal-title":"Improving Language Understanding by Generative Pre-Training"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1162\/neco_a_01199"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1162\/neco.1997.9.8.1735"},{"key":"ref23","article-title":"Long short-term memory in recurrent neural networks","author":"Gers","year":"2001"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/72.963769"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2766462.2767830"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICAICA.2019.8873454"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/app10175841"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-17114-7_23"},{"key":"ref29","first-page":"608","article-title":"CoMeT: Integrating different levels of linguistic modeling for meaning assessment","volume-title":"Proc. 2nd Joint Conf. Lexical Comput. Semantics","volume":"2","author":"Ott"},{"key":"ref30","first-page":"275","article-title":"ETS: Domain adaptation and stacking for short answer scoring","volume-title":"Proc. 2nd Joint Conf. Lexical Comput. Semantics","volume":"2","author":"Heilman"},{"key":"ref31","first-page":"280","article-title":"SOFTCARDINALITY: Hierarchical text overlap for student response analysis","volume-title":"Proc. Joint Conf. Lexical Comput. Semantics","volume":"2","author":"Jimenez"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/N16-1123"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3269206.3271755"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5220\/0009422400580067"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/318723.318728"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3115\/v1\/W15-0612"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CONIT55038.2022.9847754"}],"container-title":["IEEE Access"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx8\/6287639\/10380310\/10577980.pdf?arnumber=10577980","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,19]],"date-time":"2024-07-19T05:56:30Z","timestamp":1721368590000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/10577980\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024]]},"references-count":37,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/access.2024.3420890","relation":{},"ISSN":["2169-3536"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2169-3536","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024]]}}}