{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T10:09:07Z","timestamp":1777630147742,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":145,"publisher":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,1]],"date-time":"2024-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1704067200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004515","name":"Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["TAP-K007009"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["TAP-K007009"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004515","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IEEE Access"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024]]},"DOI":"10.1109\/access.2024.3427714","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,15]],"date-time":"2024-07-15T18:23:17Z","timestamp":1721067797000},"page":"136330-136353","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Named Entity Recognition in User-Generated Text: A Systematic Literature Review"],"prefix":"10.1109","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-6690-5009","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Naji","family":"Esmaail","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Information Science and Technology, Centre for Artificial Intelligence Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8173-8933","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nazlia","family":"Omar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Information Science and Technology, Centre for Artificial Intelligence Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8908-8755","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Masnizah","family":"Mohd","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Information Science and Technology, Centre for Artificial Intelligence Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0491-4198","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fariza","family":"Fauzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Information Science and Technology, Centre for Artificial Intelligence Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6096-7553","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zainab","family":"Mansur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Information Science and Technology, Centre for Artificial Intelligence Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/tnnls.2019.2911236"},{"key":"ref2","first-page":"1383","article-title":"Named entity recognition for social media text","volume-title":"Proc. 1st Workshop Vector Space Modeling Natural Lang. Process.","author":"Zhang"},{"issue":"8","key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1285","DOI":"10.3844\/jcssp.2012.1285.1293","article-title":"Arabic named entity recognition using artificial neural network","volume":"8","author":"Mohammed","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Comput. Sci."},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/mc.2004.1297301"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1409360.1409378"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3115\/1572364.1572390"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/17538947.2018.1535000"},{"key":"ref8","first-page":"206","article-title":"Entity extraction of Hindi-English and tamil-english code-mixed social media text","volume-title":"Forum for Information Retrieval Evaluation","author":"Devi","year":"2016"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4018\/ijiit.2018100104"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12720\/jait.11.2.97-102"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3115\/v1\/W14-6202"},{"key":"ref12","first-page":"164","article-title":"Feature-Rich Twitter named entity recognition and classification","volume-title":"Proc. 2nd Workshop Noisy User-Generated Text (WNUT)","author":"Sikdar"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/W15-4319"},{"key":"ref14","first-page":"178","article-title":"DeepNNNER: Applying BLSTM-CNNs and extended lexicons to named entity recognition in tweets","volume-title":"Proc. 2nd Work. Noisy User-Generated Text","author":"Dugas"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/D18-1417"},{"key":"ref16","article-title":"A multi-task approach for named entity recognition in social media data","author":"Aguilar","year":"2019","journal-title":"arXiv:1906.04135"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3451964.3451981"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/BigData.2017.8258462"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2020.findings-emnlp.28"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.procs.2017.08.288"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18517\/ijaseit.7.2.1810"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cosrev.2018.06.001"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICOICE48418.2019.9035170"},{"key":"ref24","article-title":"A survey on recent advances in named entity recognition from deep learning models","author":"Yadav","year":"2019","journal-title":"arXiv:1910.11470"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TKDE.2020.2981314"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18280\/ria.340202"},{"key":"ref27","article-title":"A survey on recent advances in sequence labeling from deep learning models","author":"He","year":"2020","journal-title":"arXiv:2011.06727"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-981-15-1081-6_18"},{"key":"ref29","article-title":"Recent trends in named entity recognition (NER)","author":"Roy","year":"2021","journal-title":"arXiv:2101.11420"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICBATS54253.2022.9759051"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.26689\/jcer.v6i5.3958"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-981-16-3346-1_66"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2023.3240898"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/joumal.pmed1000097"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1609\/aaai.v32i1.11962"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/P19-1336"},{"key":"ref37","article-title":"BERT: Pre-training of deep bidirectional transformers for language understanding","author":"Devlin","year":"2018","journal-title":"arXiv:1810.04805"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1609\/aaai.v34i05.6368"},{"key":"ref39","article-title":"CONTaiNER: Few-shot named entity recognition via contrastive learning","author":"Das","year":"2021","journal-title":"arXiv:2109.07589"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2022.acl-long.392"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3485447.3512012"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2019.2931569"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-74251-5_8"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2021.acl-long.142"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2021.acl-long.248"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2021.acl-long.371"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2021.findings-emnlp.139"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/frma.2021.689803"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/GCCE53005.2021.9621966"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TKDE.2021.3088716"},{"key":"ref51","article-title":"Neural supervised domain adaptation by augmenting pre-trained models with random units","author":"Meftah","year":"2021","journal-title":"arXiv:2106.04935"},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2021.acl-srw.1"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3442381.3449995"},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICAICA50127.2020.9182472"},{"key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2020.105842"},{"key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2020.emnlp-main.516"},{"key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1609\/aaai.v34i05.6338"},{"key":"ref58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/BigComp48618.2020.00-70"},{"key":"ref59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neucom.2019.11.072"},{"key":"ref60","article-title":"Improving named entity recognition in tor darknet with local distance neighbor feature","author":"Wesam Al-Nabki","year":"2020","journal-title":"arXiv:2005.08746"},{"key":"ref61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2020.emnlp-main.107"},{"key":"ref62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-45442-5_48"},{"key":"ref63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-45442-5_48"},{"key":"ref64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2020.emnlp-demos.2"},{"key":"ref65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/D19-1433"},{"key":"ref66","first-page":"279","article-title":"DarkNER: A platform for named entity recognition in tor darknet","volume":"1","author":"Al Nabki","year":"2019","journal-title":"Jornadas Nacionales de Investigaci\u00f3n en Ciberseguridad (JNIC)"},{"key":"ref67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/N19-1078"},{"key":"ref68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/N18-1127"},{"key":"ref69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/W17-4418"},{"key":"ref70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/W17-4424"},{"key":"ref71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/W17-4423"},{"key":"ref72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/W17-4421"},{"key":"ref73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/W17-4422"},{"key":"ref74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/W17-4420"},{"key":"ref75","first-page":"171","article-title":"Learning to search for recognizing named entities in Twitter","volume-title":"Proc. 2nd Workshop Noisy User-Generated Text (WNUT)","author":"Partalas"},{"key":"ref76","first-page":"138","article-title":"Results of the WNUT16 named entity recognition shared task","volume-title":"Proc. 2nd Workshop Noisy User-Generated Text (WNUT)","author":"Strauss"},{"key":"ref77","first-page":"188","article-title":"ASU: An experimental study on applying deep learning in Twitter named entity recognition","volume-title":"Proc. 2nd Workshop Noisy User-Generated Text","author":"Gerguis"},{"key":"ref78","first-page":"153","article-title":"Learning to recognise named entities in tweets by exploiting weakly labelled data","volume-title":"Proc. 2nd Workshop Noisy User-Generated Text (WNUT)","author":"Espinosa"},{"key":"ref79","first-page":"145","article-title":"Bidirectional LSTM for named entity recognition in Ttwitter messages","volume-title":"Proc. 2nd Work. Noisy User-Generated Text","author":"Limsopatham"},{"key":"ref80","first-page":"203","article-title":"Semi-supervised named entity recognition in noisy-text","volume-title":"Proc. 2nd Workshop Noisy User-Generated Text (WNUT)","author":"Mishra"},{"key":"ref81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/W15-4321"},{"key":"ref82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/W15-4320"},{"key":"ref83","article-title":"Few-shot named entity recognition: A comprehensive study","author":"Huang","year":"2020","journal-title":"arXiv:2012.14978"},{"key":"ref84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICDE53745.2022.00086"},{"key":"ref85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2020.wnut-1.33"},{"key":"ref86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/D17-1187"},{"key":"ref87","article-title":"Character-aware attention residual network for sentence representation","volume-title":"Proc. 61st Annu. IIE Conf. Expo.","author":"Zheng"},{"key":"ref88","article-title":"Entity candidate network for whole-aware named entity recognition","author":"He","year":"2020","journal-title":"arXiv:2004.14145"},{"key":"ref89","first-page":"15","article-title":"A comparative study of word representation methods with conditional random fields and maximum entropy Markov for bio-named entity recognition","volume":"31","author":"Abd","year":"2018","journal-title":"Malaysian J. Comput. Sci."},{"key":"ref90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2020.acl-main.574"},{"key":"ref91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10115-018-1314-7"},{"key":"ref92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2020.findings-emnlp.394"},{"key":"ref93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.17576\/apjitm-2017-0602-01"},{"key":"ref94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15866\/ireaco.v9i5.9698"},{"key":"ref95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40537-019-0192-5"},{"key":"ref96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2020.3027764"},{"key":"ref97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IJCNN.2019.8852205"},{"key":"ref98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18178\/ijmlc.2019.9.1.758"},{"key":"ref99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.48550\/ARXIV.1907.11692"},{"key":"ref100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/SW-170276"},{"key":"ref101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/app11031090"},{"key":"ref102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3115\/1118853.1118877"},{"key":"ref103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3115\/1119176.1119195"},{"key":"ref104","article-title":"OntoNotes release 5.0","author":"Weischedel","year":"2012"},{"key":"ref105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jcim.2c01034"},{"key":"ref106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.procs.2019.09.229"},{"key":"ref107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neucom.2021.05.007"},{"key":"ref108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MCI.2018.2840738"},{"key":"ref109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ipm.2014.10.006"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref110","first-page":"364","article-title":"Survey on Arabic sentiment analysis in Twitter","volume":"9","author":"Alhumoud","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int. J. Soc. Behav. Educ. Econ. Manag. Eng."},{"key":"ref111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICDE53745.2022.00137"},{"key":"ref112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.13053\/rcs-110-1-6"},{"key":"ref113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.csl.2017.01.012"},{"key":"ref114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/jmir.7082"},{"key":"ref115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2651444"},{"key":"ref116","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/P18-1185"},{"key":"ref117","article-title":"A survey on transfer learning in natural language processing","author":"Alyafeai","year":"2020","journal-title":"arXiv:2007.04239"},{"key":"ref118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3394486.3403149"},{"key":"ref119","first-page":"8778","article-title":"Generalized cross entropy loss for training deep neural networks with noisy labels","volume-title":"Proc. NIPS","author":"Zhang"},{"key":"ref120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3115\/v1\/N15-1075"},{"key":"ref121","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3394171.3413650"},{"key":"ref122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/informatics8010019"},{"key":"ref123","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2022.118217"},{"key":"ref124","article-title":"An empirical survey of data augmentation for limited data learning in NLP","author":"Chen","year":"2021","journal-title":"arXiv:2106.07499"},{"key":"ref125","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/SDS51136.2021.00012"},{"key":"ref126","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2022.3157854"},{"key":"ref127","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neucom.2020.09.077"},{"key":"ref128","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/SW-180333"},{"key":"ref129","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/D18-1309"},{"key":"ref130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3522593"},{"key":"ref131","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2020.acl-main.577"},{"key":"ref132","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/N18-1202"},{"key":"ref133","first-page":"1638","article-title":"Contextual string embeddings for sequence labeling","volume-title":"Proc. 27th Int. Conf. Comput. Linguistics","author":"Akbik"},{"key":"ref134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2018.2798607"},{"key":"ref135","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2022.naacl-main.156"},{"key":"ref136","article-title":"T-NER: An all-round Python library for transformer-based named entity recognition","author":"Ushio","year":"2022","journal-title":"arXiv:2209.12616"},{"key":"ref137","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3534678.3539349"},{"key":"ref138","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.22364\/bjmc.2023.11.4.05"},{"key":"ref139","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/app13095360"},{"key":"ref140","article-title":"Attack named entity recognition by entity boundary interference","author":"Yang","year":"2023","journal-title":"arXiv:2305.05253"},{"key":"ref141","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11280-023-01143-5"},{"key":"ref142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/icwr57742.2023.10139222"},{"key":"ref143","article-title":"NER-to-MRC: Named-entity recognition completely solving as machine reading comprehension","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"arXiv:2305.03970"},{"key":"ref144","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/icde55515.2023.00122"},{"key":"ref145","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00521-022-07733-0"}],"container-title":["IEEE Access"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx8\/6287639\/10380310\/10597560.pdf?arnumber=10597560","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,2]],"date-time":"2024-10-02T18:28:09Z","timestamp":1727893689000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/10597560\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024]]},"references-count":145,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/access.2024.3427714","relation":{},"ISSN":["2169-3536"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2169-3536","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024]]}}}