{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,5]],"date-time":"2026-06-05T06:47:58Z","timestamp":1780642078177,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,1]],"date-time":"2024-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1704067200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/legalcode"}],"funder":[{"name":"Institute for Advanced Research Publication Grant of United International University","award":["IAR-2024-Pub-037"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IAR-2024-Pub-037"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002383","name":"King Saud University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RSP2025R18"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RSP2025R18"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002383","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IEEE Access"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024]]},"DOI":"10.1109\/access.2024.3517147","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,16]],"date-time":"2024-12-16T19:28:05Z","timestamp":1734377285000},"page":"192689-192709","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Blockchain-Based Central Bank Digital Currency: Empowering Centralized Oversight With Decentralized Transactions"],"prefix":"10.1109","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-1023-5025","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tayrin","family":"Tunzina","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, United International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-0621-4657","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Md Asif Karim","family":"Chayon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, United International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-4027-6699","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pritam Gupta","family":"Jitu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, United International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mosammed Upnan","family":"Ankon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, United International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sheikh Nahiduzzaman","family":"Joy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, United International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-5819-4905","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Redoy Kumar","family":"Shaha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, United International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8030-3225","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Md. Motaharul","family":"Islam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, United International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muhammad Shakhawat","family":"Hussain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"AFI Ventures, Dubai, United Arab Emirates"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3479-3606","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohammad Mehedi","family":"Hassan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Information Systems, College of Computer and Information Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Phuoc Hung","family":"Pham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Providence College, Providence, RI, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jimonfin.2022.102625"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10586-022-03962-z"},{"issue":"S7","key":"ref3","first-page":"640","article-title":"Central bank digital currencies: Exploring the future of money and banking","volume":"21","author":"Petare","year":"2024","journal-title":"Migration Lett."},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.26794\/2587-5671-2021-25-5-133-149"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1108\/JMLC-11-2021-0126"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tbench.2022.100073"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2020.3012295"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40854-016-0034-9"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref9","first-page":"16","article-title":"A survey on security and privacy in blockchain-based central bank digital currencies","volume":"11","author":"Lee","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Internet Services Inf. Secur."},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/joitmc7010072"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/fi15100321"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s23031336"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/app12094488"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICONSTEM.2019.8918887"},{"key":"ref15","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Central banks and the future of digital money","author":"Bouchaud","year":"2020"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.icte.2021.09.014"},{"key":"ref17","first-page":"21","article-title":"The role of central bank digital currency on features, perceived benefits and challenges compared to physical currency","volume":"1","author":"Ahmed","year":"2022","journal-title":"Traditional J. Law Social Sci."},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.strueco.2024.06.006"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.19044\/esj.2023.v19n16p160"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.17016\/2380-7172.2970"},{"key":"ref21","volume-title":"Understanding CBDC Money and Blockchain","author":"Antunez","year":"2023"},{"key":"ref22","volume-title":"Central Bank Digital Currencies: Foundational Principles and Core Features","year":"2020"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2023.3267047"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/GUCON50781.2021.9574020"},{"key":"ref25","volume-title":"Research report CBDC-based smart contract ecosystems","author":"Kocsis","year":"2021"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2022.3218010"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.17016\/2380-7172.2739"},{"key":"ref28","first-page":"1","article-title":"A high performance payment processing system designed for central bank digital currencies","author":"Lovejoy","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cryptol. ePrint Arch."},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-72465-8_6"},{"key":"ref30","article-title":"CBDC: Implementation of central bank digital currency using blockchain","volume-title":"Proc. 12th Int. Conf. Frontiers Intell. Comput., Theory Appl. (FICTA)","author":"Tunzina"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2139\/ssrn.3740324"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2021.3071033"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICDABI51230.2020.9325643"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2018.2827203"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2023.3284850"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2020.2968985"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/PDCAT.2017.00066"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/SOLI48380.2019.8955032"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2021.3065880"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3651655.3651660"},{"key":"ref41","volume-title":"EIP-225: Clique Proof-of-Authority Consensus Protocol","author":"Szil\u0161gyi","year":"2017"},{"key":"ref42","volume-title":"CBDC Solutions","year":"2024"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-75650-9_14"},{"key":"ref44","volume-title":"Ganache","year":"2024"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CIC.2018.00023"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref46","first-page":"1","article-title":"Recommendation for key management, Part 1: General","volume":"1","author":"Elaine","year":"2020"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.6028\/nist.sp.800-63b"},{"key":"ref48","volume-title":"ISO\/IEC 27001 Control Annex 10","year":"2024"},{"key":"ref49","volume-title":"ISO\/IEC 27001 Control Annex 9","year":"2024"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/COINS57856.2023.10189283"},{"key":"ref51","first-page":"1","article-title":"Future of money: Cryptocurrencies, blockchain technology and central bank digital currency","volume-title":"Proc. Int. Academic Conf. Manage. Econ.","author":"Kabaklarl\u0131"}],"container-title":["IEEE Access"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx8\/6287639\/10380310\/10798112.pdf?arnumber=10798112","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,26]],"date-time":"2024-12-26T19:19:33Z","timestamp":1735240773000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/10798112\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024]]},"references-count":51,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/access.2024.3517147","relation":{},"ISSN":["2169-3536"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2169-3536","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024]]}}}