{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,23]],"date-time":"2025-02-23T05:05:22Z","timestamp":1740287122198,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":66,"publisher":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]],"date-time":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735689600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/legalcode"}],"funder":[{"name":"Institute for Advanced Research Publication Grant of United International University","award":["IAR-2025-Pub-001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IAR-2025-Pub-001"]}]},{"name":"King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, through the Researchers Supporting Project","award":["RSP2025R18"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RSP2025R18"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IEEE Access"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1109\/access.2025.3542417","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,17]],"date-time":"2025-02-17T18:38:32Z","timestamp":1739817512000},"page":"31683-31700","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["uFOIL: An Unsupervised Fusion of Image Processing and Language Understanding"],"prefix":"10.1109","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-3097-8576","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Md. Abdur","family":"Rahman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, United International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-1057-803X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Md. Tanzimul","family":"Hasan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, United International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-5564-7977","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Umar","family":"Farooq Howlader","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, United International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-4174-4792","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Md. Abdul","family":"Kader","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, United International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8030-3225","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Md. Motaharul","family":"Islam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, United International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Phuoc","family":"Hung Pham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Providence College, Providence, RI, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3479-3606","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohammad","family":"Mehedi Hassan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Information Systems, College of Computer and Information Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"ref1","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2020.580820"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"ref2","DOI":"10.3390\/su131810424"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"ref3","DOI":"10.3390\/info15100596"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"ref4","DOI":"10.3390\/electronics12132864"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"ref5","DOI":"10.1162\/tacl_a_00437"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"ref6","DOI":"10.1016\/j.future.2022.05.014"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"ref7","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCCIS51004.2021.9397227"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"ref8","DOI":"10.1109\/TKDE.2022.3233046"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"ref9","DOI":"10.1007\/s11042-024-18655-5"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"ref10","DOI":"10.1145\/3476887.3476888"},{"key":"ref11","article-title":"STN-OCR: A single neural network for text detection and text recognition","author":"Bartz","year":"2017","journal-title":"arXiv:1707.08831"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"ref12","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijmedinf.2023.105122"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"ref13","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2023.3240898"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"ref14","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2023.3266377"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"ref15","DOI":"10.1162\/dint_a_00213"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"ref16","DOI":"10.1007\/s12652-021-03658-z"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"ref17","DOI":"10.3390\/info14040242"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"ref18","DOI":"10.1007\/s11042-023-17476-2"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"ref19","DOI":"10.3390\/jimaging6100110"},{"key":"ref20","article-title":"Text and style conditioned GAN for generation of offline handwriting lines","author":"Davis","year":"2020","journal-title":"arXiv:2009.00678"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"ref21","DOI":"10.1109\/ICPR48806.2021.9411922"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"ref22","DOI":"10.1109\/ICDAR.2019.00029"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"ref23","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPRW50498.2020.00294"},{"key":"ref24","first-page":"99","article-title":"LGPMA: Complicated table structure recognition with local and global pyramid mask alignment","volume-title":"Proc. Int. Conf. Document Anal. Recognit.","author":"Liang"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"ref25","DOI":"10.1016\/j.patcog.2022.108641"},{"key":"ref26","article-title":"Image processing based scene-text detection and recognition with tesseract","author":"Zacharias","year":"2020","journal-title":"arXiv:2004.08079"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"ref27","DOI":"10.1109\/ICDAR.2017.192"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"ref28","DOI":"10.5392\/IJoC.2015.11.4.077"},{"key":"ref29","first-page":"1918","article-title":"TableBank: Table benchmark for image-based table detection and recognition","volume-title":"Proc. 12th Lang. Resour. Eval. Conf.","author":"Li"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"ref30","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0309286"},{"key":"ref31","article-title":"Complicated table structure recognition","author":"Chi","year":"2019","journal-title":"arXiv:1908.04729"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"ref32","DOI":"10.1145\/2960811.2967152"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"ref33","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCV48922.2021.00103"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"ref34","DOI":"10.1609\/aaai.v35i15.17573"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"ref35","DOI":"10.1145\/3503161.3547911"},{"key":"ref36","article-title":"Nougat: Neural optical understanding for academic documents","author":"Blecher","year":"2023","journal-title":"arXiv:2308.13418"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"ref37","DOI":"10.1007\/s10032-024-00471-0"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"ref38","DOI":"10.1007\/s40747-023-01235-9"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"ref39","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2024.3375497"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"ref40","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR52688.2022.01739"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"ref41","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neucom.2021.01.103"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"ref42","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-86549-8_37"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"ref43","DOI":"10.1007\/s41870-022-01107-4"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"ref44","DOI":"10.1007\/s44196-023-00233-6"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"ref45","DOI":"10.1609\/aaai.v36i11.21539"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"ref46","DOI":"10.1007\/s10032-019-00317-0"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"ref47","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ins.2021.01.052"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"ref48","DOI":"10.1109\/ICDARW.2019.40098"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"ref49","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2018.2845880"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"ref50","DOI":"10.3390\/jimaging7120278"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"ref51","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2022.findings-acl.34"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"ref52","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2024.3522141"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"ref53","DOI":"10.1109\/vbc.1990.109340"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"ref54","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-20578-w"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"ref55","DOI":"10.1145\/3422622"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"ref56","DOI":"10.1016\/j.patrec.2021.09.014"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"ref57","DOI":"10.1109\/ICDAR.2007.4376991"},{"volume-title":"EasyOCR: Ready-to-Use OCR With 80+ Supported Languages and All Popular Writing Scripts","year":"2021","key":"ref58"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"ref59","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2019.00959"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"ref60","DOI":"10.1609\/aaai.v37i11.26538"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"ref61","DOI":"10.1007\/s11042-024-18187-y"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"ref62","DOI":"10.1007\/s00521-023-09356-5"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"ref63","DOI":"10.3390\/s24123758"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"ref64","DOI":"10.1109\/LWC.2024.3499970"},{"key":"ref65","article-title":"Stacked intelligent metasurfaces for wireless sensing and communication: Applications and challenges","author":"Liu","year":"2024","journal-title":"arXiv:2407.03566"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"ref66","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2024.3365742"}],"container-title":["IEEE Access"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx8\/6287639\/10820123\/10890958.pdf?arnumber=10890958","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,22]],"date-time":"2025-02-22T05:42:20Z","timestamp":1740202940000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/10890958\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"references-count":66,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/access.2025.3542417","relation":{},"ISSN":["2169-3536"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"2169-3536"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025]]}}}