{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,9]],"date-time":"2026-05-09T16:38:55Z","timestamp":1778344735276,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":73,"publisher":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]],"date-time":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735689600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["62373021"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["62373021"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"Khalifa University Center for Autonomous and Robotic Systems","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RC1-2018-KUCARS"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RC1-2018-KUCARS"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"Khalifa University Center for Autonomous and Robotic Systems","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MBZIRC-8434000194"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MBZIRC-8434000194"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Khalifa University-Beijing Institute of Technology (KU-BIT)-Joint-Laboratory","award":["843400053"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["843400053"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IEEE Access"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1109\/access.2025.3548552","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,5]],"date-time":"2025-03-05T18:52:47Z","timestamp":1741200767000},"page":"44385-44402","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Sensory Substitution Device for Time Presentation: Spatial\u2013Temporal Vibrotactile Encoding for Presenting Time on the Human Wrist"],"prefix":"10.1109","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8980-0933","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Naqash","family":"Afzal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Khalifa University Center for Autonomous Robotic Systems (KUCARS), Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Irfan","family":"Hussain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Khalifa University Center for Autonomous Robotic Systems (KUCARS), Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zejian","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Virtual Reality Technology and Systems, Beihang University, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9051-9698","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Domenico","family":"Prattichizzo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Information Engineering and Mathematics, University of Siena, Siena, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6405-8402","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lakmal","family":"Seneviratne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Khalifa University Center for Autonomous Robotic Systems (KUCARS), Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2054-2483","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuru","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Virtual Reality Technology and Systems, Beihang University, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3178-6494","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dangxiao","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Virtual Reality Technology and Systems, Beihang University, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TOH.2009.33"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TRO.2008.921561"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ROMAN.2014.6926275"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/SICE.2006.315343"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/WHC.2013.6548459"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIM.2010.2065830"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TOH.2015.2482478"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICRA.2011.5980082"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIE.2019.2898620"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s42486-024-00166-9"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TOH.2021.3139890"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TOH.2018.2879812"},{"key":"ref13","first-page":"120","article-title":"Dynamics of innovation in the electronic watch industry: A comparative business history of Longines (Switzerland) and Seiko (Japan), 1960\u20131980","volume":"37","author":"Donz\u00e9","year":"2019","journal-title":"Essays Econ. Bus. Hist."},{"key":"ref14","article-title":"Enabling the IBM Linux wristwatch as an embedded mobile node in IPV6 networks","author":"Jagana"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1979.sp012619"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00504.2020"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/JP286027"},{"key":"ref18","first-page":"195","article-title":"Intensive and extensive aspects of tactile sensitivity as a function of body part, sex, and laterality","volume-title":"Proc. 1st Int. Symp.","author":"Weinstein"},{"key":"ref19","volume-title":"Haptica Braille Watch","author":"Chavez","year":"2011"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/GCCE.2014.7031094"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2470654.2466223"},{"key":"ref22","volume-title":"Meteor Vibrating Watch","author":"Aust","year":"2012"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIE.2023.3270545"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1978942.1979425"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-45233-1_28"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ISWC.2001.962092"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/WHC.2009.4810895"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/WHC.2011.5945511"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2702123.2702530"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1753326.1753392"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3758\/BF03335097"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1121\/1.1918868"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3758\/BF03205819"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JPROC.2012.2221071"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4324\/9780203890004"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3758\/BF03208688"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ROMAN.2009.5326207"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3758\/BF03210362"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3758\/bf03212793"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/acprof:oso\/9780195173154.001.0001"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1121\/1.420154"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2011.07.043"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TNSRE.2011.2170856"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brs.2021.04.008"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1121\/1.1288937"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1541931214581355"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3758\/BF03206086"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/WHC.2005.103"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/h0045283"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.131.3413.1583"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1152215.1152265"},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3758\/BF03194989"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-69057-3_25"},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TOH.2012.74"},{"key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1068\/p5914"},{"key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/HAPTIC.2006.1627079"},{"key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TOH.2017.2742507"},{"key":"ref58","article-title":"Automatic and control processing and attention","author":"Schneider","year":"1982"},{"key":"ref59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0096-1523.27.4.763"},{"key":"ref60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1467-9280.00318"},{"key":"ref61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-407794-2.00069-9"},{"key":"ref62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnhum.2011.00162"},{"key":"ref63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/c2015-0-00143-5"},{"key":"ref64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/001872086600800511"},{"key":"ref65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3758\/BF03207413"},{"key":"ref66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1121\/1.3458852"},{"key":"ref67","volume-title":"Precision Microdrives Limited","year":"2017"},{"key":"ref68","volume-title":"Ko\u2019TL (Jinlong Machinery & Electronics Co. Ltd.)","year":"2017"},{"key":"ref69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICMA.2016.7558904"},{"key":"ref70","volume-title":"Skinscape: A Tool for Composition in the Tactile Modality","author":"Gunther","year":"2001"},{"key":"ref71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2202-8-48"},{"key":"ref72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TOH.2013.2296051"},{"key":"ref73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11432-018-9931-1"}],"container-title":["IEEE Access"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx8\/6287639\/10820123\/10912496.pdf?arnumber=10912496","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,17]],"date-time":"2025-03-17T17:48:05Z","timestamp":1742233685000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/10912496\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"references-count":73,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/access.2025.3548552","relation":{},"ISSN":["2169-3536"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2169-3536","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025]]}}}