{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,20]],"date-time":"2026-02-20T07:07:56Z","timestamp":1771571276954,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]],"date-time":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735689600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/legalcode"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004055","name":"Saudi Data and AI Authority (SDAIA) and the King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals (KFUPM) under the SDAIA-KFUPM Joint Research Center for Artificial Intelligence","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CAI02564"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CAI02564"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004055","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IEEE Access"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1109\/access.2025.3563590","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,24]],"date-time":"2025-04-24T17:06:45Z","timestamp":1745514405000},"page":"73146-73160","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Control Optimization of Steam Boilers via Reinforcement Learning"],"prefix":"10.1109","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6929-6880","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emmanuel","family":"Okafor","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"SDAIA-KFUPM Joint Research Center for Artificial Intelligence, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0555-8620","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maad","family":"Alowaifeer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SDAIA-KFUPM Joint Research Center for Artificial Intelligence, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0005-1098(99)00171-5"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPWRS.2010.2061879"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.energy.2017.02.140"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1063\/5.0157242"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-78811-7_50"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TMEE.2011.6199394"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CCA.2014.6981553"},{"key":"ref8","article-title":"Drum-boiler control performance optimization using an observer-based state-feedback controller within MATLAB\/SIMULINK environment","author":"Elguindy","year":"2013"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MEPCON50283.2021.9686205"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/a12070132"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CICN.2015.293"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prime.2023.100383"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3269206.3272024"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2023.138109"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2507\/22nd.daaam.proceedings.298"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2025.126829"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dche.2024.100139"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.measen.2023.101004"},{"key":"ref19","first-page":"15","article-title":"Industrial boiler safety monitoring system","author":"Raja","year":"2024","journal-title":"Ind. Control Syst."},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jprocont.2024.103268"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s24072340"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.engappai.2018.07.003"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fenrg.2022.953387"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1609\/aaai.v36i4.20393"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.59395\/ijadis.v5i2.1339"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/tie.2025.3532735"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jksuci.2023.101896"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/24751839.2020.1833137"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2023.123055"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.30684\/etj.v39i9.1998"},{"key":"ref31","article-title":"Continuous control with deep reinforcement learning","author":"Lillicrap","year":"2015","journal-title":"arXiv:1509.02971"},{"key":"ref32","first-page":"1587","article-title":"Addressing function approximation error in actor-critic methods","volume-title":"Proc. Int. Conf. Mach. Learn.","author":"Fujimoto"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.48550\/arXiv.1812.05905"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TASE.2024.3467382"}],"container-title":["IEEE Access"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx8\/6287639\/10820123\/10974955.pdf?arnumber=10974955","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,5]],"date-time":"2025-05-05T17:58:35Z","timestamp":1746467915000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/10974955\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"references-count":34,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/access.2025.3563590","relation":{},"ISSN":["2169-3536"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2169-3536","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025]]}}}