{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,3]],"date-time":"2026-04-03T06:57:32Z","timestamp":1775199452183,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":81,"publisher":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]],"date-time":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735689600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/legalcode"}],"funder":[{"name":"European Union\u2019s Horizon Europe research and innovation programme under \u201cTransmission and distribution Hybrid networks with enhanced resilience and robustness\u201d","award":["101172877"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["101172877"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IEEE Access"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1109\/access.2025.3577761","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,9]],"date-time":"2025-06-09T17:35:48Z","timestamp":1749490548000},"page":"102109-102132","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Temporal-Spatial Feature Extraction in IoT-Based SCADA System Security: Hybrid CNN-LSTM and Attention-Based Architectures for Malware Classification and Attack Detection"],"prefix":"10.1109","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9313-4910","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Onur","family":"Polat","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Engineering, Bingöl University, Bingöl, Türkiye"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6031-9414","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ali","family":"Ayid Ahmad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Kirkuk, Kirkuk, Iraq"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3880-3039","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Saadin","family":"Oyucu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Engineering, Faculty of Technology, Gazi University, Ankara, Türkiye"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1281-053X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Enes","family":"Alg\u00fcl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Engineering, Bingöl University, Bingöl, Türkiye"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9203-697X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ferdi","family":"Do\u011fan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Engineering, Adıyaman Üniversitesi, Adiyaman, Türkiye"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2563-1218","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ahmet","family":"Aks\u00f6z","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Kayseri University, Kayseri, Türkiye"}]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"issue":"10","key":"ref1","first-page":"109","article-title":"Industrial control systems security and supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA)","volume":"3","author":"Rao","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. J. Mod. Trends Sci. Technol."},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5815\/ijem.2020.02.02"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JSYST.2023.3270620"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICSC60084.2023.10349993"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s19224952"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-18075-1_1"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCSET49122.2020.235462"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICGCIoT.2015.7380718"},{"key":"ref9","first-page":"1","article-title":"Comparison of deep learning models in terms of multiple object detection on satellite images","volume":"10","author":"Do\u011fan","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Eng. Res."},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-981-99-4518-4_4"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.32894\/kujss.2018.13.3.12"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/COMPSAC.2018.10315"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.future.2018.03.007"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.31449\/inf.v46i8.4348"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/7339647"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/8195395"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2018.00813"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2017.683"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-58452-8_13"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.48550\/ARXIV.1807.06521"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1755-1315\/1026\/1\/012030"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s19204455"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40012-013-0024-2"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcip.2021.100433"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.28945\/3185"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-16806-2_5"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MC.2011.115"},{"key":"ref28","first-page":"1","article-title":"A quantitative evaluation of the target selection of havex ics malware plugin","volume-title":"Proc. Ind. Control Syst. Secur. (ICSS) Workshop","author":"Rrushi"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MILCOM.2017.8170867"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIFS.2015.2422259"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/SP.2018.00009"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CQR.2015.7129084"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s20072040"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/EWDTS.2019.8884472"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11416-022-00434-1"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2459976.2459982"},{"key":"ref37","article-title":"Cybersecurity analysis of a SCADA system under current standards, client requisites, and penetration testing","author":"Rocha","year":"2019"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.34190\/eccws.22.1.1157"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MSPEC.2013.6471059"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref40","first-page":"250","article-title":"Economic impacts of cyber security in energy sector: A review","volume":"7","author":"Venkatachary","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. J. Energy Econ. Policy"},{"key":"ref41","first-page":"1","article-title":"Analysis of the cyber attack on the Ukrainian power grid","volume":"388","author":"Case","year":"2016","journal-title":"Electr. Inf. Sharing Anal. Center (E-ISAC)"},{"key":"ref42","first-page":"1","article-title":"TRITON: The first ICS cyber attack on safety instrument systems","volume-title":"Proc. Black Hat USA","author":"Di Pinto"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CCGridW59191.2023.00017"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.32894\/kujss.2018.143044"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CSCI62032.2023.00152"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neunet.2023.05.047"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/su15108076"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21608\/aujst.2022.174148.1003"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2023.3247193"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s23020758"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/electronics12122554"},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/electronics10121459"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4018\/978-1-7998-5101-1.ch006"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref54","first-page":"12","article-title":"Security challenges in SCADA systems","volume":"7","author":"Ruzaili","year":"2024","journal-title":"Borneo Int. J."},{"key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcip.2020.100394"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref56","first-page":"1","article-title":"Vulnerability assessment and analysis of scada and foundation fieldbus on industrial control system (ICS) networks: A literature review","volume":"17","author":"Akheel","year":"2023","journal-title":"IUP J. Comput. Sci."},{"key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.69693\/jesa.v1i2.10"},{"key":"ref58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICITRI56423.2022.9970221"},{"key":"ref59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3991\/ijim.v18i19.49907"},{"key":"ref60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/AICT61888.2024.10740422"},{"key":"ref61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-38652-7_2"},{"key":"ref62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ins.2011.08.020"},{"key":"ref63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-69143-1_12"},{"key":"ref64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-981-15-3753-0_49"},{"key":"ref65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/JCS-220031"},{"key":"ref66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JIOT.2024.3360294"},{"key":"ref67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSG.2024.3474039"},{"key":"ref68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIFS.2024.3385321"},{"key":"ref69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MALWARE.2015.7413680"},{"key":"ref70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/en12173310"},{"key":"ref71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICTC46691.2019.8939744"},{"key":"ref72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3416013.3426457"},{"key":"ref73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compeleceng.2021.107212"},{"key":"ref74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/GIIS.2018.8635743"},{"key":"ref75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TNSE.2021.3099371"},{"key":"ref76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s23177464"},{"key":"ref77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/electronics12051164"},{"key":"ref78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CyberSecurity49315.2020.9138871"},{"key":"ref79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11277-024-11366-y"},{"key":"ref80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5555\/3241189.3241275"},{"key":"ref81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2019.00326"}],"container-title":["IEEE Access"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx8\/6287639\/10820123\/11028034.pdf?arnumber=11028034","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,24]],"date-time":"2025-06-24T06:14:53Z","timestamp":1750745693000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/11028034\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"references-count":81,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/access.2025.3577761","relation":{},"ISSN":["2169-3536"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2169-3536","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025]]}}}