{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,5]],"date-time":"2026-06-05T05:12:32Z","timestamp":1780636352520,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]],"date-time":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735689600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/legalcode"}],"funder":[{"name":"Piano Nazionale di Ripresa e Resilienza (PNNR) Project ITSERR-Italian Strengthening of the \u201cEuropean Strategy Forum on Research Infrastructures, Research Infrastructure (ESFRI RI) RESILIENCE\u201d"},{"name":"European Union (EU)\u2013NextGenerationEU","award":["IR0000014"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IR0000014"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IEEE Access"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1109\/access.2025.3584309","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,30]],"date-time":"2025-06-30T13:39:16Z","timestamp":1751290756000},"page":"114370-114383","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["AZIM: Arabic-Centric Zero-Shot Inference for Multilingual Topic Modeling With Enhanced Performance on Summarized Text"],"prefix":"10.1109","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8151-8941","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sania","family":"Aftar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Engineering “Enzo Ferrari,”, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abdul","family":"Rehman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Engineering “Enzo Ferrari,”, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8087-6587","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sonia","family":"Bergamaschi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Engineering “Enzo Ferrari,”, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luca","family":"Gagliardelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Engineering “Enzo Ferrari,”, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.procs.2022.09.134"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3115\/v1\/P14-2110"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3326065"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/P16-1064"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2699939"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10618-015-0442-x"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2956235"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3115\/1699571.1699627"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1526709.1526904"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/P16-1120"},{"key":"ref11","article-title":"Multilingual topic models for unaligned text","author":"Boyd-Graber","year":"2012","journal-title":"arXiv:1205.2657"},{"key":"ref12","first-page":"2595","article-title":"Learning multilingual topics from incomparable corpora","volume-title":"Proc. 27th Int. Conf. Comput. Linguistics","author":"Hao"},{"key":"ref13","article-title":"Inverted bilingual topic models for lexicon extraction from non-parallel data","author":"Ma","year":"2016","journal-title":"arXiv:1612.07215"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-12275-0_39"},{"key":"ref15","article-title":"Word translation without parallel data","author":"Conneau","year":"2017","journal-title":"arXiv:1710.04087"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/p18-1073"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/P17-1179"},{"key":"ref18","article-title":"Geographic analysis and modeling with raster data","volume":"2","author":"Hijmans","year":"2011"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10115-018-1179-9"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10115-015-0849-0"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2021.eacl-main.143"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.24963\/ijcai.2021\/638"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2020.insights-1.5"},{"key":"ref24","first-page":"1607","article-title":"Replicated softmax: An undirected topic model","volume-title":"Proc. Adv. Neural Inf. Process. Syst.","volume":"22","author":"Hinton"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11042-018-6894-4"},{"key":"ref26","first-page":"1727","article-title":"Neural variational inference for text processing","volume-title":"Proc. Int. Conf. Mach. Learn. (ICML)","author":"Miao"},{"key":"ref27","first-page":"1791","article-title":"Neural variational inference and learning in belief networks","volume-title":"Proc. Int. Conf. Mach. Learn. (ICML)","author":"Mnih"},{"key":"ref28","article-title":"Autoencoding variational inference for topic models","author":"Srivastava","year":"2017","journal-title":"arXiv:1703.01488"},{"key":"ref29","first-page":"2410","article-title":"Discovering discrete latent topics with neural variational inference","volume-title":"Proc. Int. Conf. Mach. Learn. (ICML)","author":"Miao"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/D18-1096"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1162\/tacl_a_00325"},{"key":"ref32","article-title":"Pre-training is a hot topic: Contextualized document embeddings improve topic coherence","author":"Bianchi","year":"2020","journal-title":"arXiv:2004.03974"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/D19-1410"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2024.findings-emnlp.534"},{"key":"ref35","first-page":"1","article-title":"A novel methodology for topic identification in Hadith","volume-title":"Proc. 20th Conf. Inf. Res. Sci. Connecting Digit. Library Sci.","author":"Aftar"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/860435.860460"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3115\/1613715.1613763"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1141753.1141765"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1148170.1148204"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10791-012-9200-5"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3115\/1273073.1273197"},{"key":"ref42","first-page":"8653","article-title":"Multilingual anchoring: Interactive topic modeling and alignment across languages","volume-title":"Proc. Adv. Neural Inf. Process. Syst.","volume":"31","author":"Yuan"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3115\/v1\/P14-1110"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.procs.2021.05.096"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.procs.2018.10.492"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/22609"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-55187-2_19"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.48550\/ARXIV.1706.03762"},{"key":"ref49","first-page":"4171","article-title":"BERT: Pre-training of deep bidirectional transformers for language understanding","volume-title":"Proc. Conf. North Amer. Chapter Assoc. Comput. Linguistics, Human Lang. Technol.","volume":"1","author":"Devlin"},{"key":"ref50","article-title":"Unsupervised cross-lingual representation learning at scale","author":"Conneau","year":"2019","journal-title":"arXiv:1911.02116"},{"key":"ref51","article-title":"Language-agnostic BERT sentence embedding","author":"Feng","year":"2020","journal-title":"arXiv:2007.01852"},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.48550\/arXiv.1312.6114"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2020.repl4nlp-1.16"},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dib.2019.104076"},{"key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dib.2022.108540"},{"key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2684822.2685324"},{"key":"ref57","first-page":"13","article-title":"Evaluating topic coherence using distributional semantics","volume-title":"Proc. 10th Int. Conf. Comput. Semantics","author":"Aletras"},{"key":"ref58","article-title":"Notes on Kullback\u2013Leibler divergence and likelihood","author":"Shlens","year":"2014","journal-title":"arXiv:1404.2000"},{"key":"ref59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511486975"},{"key":"ref60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/acprof:oso\/9780199290826.001.0001"}],"container-title":["IEEE Access"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx8\/6287639\/10820123\/11058925.pdf?arnumber=11058925","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,9]],"date-time":"2025-07-09T23:20:17Z","timestamp":1752103217000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/11058925\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"references-count":60,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/access.2025.3584309","relation":{},"ISSN":["2169-3536"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2169-3536","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025]]}}}