{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,18]],"date-time":"2025-12-18T14:30:27Z","timestamp":1766068227990,"version":"3.43.0"},"reference-count":65,"publisher":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]],"date-time":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735689600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IEEE Access"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1109\/access.2025.3592816","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,28]],"date-time":"2025-07-28T19:50:48Z","timestamp":1753732248000},"page":"134080-134112","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["LIoTning: A Peer-Supervised Payment Channel Approach for Secure Micropayments in IoT Ecosystem"],"prefix":"10.1109","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-1917-2640","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Erfan","family":"Bahrami","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-2998-9278","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amir M.","family":"Aghapour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7269-779X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Morteza","family":"Amini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran"}]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/jiot.2024.3421245"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.future.2013.01.010"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpdc.2020.11.003"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rser.2019.109663"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/jiot.2023.3247487"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.procs.2016.09.074"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/access.2020.3046020"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-23269-5_12"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-662-53357-4_8"},{"volume-title":"Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System","year":"2008","author":"Nakamoto","key":"ref10"},{"volume-title":"Ethereum White Paper","year":"2013","author":"Buterin","key":"ref11"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ictc.2018.8539529"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/mnet.001.1800290"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/access.2020.2967218"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-51280-4_12"},{"key":"ref16","article-title":"Layer 2 blockchain scaling: A survey","author":"Sguanci","year":"2021","journal-title":"arXiv:2107.10881"},{"volume-title":"The Bitcoin Lightning Network: Scalable Off-Chain Instant Payments","year":"2016","author":"Poon","key":"ref17"},{"volume-title":"Lightning Network X IoT (LoT); Potential, Challenges and Solutions","year":"2021","author":"Kurimoto","key":"ref18"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/sfcs.2001.959888"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.future.2020.05.033"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.future.2018.05.046"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3243734.3243856"},{"volume-title":"Anti Dos for Tx Replacement","year":"2013","author":"Spilman","key":"ref23"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-21741-3_1"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3312614.3312629"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/iccnc.2019.8685545"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/icdcs47774.2020.00025"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s20072156"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/icc45855.2022.9839064"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.52953\/wzpc8083"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/tmc.2023.3317704"},{"volume-title":"Neutrino: Privacy-Preserving Bitcoin Light Client","year":"2023","key":"ref32"},{"volume-title":"Phoenix is a Self-Custodial Bitcoin Wallet Using Lightning to Send\/Receive Payments","year":"2023","key":"ref33"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3341301.3359627"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/icc42927.2021.9500288"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref36","first-page":"30","article-title":"The tangle","volume":"1","author":"Popov","year":"2018","journal-title":"White Paper"},{"volume-title":"Nano Whitepaper","year":"2025","key":"ref37"},{"volume-title":"IoTeX","year":"2025","key":"ref38"},{"volume-title":"IoT Chain","year":"2025","key":"ref39"},{"volume-title":"Walton Chain","year":"2025","key":"ref40"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/sp.2019.00020"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/tdsc.2023.3238332"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/tnsm.2021.3101808"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/mce.2021.3060720"},{"volume-title":"Bip 37: Connection Bloom Filtering","year":"2025","author":"Hearn","key":"ref45"},{"volume-title":"Bip 157: Client Side Block Filtering","year":"2025","author":"Osuntokun","key":"ref46"},{"volume-title":"Bip 158: Compact Block Filters for  Light Clients","year":"2025","author":"Osuntokun","key":"ref47"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3634737.3644993"},{"volume-title":"Unlinkable Outsourced Channel Monitoring","year":"2016","author":"Dryja","key":"ref49"},{"key":"ref50","article-title":"Towards secure and efficient payment channels","author":"Avarikioti","year":"2018","journal-title":"arXiv:1811.12740"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3318041.3355464"},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3318041.3355461"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-51280-4_19"},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3320269.3384716"},{"key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/infocom42981.2021.9488831"},{"key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-22301-3_24"},{"key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/jsac.2022.3213355"},{"key":"ref58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/tdsc.2024.3502689"},{"key":"ref59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/tdsc.2024.3445429"},{"key":"ref60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3548606.3559370"},{"key":"ref61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-70278-0_12"},{"key":"ref62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-70936-7_4"},{"key":"ref63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-92075-3_22"},{"article-title":"RSK: A Bitcoin sidechain with stateful smart-contracts","year":"2022","author":"Lerner","key":"ref64"},{"volume-title":"Liquid: A Bitcoin Sidechain","year":"2020","author":"Nick","key":"ref65"}],"container-title":["IEEE Access"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx8\/6287639\/10820123\/11098704.pdf?arnumber=11098704","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,4]],"date-time":"2025-08-04T18:46:27Z","timestamp":1754333187000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/11098704\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"references-count":65,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/access.2025.3592816","relation":{},"ISSN":["2169-3536"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"2169-3536"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025]]}}}