{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,25]],"date-time":"2026-02-25T18:19:57Z","timestamp":1772043597043,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":222,"publisher":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]],"date-time":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735689600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/legalcode"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006730","name":"Federal Ministry of Education and Research of Germany (BMBF) under Project 6G-ANNA","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006730","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IEEE Access"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1109\/access.2025.3595752","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,4]],"date-time":"2025-08-04T18:46:18Z","timestamp":1754333178000},"page":"143843-143874","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Toward AI in 6G: Concepts, Techniques, and Standards"],"prefix":"10.1109","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9381-0197","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sina","family":"Shafaei","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Vodafone Group Services GmbH, Düsseldorf, Germany"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7116-1739","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alex","family":"Palaios","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ericsson Research, Würselen, Germany"}]},{"given":"Zied","family":"Ennaceur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut Datentechnik und Kommunikationsnetze, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Brunswick, Germany"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5222-372X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jiajing","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Communication Technology, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1983-8140","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vedhas","family":"Pandit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Advancing Individual Networks GmbH, Bochum, Germany"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-4504-3847","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pramesh","family":"Gautam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Communications Engineering, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany"}]},{"given":"Afsaneh","family":"Gharouni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nokia, München, Germany"}]},{"given":"Borislava","family":"Gajic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nokia, München, Germany"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8165-5735","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bitan","family":"Banerjee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Communication Technology, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9796-7880","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sachinkumar B.","family":"Mallikarjun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Kaiserslautern (RPTU), Kaiserslautern, Germany"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9874-0047","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohammad Asif","family":"Habibi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Kaiserslautern (RPTU), Kaiserslautern, Germany"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-6080-9650","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Phuong Bich","family":"Duong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Siemens AG, Munich, Germany"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5646-7927","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Simone","family":"Mangiante","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vodafone Group, Newbury, U.K."}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7075-8990","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Muhammad Qurratulain","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Communication Technology, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1315-7635","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohammad","family":"Parvini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Communication Technology, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0738-556X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Philipp","family":"Schulz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Communication Technology, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-4204-322X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Faizan","family":"Rauf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vodafone Group Services GmbH, Düsseldorf, Germany"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2777-4722","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Norman","family":"Franchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Smart Electronics and Systems, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8826-7580","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Renato L. G.","family":"Cavalcante","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fraunhofer HHI, Berlin, Germany"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4939-6758","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jochen","family":"Fink","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fraunhofer HHI, Berlin, Germany"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-4547-6050","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Philipp","family":"Reitz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Smart Electronics and Systems, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6527-8925","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maximilian","family":"L\u00fcbke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Smart Electronics and Systems, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2263-3875","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Torsten","family":"Rei\u00dfLand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Smart Electronics and Systems, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany"}]},{"given":"Ali El","family":"Husseini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ericsson Research, Würselen, Germany"}]},{"given":"Reem","family":"Karaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ericsson Research, Würselen, Germany"}]},{"given":"Zahra","family":"Seifaei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Smart Electronics and Systems, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-3002-6529","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marco","family":"Danger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Communication Networks Institute (CNI), TU Dortmund University, Dortmund, Germany"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8501-7324","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carsten","family":"Bockelmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Communications Engineering, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1181-3897","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Arne","family":"Br\u00f6ring","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Siemens AG, Munich, Germany"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0441-510X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Guenter","family":"Klas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vodafone Group, Newbury, U.K."}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3829-4668","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Slawomir","family":"Stanczak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Network information Theory Group, Technische Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5005-3635","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hans D.","family":"Schotten","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Division of Wireless Communications and Radio Navigation, University of Kaiserslautern (RPTU), Kaiserslautern, Germany"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4622-1311","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gerhard P.","family":"Fettweis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Communication Technology, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany"}]},{"given":"Admela","family":"Jukan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut Datentechnik und Kommunikationsnetze, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Brunswick, Germany"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7008-1537","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giang T.","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Communication Technology, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1702-9075","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rafael F.","family":"Schaefer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Communication Technology, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany"}]},{"given":"Ralf","family":"Irmer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vodafone Group Services GmbH, Düsseldorf, Germany"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7653-2589","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christian","family":"Wietfeld","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Communication Networks Institute (CNI), TU Dortmund University, Dortmund, Germany"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5790-1470","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Armin","family":"Dekorsy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Communications Engineering, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany"}]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"key":"ref1","article-title":"6G white paper on localization and sensing","author":"Bourdoux","year":"2020","journal-title":"arXiv:2006.01779"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/mnet.011.2000195"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ojcoms.2022.3143098"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/comst.2021.3135829"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1587\/transcom.2022cei0002"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/tcomm.2023.3280937"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/iwcmc61514.2024.10592464"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/comst.2023.3300664"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ojcoms.2024.3380509"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/iswcs61526.2024.10639163"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/comst.2022.3199544"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/comst.2019.2904897"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/access.2021.3129850"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/twc.2023.3270441"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/comst.2020.3011561"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/access.2020.2981745"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/tnn.2008.2005605"},{"key":"ref18","volume-title":"6G-Forschungs-Hubs-Vernetzung Und Sicherheit Digitaler Systeme"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref19","first-page":"627","article-title":"Digital empowerment: Freedom of expression beyond 5G and 6G networks in developing countries","volume":"43","author":"Farooq","year":"2023","journal-title":"Pakistan J. Social Sci."},{"issue":"21","key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8951","DOI":"10.3390\/su12218951","article-title":"Sustainability as a challenge and driver for novel ecosystemic 6G business Scenarios","volume":"12","author":"Yrj\u00f6l\u00e4","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sustainability"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref21","first-page":"249","article-title":"Supervised machine learning: A review of classification techniques","volume":"31","author":"Kotsiantis","year":"2007","journal-title":"Emerg. Artif. Intell. Appl. Comput. Eng."},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/access.2019.2916648"},{"key":"ref23","volume-title":"Reinforcement Learning: An Introduction","author":"Sutton","year":"2018"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/en14175392"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/mcom.001.2200023"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ojcoms.2022.3146618"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/access.2022.3166160"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s22145375"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/gcwkshps45667.2019.9024384"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.23919\/wiopt47501.2019.9144088"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/tvt.2020.3009746"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/tsp.2018.2866382"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/iccchina.2018.8641165"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/eucnc\/6gsummit58263.2023.10188225"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/eucnc\/6gsummit60053.2024.10597082"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.comcom.2017.05.017"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/telecom3040037"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LWC.2024.3379198"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/OJCOMS.2024.3469553"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/lcomm.2016.2594776"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/twc.2019.2956146"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/twc.2021.3052973"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/tcomm.2022.3143122"},{"key":"ref44","first-page":"1","article-title":"RISnet: A dedicated scalable neural network architecture for optimization of reconfigurable intelligent surfaces","volume-title":"Proc. 26th Int. ITG Workshop Smart Antennas 13th Conf. Syst., Commun., Coding","author":"Peng"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LCOMM.2023.3323098"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/mcom.001.2400060"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/comst.2021.3089688"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/tvt.2023.3259688"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/comst.2019.2924243"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/access.2021.3104099"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/tnse.2021.3117565"},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.comnet.2023.110159"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/twc.2019.2946818"},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/globecom54140.2023.10437515"},{"key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/twc.2022.3207918"},{"key":"ref56","first-page":"648","article-title":"Machine-learning-based predictive handover","volume-title":"Proc. IFIP\/IEEE Int. Symp. Integr. Netw. Manage. (IM)","author":"Masri"},{"key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/access.2023.3274810"},{"key":"ref58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/access.2023.3267985"},{"key":"ref59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.csi.2021.103518"},{"key":"ref60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1504\/ijcnds.2022.120298"},{"key":"ref61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/mcom.001.2000922"},{"key":"ref62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/tvt.2019.2922668"},{"key":"ref63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/access.2019.2909670"},{"key":"ref64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ins.2019.05.012"},{"key":"ref65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/tmc.2022.3228286"},{"key":"ref66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3659205"},{"key":"ref67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/comst.2017.2682318"},{"key":"ref68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/comst.2017.2745201"},{"key":"ref69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/app9224730"},{"key":"ref70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/comst.2019.2943405"},{"key":"ref71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11277-023-10187-9"},{"key":"ref72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ojcoms.2024.3372426"},{"key":"ref73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/jproc.2019.2895553"},{"key":"ref74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/access.2020.3041765"},{"key":"ref75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/mcom.2018.1700483"},{"key":"ref76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/access.2022.3232855"},{"key":"ref77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ojvt.2020.3045470"},{"key":"ref78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/gcwkshps56602.2022.10008644"},{"key":"ref79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/twc.2022.3191605"},{"key":"ref80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/lwc.2019.2895039"},{"key":"ref81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/lwc.2021.3117032"},{"key":"ref82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ipin54987.2022.9918098"},{"key":"ref83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/vtc2022-spring54318.2022.9860906"},{"key":"ref84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-49161-1_2"},{"key":"ref85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s22249957"},{"key":"ref86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.51593\/2020CA001"},{"key":"ref87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s22103819"},{"key":"ref88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.59188\/eduvest.v3i4.793"},{"key":"ref89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/tii.2022.3205366"},{"key":"ref90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/mnet.011.2000088"},{"key":"ref91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3323679.3326527"},{"key":"ref92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/access.2018.2803446"},{"key":"ref93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/access.2020.3014356"},{"key":"ref94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/jiot.2020.2964162"},{"key":"ref95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/mwc.001.1900292"},{"key":"ref96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14716\/ijtech.v13i5.5866"},{"key":"ref97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.32604\/cmc.2023.036013"},{"key":"ref98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cpe.7633"},{"key":"ref99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/access.2023.3303528"},{"key":"ref100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/mwc.001.1900054"},{"key":"ref101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/access.2023.3242582"},{"key":"ref102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/tnsm.2019.2923881"},{"key":"ref103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/1781952"},{"key":"ref104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/access.2018.2806483"},{"key":"ref105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/tvt.2024.3388554"},{"key":"ref106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ispa-bdcloud-socialcom-sustaincom52081.2021.00199"},{"key":"ref107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/access.2019.2942390"},{"key":"ref108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/icassp39728.2021.9414155"},{"key":"ref109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/comst.2017.2727878"},{"key":"ref110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4236\/jcc.2021.96001"},{"key":"ref111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/vtcfall.2014.6965842"},{"key":"ref112","article-title":"Novel RL-based single-agent and multi-agent architectures and training adaptations for Near-Real-time self-optimization of electrical tilts","author":"Pandit","year":"2024","journal-title":"TechRxiv"},{"key":"ref113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/comst.2022.3208773"},{"key":"ref114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/mcom.001.2001237"},{"key":"ref115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/milcom.2014.72"},{"key":"ref116","article-title":"The many-to-many mapping between the concordance correlation coefficient and the mean square error","author":"Pandit","year":"2019","journal-title":"arXiv:1902.05180"},{"key":"ref117","article-title":"Time- and value-continuous explainable affect estimation in-the-wild, \"Time- and value-continuous explainable affect estimation in-the-wild","author":"Pandit","year":"2022"},{"key":"ref118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1063\/5.0213755"},{"key":"ref119","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/cscwd57460.2023.10152722"},{"key":"ref120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3316781.3322474"},{"key":"ref121","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/csci46756.2018.00177"},{"key":"ref122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s23042261"},{"key":"ref123","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9781139042918"},{"key":"ref124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/a15080283"},{"key":"ref125","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/access.2022.3141077"},{"key":"ref126","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13042-016-0629-5"},{"key":"ref127","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.37934\/araset.29.1.110117"},{"key":"ref128","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13042-020-01178-4"},{"key":"ref129","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/comst.2021.3067807"},{"key":"ref130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13638-021-01983-7"},{"key":"ref131","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/access.2021.3072435"},{"key":"ref132","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.23919\/jcin.2022.10005213"},{"key":"ref133","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/39840"},{"key":"ref134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s43058-023-00458-8"},{"key":"ref135","first-page":"1","article-title":"A comprehensive review of AIoT-based edge devices and lightweight deployment","author":"Sun","year":"2022","journal-title":"TechRxiv"},{"key":"ref136","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/app12073312"},{"key":"ref137","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/access.2020.2978005"},{"key":"ref138","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s21124215"},{"key":"ref139","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/signals1020010"},{"key":"ref140","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/tccn.2023.3242376"},{"key":"ref141","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/access.2020.2981463"},{"key":"ref142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ojcoms.2024.3419791"},{"key":"ref143","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/mms55062.2022.9825566"},{"key":"ref144","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/iotm.001.2200215"},{"key":"ref145","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1094670520933692"},{"key":"ref146","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2023.1044"},{"key":"ref147","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.icte.2022.05.005"},{"key":"ref148","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3636534.3649361"},{"key":"ref149","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/biomimetics8040343"},{"key":"ref150","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/mnet.2021.9387709"},{"key":"ref151","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/access.2019.2916503"},{"key":"ref152","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3589317"},{"key":"ref153","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eng.2021.10.002"},{"key":"ref154","article-title":"The confluence of blockchain and 6G network: Scenarios analysis and performance assessment","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"arXiv:2207.04744"},{"key":"ref155","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/sw-223201"},{"key":"ref156","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/tsp.2023.3282698"},{"key":"ref157","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/access.2022.3187040"},{"key":"ref158","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/tsp.2019.2959221"},{"key":"ref159","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/globecom42002.2020.9348163"},{"key":"ref160","volume-title":"Tm Forum Introductory Guide-Intent in Autonomous Networks V1.3.0 (IG1253)","year":"2024"},{"key":"ref161","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/cnsm.2016.7818445"},{"key":"ref162","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dcan.2020.07.001"},{"key":"ref163","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/access.2022.3157651"},{"key":"ref164","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.future.2022.05.014"},{"key":"ref165","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/icc42927.2021.9500837"},{"key":"ref166","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/iccworkshops53468.2022.9814557"},{"key":"ref167","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/vtc2021-fall52928.2021.9625210"},{"key":"ref168","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/vtc2021-fall52928.2021.9625209"},{"key":"ref169","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/wcnc51071.2022.9771981"},{"key":"ref170","first-page":"49","article-title":"IndoorDRaGon: Data-driven 3D radio propagation modeling for highly dynamic 6G environments","volume-title":"Proc. Eur. Wireless","author":"Geis"},{"key":"ref171","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/icc45855.2022.9838771"},{"key":"ref172","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/access.2021.3051557"},{"key":"ref173","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/su152316387"},{"key":"ref174","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/lcomm.2019.2929148"},{"key":"ref175","first-page":"10","article-title":"User localization in 5G mobile networks","volume":"33","author":"Z\u00fcgner","year":"2020","journal-title":"Network"},{"key":"ref176","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-25748-4_18"},{"key":"ref177","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.23919\/jcc.2020.09.009"},{"key":"ref178","article-title":"Federated learning: Strategies for improving communication efficiency","author":"Kone\u010dn\u1ef3","year":"2016","journal-title":"arXiv:1610.05492"},{"key":"ref179","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/twc.2020.3042074"},{"key":"ref180","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/lwc.2024.3381447"},{"key":"ref181","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.seta.2023.103494"},{"key":"ref182","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/mnet.001.1900652"},{"key":"ref183","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ipm.2020.102347"},{"key":"ref184","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/computers12030060"},{"key":"ref185","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/hpec43674.2020.9286149"},{"key":"ref186","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/access.2022.3232440"},{"key":"ref187","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/tvt.2021.3053425"},{"key":"ref188","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/jiot.2019.2894628"},{"key":"ref189","first-page":"6382","article-title":"Multi-agent actor-critic for mixed cooperative-competitive environments","volume-title":"Proc. 31st Int. Conf. Neural Inf. Process. Syst.","author":"Lowe"},{"key":"ref190","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/access.2022.3141587"},{"key":"ref191","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/mcom.006.2200480"},{"key":"ref192","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/comst.2021.3086014"},{"key":"ref193","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ojcoms.2024.3362271"},{"key":"ref194","article-title":"The curse of recursion: Training on generated data makes models forget","author":"Shumailov","year":"2023","journal-title":"arXiv:2305.17493"},{"key":"ref195","article-title":"Self-consuming generative models go MAD","volume-title":"Proc. ICLR","author":"Alemohammad"},{"key":"ref196","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mlwa.2024.100525"},{"key":"ref197","article-title":"On the opportunities and risks of foundation models","author":"Bommasani","year":"2022","journal-title":"arXiv.2108.07258"},{"key":"ref198","article-title":"Large generative AI models for telecom: The next big thing?","author":"Bariah","year":"2023","journal-title":"arXiv:2306.10249"},{"key":"ref199","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/mcom.001.2300550"},{"key":"ref200","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/wf-iot.2015.7389082"},{"key":"ref201","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/tai.2021.3108129"},{"key":"ref202","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/sips47522.2019.9020494"},{"key":"ref203","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/globecom42002.2020.9322114"},{"key":"ref204","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ieeeconf56349.2022.10052076"},{"key":"ref205","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/twc.2020.2996144"},{"key":"ref206","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/dsw.2019.8755566"},{"key":"ref207","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/icassp49357.2023.10096706"},{"key":"ref208","volume-title":"3GPP Specifications Releases","year":"2024"},{"key":"ref209","volume-title":"3GPP Technical Specification Groups\u2013An Overview","year":"2024"},{"key":"ref210","volume-title":"TR 38.843 Study on Artificial Intelligence (AI)\/machine Learning (ML) for NR Air Interface","year":"2024"},{"key":"ref211","volume-title":"TR 38.743 Study on Enhancements for Artificial Intelligence (AI)\/machine Learning (ML) for NG-RAN","year":"2024"},{"key":"ref212","volume-title":"TS 22.261 Service Requirements for the 5G System","year":"2024"},{"key":"ref213","volume-title":"TS 23.288 Architecture Enhancements for 5G System (5GS) To Support Network Data Analytics Services","year":"2024"},{"key":"ref214","volume-title":"TS 28.105 Management and Orchestration; Artificial Intelligence\/ Machine Learning (AI\/ML) Management","year":"2024"},{"key":"ref215","volume-title":"TS 28.104 Management and Orchestration; Management Data Analytics (MDA)","year":"2024"},{"key":"ref216","volume-title":"TR 23.700-82 Study on Application Layer Support for AI\/ML Services","year":"2024"},{"key":"ref217","volume-title":"Zero-touch Network and Service Management (ZSM);enablers for Artificial Intelligence-based Network and Service Automation","year":"2024"},{"key":"ref218","volume-title":"Zero-touch Network and Service Management (ZSM); Reference Architecture"},{"key":"ref219","volume-title":"O-RAN Non-RT RIC Architecture 5.0 and O-RAN R1 Interface: General Aspects and Principles 7.0"},{"key":"ref220","volume-title":"O-RAN Near-RT RIC Architecture 6.0"},{"key":"ref221","volume-title":"AI Act"},{"key":"ref222","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41928-019-0355-6"}],"container-title":["IEEE Access"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx8\/6287639\/10820123\/11112590.pdf?arnumber=11112590","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,23]],"date-time":"2025-08-23T01:01:50Z","timestamp":1755910910000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/11112590\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"references-count":222,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/access.2025.3595752","relation":{},"ISSN":["2169-3536"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2169-3536","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025]]}}}