{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,21]],"date-time":"2026-04-21T21:45:20Z","timestamp":1776807920959,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":94,"publisher":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]],"date-time":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735689600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/legalcode"}],"funder":[{"name":"Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM) through the Journal Publication Fund, which greatly facilitated the dissemination of this research"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IEEE Access"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1109\/access.2025.3597130","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,8]],"date-time":"2025-08-08T18:41:05Z","timestamp":1754678465000},"page":"140771-140790","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["3D Convolutional Neural Networks for Brain Tumor Analysis in Multimodal MRI: A Systematic Review"],"prefix":"10.1109","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-7933-4582","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hamza S.","family":"Alsmadi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1271-4257","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hazlina","family":"Hamdan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3112-982X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Norwati","family":"Mustapha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5188-3793","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Noridayu","family":"Manshor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compbiomed.2021.104564"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21660"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compbiomed.2022.106405"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compbiomed.2023.106726"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compmedimag.2021.101940"},{"key":"ref6","article-title":"Medical image segmentation with 3D convolutional neural networks: A survey","author":"Niyas","year":"2021","journal-title":"arXiv:2108.08467"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.inffus.2022.12.013"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics12081850"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/access.2023.3242666"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40747-021-00563-y"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compbiomed.2022.106426"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ima.22892"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12880-021-00728-8"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/rbme.2022.3185292"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2023.120534"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13750-018-0121-7"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijsu.2021.105906"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-021-13178-0"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compbiomed.2023.107083"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.procs.2020.03.295"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jimaging7090179"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/access.2021.3131949"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.metrad.2023.100004"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jimaging8080205"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/access.2023.3347545"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/su14084840"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/access.2023.3294179"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10278-023-00860-7"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/tmi.2014.2377694"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sdata.2017.117"},{"key":"ref31","volume-title":"The cancer genome atlas low grade glioma collection (TCGA-LGG), [data set]","author":"Pedano","year":"2016"},{"key":"ref32","volume-title":"The cancer genome atlas glioblastoma multiforme collection (TCGA-GBM), [data set]","author":"Scarpace","year":"2016"},{"key":"ref33","article-title":"Data from rembrandt","author":"Scarpace","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cancer Imag. Arch."},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2020.00027"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41597-022-01875-5"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11042-023-17215-7"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-00928-1_77"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/tomography10090105"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compbiomed.2022.106391"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00034-019-01246-3"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ihsh51661.2021.9378739"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/7882924"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mp.14168"},{"key":"ref44","article-title":"Brain tumor dataset, [data set]","author":"Jun","year":"2024"},{"key":"ref45","article-title":"Brain MRI images dataset for brain tumor detection, [data set]","author":"Chakrabarty","year":"2021"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-69298-z"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/axioms11010034"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-90428-8"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ieeeconf53345.2021.9723247"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics13081451"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/cits61189.2024.10608031"},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11042-024-18773-0"},{"key":"ref53","article-title":"The RSNA-ASNR-MICCAI BraTS 2021 benchmark on brain tumor segmentation and radiogenomic classification","author":"Baid","year":"2021","journal-title":"arXiv:2107.02314"},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compmedimag.2020.101811"},{"key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fncom.2019.00056"},{"key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/access.2022.3222536"},{"key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/access.2023.3325294"},{"key":"ref58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compbiomed.2022.106457"},{"key":"ref59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/7543429"},{"key":"ref60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/access.2022.3179577"},{"key":"ref61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10278-020-00347-9"},{"key":"ref62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/app13169282"},{"key":"ref63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm12020538"},{"key":"ref64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1049\/ipr2.12869"},{"key":"ref65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbi.2022.104173"},{"key":"ref66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ima.22861"},{"key":"ref67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.patcog.2021.108417"},{"key":"ref68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/access.2021.3122543"},{"key":"ref69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s21227528"},{"key":"ref70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12859-022-05039-5"},{"key":"ref71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-11726-9_17"},{"key":"ref72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1049\/ipr2.12860"},{"key":"ref73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10278-021-00486-7"},{"key":"ref74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.32604\/cmes.2021.014107"},{"key":"ref75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/access.2020.3018160"},{"key":"ref76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ibneur.2022.10.014"},{"key":"ref77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rineng.2024.101892"},{"key":"ref78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jksuci.2024.102086"},{"key":"ref79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.32604\/cmc.2023.039188"},{"key":"ref80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.32604\/cmc.2023.039181"},{"key":"ref81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/access.2022.3223654"},{"key":"ref82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12859-022-04794-9"},{"key":"ref83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/info13100445"},{"key":"ref84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jrras.2022.05.014"},{"key":"ref85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/tmi.2010.2046908"},{"key":"ref86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/access.2022.3153306"},{"key":"ref87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10916-024-02105-8"},{"key":"ref88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-46723-8_49"},{"key":"ref89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/access.2023.3340443"},{"key":"ref90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuri.2024.100156"},{"key":"ref91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jemt.23597"},{"key":"ref92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compmedimag.2023.102313"},{"key":"ref93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1609\/aaai.v36i1.19958"},{"key":"ref94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.24963\/ijcai.2021\/362"}],"container-title":["IEEE Access"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx8\/6287639\/10820123\/11121157.pdf?arnumber=11121157","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,23]],"date-time":"2025-08-23T01:02:08Z","timestamp":1755910928000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/11121157\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"references-count":94,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/access.2025.3597130","relation":{},"ISSN":["2169-3536"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2169-3536","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025]]}}}