{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,18]],"date-time":"2025-09-18T10:53:27Z","timestamp":1758192807485,"version":"3.44.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]],"date-time":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735689600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/legalcode"}],"funder":[{"name":"U.K. Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) through the Centre for Doctoral Training in Future Power Networks and Smart Grids","award":["EP\/L015471\/1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["EP\/L015471\/1"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IEEE Access"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1109\/access.2025.3608478","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,10]],"date-time":"2025-09-10T17:47:52Z","timestamp":1757526472000},"page":"158776-158788","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Localized Gas Equivalent Model of Electrical Heat Demand for Urban LV Distribution Network Impact Analysis"],"prefix":"10.1109","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9009-7795","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amy","family":"Anderson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, U.K."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7986-835X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Connor","family":"McGarry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, U.K."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1978-993X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stuart","family":"Galloway","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, U.K."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7502-8129","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bruce","family":"Stephen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, U.K."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1312-8874","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stephen","family":"McArthur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, U.K."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"volume-title":"Clean Growth: Transforming Heating\u2014Overview of Current Evidence","year":"2021","key":"ref1"},{"volume-title":"Seventh Carbon Budget: The U.K.\u2019s Path to Net Zero","year":"2025","key":"ref2"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"ref3","DOI":"10.1007\/s12053-012-9146-x"},{"volume-title":"Draft Heat in Buildings Strategy: Achieving Net Zero Emissions in Scotland\u2019s Buildings Consultation","year":"2021","key":"ref4"},{"volume-title":"Getting Warmer: A Field Trial of Heat Pumps","year":"2010","key":"ref5"},{"key":"ref6","first-page":"1","article-title":"Performance analysis of air source heat pumps using detailed simulations and comparison to field trial data","volume-title":"Proc. Int. Building Perform. Simul. Assoc. Conf.","author":"Kelly"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"ref7","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apenergy.2017.07.026"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"ref8","DOI":"10.1016\/j.energy.2015.11.060"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"ref9","DOI":"10.1177\/0143624420975707"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"ref10","DOI":"10.1007\/s12053-018-9632-x"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"ref11","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2020.3032228"},{"volume-title":"The Housing Stock of the United Kingdom","year":"2017","key":"ref12"},{"volume-title":"Characterising Network Asset Uncertainty on Distribution Networks (Thesis)","year":"2024","author":"Anderson","key":"ref13"},{"volume-title":"Customer-Led Network Revolution (CLNR): Project Data\u2014Enhanced Profiling of Domestic Customers With Air Source Heat Pumps","year":"2015","key":"ref14"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"ref15","DOI":"10.1049\/iet-gtd.2014.0056"},{"volume-title":"Electric Vehicles and Infrastructure","year":"2022","key":"ref16"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"ref17","DOI":"10.1016\/j.enbuild.2017.01.026"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"ref18","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apenergy.2016.11.103"},{"volume-title":"Low Carbon London Heat Pump Load Profiles","year":"2017","author":"Power Networks","key":"ref19"},{"volume-title":"Final Report on Analysis of Heat Pump Data From the Renewable Heat Premium Payment (RHPP) Scheme","year":"2021","author":"Lowe","key":"ref20"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"ref21","DOI":"10.1016\/j.energy.2014.10.025"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"ref22","DOI":"10.1109\/PESGM.2016.7741076"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"ref23","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apenergy.2017.07.089"},{"volume-title":"Postal Geography","year":"2022","key":"ref24"},{"volume-title":"Experimental Postcode Domestic Gas Statistics 2019","year":"2020","key":"ref25"},{"year":"2008","author":"Laustsen","article-title":"Energy efficiency requirements in building codes, energy efficiency policies for new buildings","key":"ref26"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"ref27","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apenergy.2008.07.011"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"ref28","DOI":"10.1063\/1.4874845"},{"key":"ref29","first-page":"10","article-title":"Dynamics of energy use in U.K. households","volume-title":"Proc. Summer Study Eur. Council Energy Efficient Economy","author":"Mansouri"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"ref30","DOI":"10.1063\/1.3593373"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"ref31","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodpol.2013.02.003"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"ref32","DOI":"10.1007\/s40595-018-0119-7"},{"issue":"7","key":"ref33","first-page":"51","article-title":"Boiler system efficiency","volume":"48","author":"Durkin","year":"2006","journal-title":"Amer. Soc. Heating, Refrigerating Air-Conditioning Eng. J."},{"volume-title":"EU Energy Label for Heating Appliances-Optimization of Test Standards for Heat Pumps","year":"2017","author":"Palkowski","key":"ref34"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"ref35","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2023.3288811"},{"volume-title":"Code of Practice 204\u2014Issue 3: Network Component Impedance Data","year":"2010","key":"ref36"},{"volume-title":"Code of Practice for Underground Cable Ratings and Parameters","year":"2021","key":"ref37"},{"volume-title":"Standard Technique: SD8B\/4 (Part 1)\u2014Relating to LV Underground Cable Ratings","year":"2016","key":"ref38"},{"volume-title":"Bing Aerial Maps","year":"2021","key":"ref39"},{"volume-title":"A Free and Open Source Geographic Information System","year":"2021","key":"ref40"},{"volume-title":"Profiling","year":"2021","key":"ref41"},{"volume-title":"Low Carbon Heating Uptake Modelling (HEAT\u2014Up)","year":"2022","key":"ref42"},{"volume-title":"Constellation\u2014Project Progress Report","year":"2022","key":"ref43"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"ref44","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijforecast.2013.08.002"}],"container-title":["IEEE Access"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx8\/6287639\/10820123\/11155082.pdf?arnumber=11155082","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,17]],"date-time":"2025-09-17T17:32:26Z","timestamp":1758130346000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/11155082\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"references-count":44,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/access.2025.3608478","relation":{},"ISSN":["2169-3536"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"2169-3536"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025]]}}}