{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,16]],"date-time":"2026-04-16T16:39:11Z","timestamp":1776357551277,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/legalcode"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IEEE Access"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1109\/access.2025.3617934","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,6]],"date-time":"2025-10-06T17:37:47Z","timestamp":1759772267000},"page":"18897-18912","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["A Comprehensive Review of Foreign Object Detection Methods in Wireless Power Transfer for Electric Vehicles With Conceptual Analysis"],"prefix":"10.1109","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4933-8849","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bilal","family":"Alam","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Power Electronics and Renewable Energy Research Laboratory, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8544-8995","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Saad","family":"Mekhilef","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Power Electronics and Renewable Energy Research Laboratory, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9270-5256","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Farha","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7565-7822","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marizan","family":"Mubin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Power Electronics and Renewable Energy Research Laboratory, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6018-3978","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tey","family":"Kok Soon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer System and Technology, Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5973-9000","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Addy","family":"Wahyudie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical and Communication Engineering College of Engineering, United Arab Emirates University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohammad","family":"Mudassir Hashmi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Power Electronics and Renewable Energy Research Laboratory, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2538-4077","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mehdi","family":"Seyedmahmoudian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Engineering, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, VIC, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alex","family":"Stojcevski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Science Park II, Curtin University Singapore, Science Park Road, Singapore"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JPROC.2013.2244536"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.24295\/CPSSTPEA.2016.00008"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9781119329084"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIE.2018.2860534"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TEMC.2016.2636863"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/en10071022"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICECCME62383.2024.10797028"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPEL.2017.2735441"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JESTPE.2014.2319453"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TTE.2017.2780627"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JESTPE.2013.2264473"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.4271\/2019-01-0868","article-title":"Validation of wireless power transfer up to 11kw based on SAE J2954 with bench and vehicle testing","volume-title":"Proc. WCX SAE World Congress Experience, SAE Technical Paper","author":"Schneider"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MPEL.2022.3195597"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CIYCEE49808.2020.9332727"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/RFIT.2012.6401636"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/wpt.2017.7"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIE.2004.825286"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s130100071"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref19","first-page":"22","article-title":"Foreign object debris (FOD) detection research","volume":"12","author":"Patterson","year":"2008","journal-title":"Int. Airport Rev."},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/en11081926"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TMAG.2017.2771511"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref22","first-page":"14","article-title":"Analysis of metal foreign object setting on electric vehicle wireless power transfer system","volume":"36","author":"Ma","year":"2017","journal-title":"Adv. Technol. Electr. Eng. Energy"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TMAG.2017.2657517"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IMWS.2012.6215802"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/WPTC48563.2020.9295641"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/GCCE.2017.8229206"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IAS.2018.8544570"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIA.2019.2937501"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/APEC39645.2020.9124241"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIA.2021.3057603"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPEL.2017.2765521"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPEL.2019.2936249"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/electronics9122070"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/en13112960"},{"key":"ref35","first-page":"56","article-title":"Metal object detection method in wireless electric vehicle charging system","volume":"56","author":"Du","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Zhejiang Univ. Eng. Sci."},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/WoW45936.2019.9030635"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-981-16-6081-8_25"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/DASA54658.2022.9765274"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPEL.2021.3100420"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/WPTC51349.2021.9458010"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2025.3572920"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPEL.2018.2813437"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2020.2995210"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ITEC48692.2020.9161604"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/APEC.2019.8721804"},{"key":"ref46","first-page":"1","article-title":"Multiple comb pattern based living object detection with enhanced resolution design for wireless electric vehicle chargers","volume-title":"Proc. PCIM Eur., Int. Exhib. Conf. Power Electron., Intell. Motion, Renew. Energy Energy Manage.","author":"Thai"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIE.2017.2723867"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TTE.2023.3313671"},{"key":"ref49","volume-title":"Release 2023 R2","author":"Maxwell","year":"2023"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIE.2012.2200209"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIE.2012.2196902"},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/WPT.2014.6839600"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/electronics9030461"},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TMTT.2016.2609931"},{"key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.epsr.2017.09.018"},{"key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2021.3116678"},{"key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ref.2023.06.002"},{"key":"ref58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/EI259745.2023.10512647"},{"key":"ref59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MWC.004.2300593"},{"key":"ref60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2020.2989466"},{"key":"ref61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ARES.2006.7"}],"container-title":["IEEE Access"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx8\/6287639\/11323511\/11193763.pdf?arnumber=11193763","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,10]],"date-time":"2026-02-10T05:56:50Z","timestamp":1770703010000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/11193763\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"references-count":61,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/access.2025.3617934","relation":{},"ISSN":["2169-3536"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2169-3536","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026]]}}}