{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T00:12:26Z","timestamp":1787011946004,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":135,"publisher":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]],"date-time":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735689600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/legalcode"}],"funder":[{"name":"Croatian Science Foundation, through the Project \u201cDYNASTY-Ensuring Dynamic Stability of Future Inverter-Based AC Power Networks,\u201d","award":["IP-202210-7347"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IP-202210-7347"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IEEE Access"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1109\/access.2025.3637507","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,26]],"date-time":"2025-11-26T19:05:14Z","timestamp":1764183914000},"page":"202030-202048","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Survey of Supercapacitor Energy Storage Technology, Modeling, and Ancillary Service Applications in Low-Carbon Power Systems"],"prefix":"10.1109","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-7022-269X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Karlo","family":"Kobe\u0161\u010dak","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computing, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4826-0237","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tomislav","family":"Ba\u0161karad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computing, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8992-4098","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Igor","family":"Kuzle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computing, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/challe16010012"},{"key":"ref2","first-page":"5","article-title":"System strength (cigre science and engineering journal)","volume":"20","author":"Badrzade","year":"2021","journal-title":"CIGRE Sci. Eng. J."},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ISGTAsia54193.2022.10003499"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rser.2015.11.016"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rser.2016.11.170"},{"key":"ref6","volume-title":"Inertia and Rate of Change of Frequency (ROCOF), Version 17","year":"2020"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.epsr.2022.107823"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ISGTEUROPE62998.2024.10863504"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MED.2007.4433835"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2023.3274504"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.epsr.2024.110885"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rser.2019.109662"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/en17153737"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tej.2020.106763"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jechem.2020.11.013"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mne.2023.100229"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.est.2024.112563"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rser.2021.111913"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2019.2908558"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rser.2017.05.283"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.37798\/2003524569"},{"key":"ref22","volume-title":"Analog Circuit Design","year":"2025"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1742-6596\/1973\/1\/012015"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1201\/b14671"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9781118693636.ch2"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1049\/cp.2010.0117"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TEC.2013.2296792"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/mms-2016-0031"},{"key":"ref29","volume-title":"2.7V 3000F Ultracapacitor Cell BCAP3000 P270 Datasheet","year":"2024"},{"key":"ref30","volume-title":"SkelCap SCX50000 Supercapacitor Cell Data Sheet","year":"2024"},{"key":"ref31","volume-title":"XL60 Supercapacitors Cylindrical Cells Data Sheet","year":"2020"},{"key":"ref32","volume-title":"2.7V 3000F CDCL-STB Ultracapacitor Cell Datasheet","year":"2020"},{"key":"ref33","volume-title":"LSUC-002R7C-3000F-NH Ultracapacitor Cell Data Sheet","year":"2018"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpowsour.2009.12.028"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.est.2020.101731"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/est2.398"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.elecom.2015.07.022"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.energy.2021.120689"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.egyr.2021.11.192"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2019.2938543"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.37798\/2024733697"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ONCON56984.2022.10126637"},{"key":"ref43","first-page":"1","article-title":"Design of ultracapacitor based energy storage system for constant current and constant power applications","volume-title":"Proc. IEEE Int. Conf. Power Electron., Drives Energy Syst. (PEDES)","author":"Naresh"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1049\/icp.2021.1242"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JESTIE.2022.3165985"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIA.2018.2873534"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPEL.2016.2552198"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2022.3182468"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apenergy.2018.01.096"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TMSCS.2016.2627543"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIA.2022.3211248"},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-70599-w"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/en16062858"},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2020.3015919"},{"key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.est.2018.12.017"},{"key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/en18102423"},{"key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.est.2022.104317"},{"key":"ref58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPWRS.2018.2805380"},{"key":"ref59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPEL.2017.2759256"},{"key":"ref60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40866-024-00232-2"},{"key":"ref61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fenrg.2024.1387908"},{"key":"ref62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1049\/iet-gtd.2018.5928"},{"key":"ref63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.est.2024.115002"},{"key":"ref64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.egypro.2015.07.770"},{"key":"ref65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.egypro.2019.02.003"},{"key":"ref66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/SGES51519.2020.00145"},{"key":"ref67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TEC.2024.3444774"},{"key":"ref68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/en17020331"},{"key":"ref69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/en16207059"},{"key":"ref70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.egyr.2023.09.067"},{"key":"ref71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/JIFS-233729"},{"key":"ref72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIA.2023.3249145"},{"key":"ref73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15435075.2021.1975124"},{"key":"ref74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2021.3081676"},{"key":"ref75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.35833\/MPCE.2020.000272"},{"key":"ref76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/en13143697"},{"key":"ref77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1049\/joe.2018.8504"},{"key":"ref78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/437674"},{"key":"ref79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/EI256261.2022.10116818"},{"key":"ref80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MEPCON.2017.8301350"},{"key":"ref81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/SASG.2014.7274292"},{"key":"ref82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIE.2021.3109536"},{"key":"ref83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2020.3031446"},{"key":"ref84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2018.2878493"},{"key":"ref85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TEC.2014.2360071"},{"key":"ref86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSTE.2014.2334622"},{"key":"ref87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5370\/JEET.2015.10.1.146"},{"key":"ref88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIA.2007.895768"},{"key":"ref89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/APEC39645.2020.9124418"},{"key":"ref90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPEL.2023.3317497"},{"key":"ref91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIE.2014.2327554"},{"key":"ref92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2022.3177661"},{"key":"ref93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2021.3130375"},{"key":"ref94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1049\/iet-rpg.2017.0370"},{"key":"ref95","volume-title":"Flexibility, Technologies and Scenarios for Hydropower","author":"Moreira","year":"2020"},{"key":"ref96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00202-018-0739-z"},{"key":"ref97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSG.2019.2940173"},{"key":"ref98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/EEM.2018.8469973"},{"key":"ref99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.est.2020.101662"},{"key":"ref100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2017.2786283"},{"key":"ref101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apenergy.2024.122929"},{"key":"ref102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSTE.2012.2205025"},{"key":"ref103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2021.3058951"},{"key":"ref104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijepes.2022.108554"},{"key":"ref105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPWRS.2021.3059954"},{"key":"ref106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IAS44978.2020.9391557"},{"key":"ref107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00202-023-01980-7"},{"key":"ref108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIA.2019.2924859"},{"key":"ref109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/en17112737"},{"key":"ref110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.epsr.2019.04.011"},{"key":"ref111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPWRS.2014.2356721"},{"key":"ref112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apenergy.2014.08.041"},{"key":"ref113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijepes.2017.01.009"},{"key":"ref114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.epsr.2023.109607"},{"key":"ref115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/su15021248"},{"key":"ref116","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TEC.2021.3068036"},{"key":"ref117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JSYST.2013.2289251"},{"key":"ref118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/en15145179"},{"key":"ref119","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/en15041333"},{"key":"ref120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/est2.346"},{"key":"ref121","volume-title":"DS3 System Services Technical Definitions Decision Paper","year":"2013"},{"key":"ref122","volume-title":"Potential Solutions for Mitigating Technical Challenges Arising From High Res-e Penetration on the Island of Ireland\u2014A Technical Assessment of 2030 Study Outcomes","year":"2021"},{"key":"ref123","article-title":"Capabilities and costs for ancillary services provision by wind power plants","author":"Faiella","year":"2013"},{"key":"ref124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPWRS.2021.3108064"},{"key":"ref125","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1049\/cp:20080490"},{"key":"ref126","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/UPEC.2006.367558"},{"key":"ref127","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/EPEC.2015.7379930"},{"key":"ref128","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICSGCE.2016.7876034"},{"key":"ref129","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/OAJPE.2024.3447883"},{"key":"ref130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2018.2854915"},{"key":"ref131","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/en18154174"},{"key":"ref132","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fenrg.2024.1358333"},{"key":"ref133","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijepes.2022.108121"},{"key":"ref134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rineng.2025.105589"},{"key":"ref135","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.esr.2024.101482"}],"container-title":["IEEE Access"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx8\/6287639\/10820123\/11269823.pdf?arnumber=11269823","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,5]],"date-time":"2025-12-05T06:19:49Z","timestamp":1764915589000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/11269823\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"references-count":135,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/access.2025.3637507","relation":{},"ISSN":["2169-3536"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2169-3536","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025]]}}}