{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,13]],"date-time":"2026-01-13T05:21:31Z","timestamp":1768281691175,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/legalcode"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IEEE Access"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1109\/access.2025.3645910","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,18]],"date-time":"2025-12-18T18:34:32Z","timestamp":1766082872000},"page":"1882-1905","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["CFD and Artificial Intelligence Characterization of Turbulent Combustion of Biogas-Syngas Mixtures in Counter-Flow Flames"],"prefix":"10.1109","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Seif Eddine","family":"Chehaidia","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"École Nationale Polytechnique de Constantine, Constantine, Algeria"}]},{"given":"Oussama","family":"Benbouaziz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"École Nationale Polytechnique de Constantine, Constantine, Algeria"}]},{"given":"Filali","family":"Abdelkader","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"École Nationale Polytechnique de Constantine, Constantine, Algeria"}]},{"given":"Mohamed","family":"Djennane","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"École Nationale Polytechnique de Constantine, Constantine, Algeria"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9092-0174","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alaa","family":"Bafail","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Computing and Information Technology, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6531-5455","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohamed I.","family":"Mosaad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yanbu Industrial College (YIC), Royal Commission Yanbu Colleges and Institutes, Yanbu, Saudi Arabia"}]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2025.3605809"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/en18071707"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.combustflame.2025.114119"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijhydene.2015.11.035"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15435075.2018.1549997"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fuel.2020.117580"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref7","first-page":"1851","article-title":"Characterization of biogas-syngas turbulent MILD combustion in the jet in hot co-flow burner","volume":"14","author":"Benbouaziz","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Appl. Fluid Mech."},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.enconman.2013.06.026"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2009.11.003"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijhydene.2013.12.037"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fuel.2006.01.027"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijhydene.2015.04.015"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijhydene.2015.12.154"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijhydene.2010.11.097"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/er.671"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/er.841"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijhydene.2008.07.063"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2018.01.045"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fuel.2021.122017"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.supflu.2019.104552"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1540-7489(02)80269-3"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2024.3384761"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2025.3557472"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijhydene.2022.04.093"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clet.2025.100994"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.renene.2023.118953"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2025.162698"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12649-024-02674-2"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fuel.2024.133575"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ces.2025.122017"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijhydene.2024.12.040"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijhydene.2023.03.223"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.indcrop.2025.121993"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/app15137204"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0010-2180(92)90125-9"},{"key":"ref36","volume-title":"ESTIMATE Project","year":"2025"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.combustflame.2006.12.013"},{"key":"ref38","first-page":"298","article-title":"Theory guide","volume":"11","author":"CFX-Solver","year":"2006","journal-title":"Release LL"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2514\/3.12149"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022112075001814"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/fld.1650090806"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2514\/3.10042"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref43","first-page":"625","article-title":"Ten years of industrial experience with the SST turbulence model","volume":"4","author":"Menter","year":"2003","journal-title":"Turbulence, Heat Mass Transf."},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-2361(95)00269-3"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref45","first-page":"279","article-title":"An improved machine learning techniques fusion algorithm for controls advanced research turbine (cart) power coefficient estimation","volume":"82","author":"Chehaidia","year":"2020","journal-title":"UPB Sci. Bull., Series C"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/en15186746"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/21.256541"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12303-015-0065-7"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref49","first-page":"45","article-title":"A comparison of performance of several artificial intelligence methods for estimation of required rotational torque to operate horizontal directional drilling","volume":"7","author":"Fattahi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Iran Univ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00704-018-2576-4"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40815-024-01931-9"},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-025-18140-5"},{"issue":"11","key":"ref53","first-page":"6","article-title":"Hybrid learning for adaptive neuro fuzzy inference system","volume":"2","author":"Loganathan","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int. J. Eng. Sci."},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-981-97-6500-3"},{"key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijhydene.2019.05.142"},{"key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijhydene.2013.12.056"},{"key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fuel.2014.10.040"}],"container-title":["IEEE Access"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx8\/6287639\/11323511\/11303654.pdf?arnumber=11303654","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,12]],"date-time":"2026-01-12T22:02:38Z","timestamp":1768255358000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/11303654\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"references-count":57,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/access.2025.3645910","relation":{},"ISSN":["2169-3536"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2169-3536","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026]]}}}