{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,20]],"date-time":"2026-01-20T12:07:51Z","timestamp":1768910871778,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/legalcode"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IEEE Access"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1109\/access.2026.3652343","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,12]],"date-time":"2026-01-12T22:02:28Z","timestamp":1768255348000},"page":"7776-7791","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["From Chat to Academia: Calibrating Formality in Low-Resource Languages"],"prefix":"10.1109","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2806-5984","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Seda","family":"Efendioglu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Computer Engineering Department, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, T&#x00FC;rkiye"}]},{"given":"Huseyin","family":"Pehlivan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Computer Engineering Department, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, T&#x00FC;rkiye"}]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-4573(88)90021-0"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(sici)1097-4571(199009)41:6<391::aid-asi1>3.0.co;2-9"},{"key":"ref3","article-title":"Efficient estimation of word representations in vector space","author":"Mikolov","year":"2013","journal-title":"arXiv:1301.3781"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3115\/v1\/D14-1162"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.48550\/ARXIV.1706.03762"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.48550\/arXiv.1810.04805"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/d19-1410"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2015.7298682"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2022.repl4nlp-1.26"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2025.naacl-long.436"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2023.findings-emnlp.1020"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2021.emnlp-main.569"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1162\/tacl_a_00027"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2023.findings-eacl.42"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1162\/tacl_a_00083"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1609\/aaai.v34i05.6379"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/N16-1005"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/N18-1012"},{"key":"ref19","first-page":"44","article-title":"Developing an informalformal Persian corpus: Highlighting the differences between two writing styles","volume-title":"Proc. 1st Workshop NLP Languages Using Arabic Script","author":"Tajalli"},{"key":"ref20","author":"Schweter","year":"2020","journal-title":"BERTurk: BERT Models for Turkish"},{"key":"ref21","article-title":"Formality of language: Definition, measurement and behavioral determinants","author":"Heylighen","year":"1999"},{"key":"ref22","volume-title":"New Embedding Models and API Updates","year":"2024"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2021.naacl-main.41"},{"key":"ref24","volume-title":"Multilingual Formality Transfer","year":"2025"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2532051"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3354\/cr030079"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rspl.1895.0041"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4135\/9781071878781"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2020.emnlp-main.55"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/P19-1041"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/electronics13173509"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2024.findings-acl.658"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/access.2025.3548967"},{"key":"ref34","article-title":"LoRA: Low-rank adaptation of large language models","volume-title":"Proc. Int. Conf. Learn. Represent.","author":"Hu"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00401706.1970.10488634"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/h0026256"},{"key":"ref37","article-title":"UMAP: Uniform manifold approximation and projection for dimension reduction","author":"McInnes","year":"2018","journal-title":"arXiv:1802.03426"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2025.naacl-srw.41"},{"key":"ref39","article-title":"BERTScore: Evaluating text generation with BERT","volume-title":"Proc. Int. Conf. Learn. Represent.","author":"Zhang"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2020.acl-main.704"}],"container-title":["IEEE Access"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx8\/6287639\/11323511\/11343771.pdf?arnumber=11343771","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,19]],"date-time":"2026-01-19T20:55:41Z","timestamp":1768856141000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/11343771\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"references-count":40,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/access.2026.3652343","relation":{},"ISSN":["2169-3536"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2169-3536","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026]]}}}